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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Shear wave splitting, continental keels, and patterns of mantle flow
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2000
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth Vol. 105, No. B3 ( 2000-03-10), p. 6255-6275
    Details
    In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 105, No. B3 ( 2000-03-10), p. 6255-6275
    Abstract: In this study we investigated the origin of seismic anisotropy in the mantle beneath North America. In particular, we evaluated whether shear wave splitting patterns in eastern North America are better explained by anisotropy caused by lithospheric deformation, anisotropy due to mantle flow beneath the lithosphere, or a combination of both. We examined new measurements of shear wave splitting from the Missouri to Massachusetts broadband seismometer array (MOMA), the North American Mantle Anisotropy and Discontinuity experiment (NOMAD), as well as splitting parameters from several previous studies. We developed a simple finite difference model that approximates mantle flow around a complex, three‐dimensional continental lithospheric keel. To evaluate potential anisotropy from mantle flow beneath the lithosphere in eastern North America, we compared shear wave splitting observations to predicted splitting parameters calculated using this mantle flow model. Our results indicate that a significant portion of observed shear wave splitting in eastern North America can be explained by mantle flow around the continental keel. However, shear wave splitting patterns in a few regions of eastern North America indicate that a component of lithospheric anisotropy must exist, particularly in regions containing the largest keel thicknesses. For eastern North America, as well as for splitting observations in Australia, Europe, and South America, we favor a model in which anisotropy is controlled by a combination of both lithospheric deformation and subcontinental mantle flow.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0148-0227
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/1999JB900372
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2000
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Thank You to Our 2020 Reviewers
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2021
    In:  Perspectives of Earth and Space Scientists Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2021-12-23)
    Details
    In: Perspectives of Earth and Space Scientists, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 2021-12-23)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2637-6989 , 2637-6989
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/2021CN000147
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 3
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    Characterization of Seismic Sources from Military Operations in Urban Terrain (MOUT): Examples from Baghdad
    Seismological Society of America (SSA) ; 2016
    In:  Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America Vol. 106, No. 1 ( 2016-02), p. 23-41
    Details
    In: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, Seismological Society of America (SSA), Vol. 106, No. 1 ( 2016-02), p. 23-41
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0037-1106 , 1943-3573
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1785/0120140187
    Language: English
    Publisher: Seismological Society of America (SSA)
    Publication Date: 2016
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 4
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    The Next Generation Science Standards: A potential revolution for geoscience education
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 2014
    In:  Earth's Future Vol. 2, No. 5 ( 2014-05), p. 299-302
    Details
    In: Earth's Future, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 2, No. 5 ( 2014-05), p. 299-302
    Abstract: The Next Generation Science Standards ( NGSS ) are the first set of national K‐12 science standards Earth and space science ( ESS ) figures prominently within the NGSS , with a year of advanced performance expectations for high school Geoscientists need to respond to help implement the incorporation of modern, progressive ESS into K‐12 schools
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2328-4277 , 2328-4277
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/2014EF000237
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 2014
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  • 5
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    Intraplate earthquakes in the southwest Pacific Ocean Basin and the seismotectonics of the southern Tasman Sea
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1993
    In:  Geophysical Research Letters Vol. 20, No. 22 ( 1993-11-19), p. 2467-2470
    Details
    In: Geophysical Research Letters, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 20, No. 22 ( 1993-11-19), p. 2467-2470
    Abstract: An examination of 311 intraplate earthquakes in the Australian plate portion of the Pacific Ocean basin reported from 1918 to 1990 reveals that only 113 events are reliably intraplate, with most of the rest relocating to active trenches and transforms. The non‐random distribution of the reliably intraplate events gives insight into the tectonic stresses present. The central Tasman Sea is mostly aseismic except for a swarm of activity at the predicted site of the Tasmantid hot spot. To the north, the broad regions of the Coral Sea, South Fiji Basin and Lord Howe Rise show very little intraplate seismicity, yet the narrow Norfolk Ridge and Three Kings Rise, caught between the double convergence of the New Hebrides and Tonga subduction zones, support many more earthquakes. High levels of intraplate seismicity in the southern Tasman Sea adjacent to the Macquarie Ridge Complex (MRC) indicate that this region may be undergoing internal deformation due to the unusual nature of the Australia‐Pacific plate boundary. Additional support exists in the form of intraplate focal mechanisms similar to those at the plate boundary and a set of parallel gravity rolls which are observed in recent geoid maps. Some aftershocks of the M w = 8.2 Macquarie Ridge earthquake of 1989 occurred in a fracture zone west of the Macquarie Ridge Complex [ Das, 1992], but we have found several earthquakes from as early as 1924 which relocate to this feature, suggesting that its reactivation may be more significant than previously thought. This reactivation of a fossil fracture zone may be the result of the increasing amount of oblique convergence between the Australia and Pacific plates at the Macquarie Ridge Complex, formerly a spreading center, and the stresses associated with subducting recently formed Australian ocean crust beneath the older Pacific plate.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0094-8276 , 1944-8007
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/93GL02792
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1993
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 6
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    Seismic velocity and anisotropy of the uppermost mantle beneath Madagascar from Pn tomography
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 2020
    In:  Geophysical Journal International Vol. 224, No. 1 ( 2020-11-09), p. 290-305
    Details
    In: Geophysical Journal International, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 224, No. 1 ( 2020-11-09), p. 290-305
    Abstract: The lithosphere of Madagascar records a long series of tectonic processes. Structures initially inherited from the Pan-African Orogeny are overprinted by a series of extensional tectonic and magmatic events that began with the breakup of Gondwana and continued through to the present. Here, we present a Pn-tomography study in which Pn traveltimes are inverted to investigate the lateral variation of the seismic velocity and anisotropy within the uppermost mantle beneath Madagascar. Results show that the Pn velocities within the uppermost mantle vary by ±0.30 km s–1 about a mean of 8.10 km s–1. Low-Pn-velocity zones ( & lt;8.00 km s–1) are observed beneath the Cenozoic alkaline volcanic provinces in the northern and central regions. They correspond to thermally perturbed zones, where temperatures are estimated to be elevated by ∼100–300 K. Moderately low Pn velocities are found near the southern volcanic province and along an E–W belt in central Madagascar. This belt is located at the edge of a broader low S-velocity anomaly in the mantle imaged in a recent surface wave tomographic study. High-Pn-velocity zones ( & gt;8.20 km s–1) coincide with stable and less seismically active regions. The pattern of Pn anisotropy is very complex, with small-scale variations in both the amplitude and the fast-axis direction, and generally reflects the complicated tectonic history of Madagascar. Pn anisotropy and shear wave (SKS) splitting measurements show good correlations in the southern parts of Madagascar, indicating coherency in the vertical distribution of lithospheric deformation along Pan-African shear zone as well as coupling between the crust and mantle when the shear zones were active. In most other regions, discrepancies between Pn anisotropy and SKS measurements suggest that the seismic anisotropy in the uppermost mantle beneath Madagascar differs from the vertically integrated upper mantle anisotropy, implying a present-day vertical partitioning of the deformation. Pn anisotropy directions lack the coherent pattern expected for an incipient plate boundary within Madagascar proposed in some kinematic models of the region.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0956-540X , 1365-246X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/gji/ggaa458
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 7
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    Seismicity and seismotectonics of Madagascar revealed by the 2011–2013 deployment of the island-wide MACOMO broadband seismic array
    Elsevier BV ; 2020
    In:  Tectonophysics Vol. 790 ( 2020-09), p. 228547-
    Details
    In: Tectonophysics, Elsevier BV, Vol. 790 ( 2020-09), p. 228547-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0040-1951
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tecto.2020.228547
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2020
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    SSG: 16,13
    SSG: 13
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  • 8
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    Lowermost mantle anisotropy beneath the Pacific: Imaging the source of the Hawaiian plume
    Elsevier BV ; 2001
    In:  Earth and Planetary Science Letters Vol. 190, No. 3-4 ( 2001-8), p. 167-180
    Details
    In: Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Elsevier BV, Vol. 190, No. 3-4 ( 2001-8), p. 167-180
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0012-821X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/S0012-821X(01)00380-6
    RVK:
    TE 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2001
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    SSG: 16,13
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  • 9
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    Mantle discontinuities and temperature under the North American continental keel
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 1998
    In:  Nature Vol. 395, No. 6698 ( 1998-9), p. 160-163
    Details
    In: Nature, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 395, No. 6698 ( 1998-9), p. 160-163
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0028-0836 , 1476-4687
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/25972
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 1998
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    SSG: 11
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  • 10
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    Recent oceanic intraplate earthquake in Balleny Sea was largest ever detected
    American Geophysical Union (AGU) ; 1998
    In:  Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union Vol. 79, No. 30 ( 1998-07-28), p. 353-354
    Details
    In: Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, American Geophysical Union (AGU), Vol. 79, No. 30 ( 1998-07-28), p. 353-354
    Abstract: The largest oceanic intraplate earthquake ever detected and the largest event worldwide since 1994 occurred in a remote oceanic region near the Balleny Islands on March 25, 1998 (03:12:26 UT; Mw 8.2). An intraplate earthquake of this magnitude is extremely rare, especially for the Antarctic plate, which shows low seismicity. The earthquake occurred about 300 km west of the Balleny Transform between the Antarctic passive margin and the Australian‐Antarctic spreading center (Figure 1). The best double‐couple mechanism from the Harvard Centroid Moment Tensor (CMT) solution shows strike‐slip faulting with nodal planes trending north‐south and east‐west (Figure 1). The CMT solution also shows a large, compensated linear vector dipole (CLVD) component that can be interpreted as indicating northwest‐southeast extension.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0096-3941 , 2324-9250
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1029/98EO00265
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
    Publication Date: 1998
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    SSG: 16,13
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