In:
PLOS Global Public Health, Public Library of Science (PLoS), Vol. 2, No. 6 ( 2022-6-9), p. e0000169-
Abstract:
COVID-19 mortality rate has not been formally assessed in Nigeria. Thus, we aimed to address this gap and identify associated mortality risk factors during the first and second waves in Nigeria. This was a retrospective analysis of national surveillance data from all 37 States in Nigeria between February 27, 2020, and April 3, 2021. The outcome variable was mortality amongst persons who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by Reverse-Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction. Incidence rates of COVID-19 mortality was calculated by dividing the number of deaths by total person-time (in days) contributed by the entire study population and presented per 100,000 person-days with 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI). Adjusted negative binomial regression was used to identify factors associated with COVID-19 mortality. Findings are presented as adjusted Incidence Rate Ratios (aIRR) with 95% CI. The first wave included 65,790 COVID-19 patients, of whom 994 (1∙51%) died; the second wave included 91,089 patients, of whom 513 (0∙56%) died. The incidence rate of COVID-19 mortality was higher in the first wave [54∙25 (95% CI: 50∙98–57∙73)] than in the second wave [19∙19 (17∙60–20∙93)] . Factors independently associated with increased risk of COVID-19 mortality in both waves were: age ≥45 years, male gender [first wave aIRR 1∙65 (1∙35–2∙02) and second wave 1∙52 (1∙11–2∙06)], being symptomatic [aIRR 3∙17 (2∙59–3∙89) and 3∙04 (2∙20–4∙21)] , and being hospitalised [aIRR 4∙19 (3∙26–5∙39) and 7∙84 (4∙90–12∙54)]. Relative to South-West, residency in the South-South and North-West was associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 mortality in both waves. In conclusion, the rate of COVID-19 mortality in Nigeria was higher in the first wave than in the second wave, suggesting an improvement in public health response and clinical care in the second wave. However, this needs to be interpreted with caution given the inherent limitations of the country’s surveillance system during the study.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
2767-3375
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0000169
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0000169.g001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0000169.g002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0000169.g003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0000169.g004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0000169.g005
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0000169.t001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0000169.t002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0000169.t003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0000169.t004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0000169.s001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0000169.s002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0000169.s003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0000169.s004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0000169.r001
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0000169.r002
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0000169.r003
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0000169.r004
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pgph.0000169.r005
Language:
English
Publisher:
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Publication Date:
2022
detail.hit.zdb_id:
3101394-6
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