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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Ethylene Dibromide Residues in Fruit Fumigated for Quarantine Treatment Against the Caribbean Fruit Fly, 1979-80
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 1981
    In:  Insecticide and Acaricide Tests Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 1981-01-01), p. 178-178
    Details
    In: Insecticide and Acaricide Tests, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 1981-01-01), p. 178-178
    Abstract: Various fruits were fumigated with ethylene dibromide (EDB) in a 50 ft3 chamber for 2 hours, aerated 1 hour via an exhaust blower, and stored. A temperature of about 75°F was maintained during all stages via air conditioning. EDB was applied either at a dose level of 8 ov/1000 ft3, which is the level currently used commercially as a quarantine treatment for grapefruit being shipped from Florida to Japan, or at 16 ov/1000 ft3 in the case of fruits for which no effective dosage has been established. Samples of fruit were taken at various intervals after fumigation and assayed for residues of EDB by using steam distillation for separation and purification and gas chromatography with an electron capture detector to quantitate. Inorganic bromides were not determined. The data (see table) indicate that the amount of EDB absorbed and retained is highly dependent on both the type of fruit fumigated and the amount of fumigant applied.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0276-3656
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/iat/6.1.178a
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 1981
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2048862-2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Gas Propelled Aerosols and Dusts Against Caribbean Fruit Flies in Simulated Aircraft Tests 1975-1976
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 1977
    In:  Insecticide and Acaricide Tests Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 1977-01-01), p. 38-38
    Details
    In: Insecticide and Acaricide Tests, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 1977-01-01), p. 38-38
    Abstract: Aircraft disinsection tests were made against the Caribbean fruit fly Anastrepha suspensa (Loew) in Miami, FL. As a part of a continuing series of insecticide screening trials to evaluate the toxicants for use in the control of insects on international aircraft flights. Flies were encaged in open-ended, screened pint ice cream cartons (4 cages/test, 200 flies/cage) and the cages attached to walls within the testing space. Semi trailers (ca 2000 ft3) were used to simulate aircraft volume. Test insects were 1 to 2 weeks old, laboratory reared, fruit flies. Insecticides were formulated as aerosols or dusts. Aerosols were applied from conventional spray cans (Freon 11 and 12 propellant); dusts were "shot" from a cartrige by a CO2 or compressed air charge. Insects were removed from treated area 30 minutes after insecticide release (10 minutes in the closed test space, plus 20 minutes with the door open for ventilation of the treated space). Knock Down (KD) was recorded for the flies in the cages at 30 minutes post treatment, and mortality at 24 hr. All tests were performed at 20-25°C air temperatures inside the trailers.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0276-3656
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/iat/2.1.38
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 1977
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2048862-2
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Aerosol, Dust, and ULV Concentrate Insecticides Tested for Quarantine Use Against Caribbean Fruit Fly, 1977 and 1978
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 1979
    In:  Insecticide and Acaricide Tests Vol. 4, No. 1 ( 1979-01-01), p. 41-42
    Details
    In: Insecticide and Acaricide Tests, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 4, No. 1 ( 1979-01-01), p. 41-42
    Abstract: These reported data were obtained in a continuing series of tests of toxicants for use against tropical fruit flies of quarantine importance. The Caribbean fruit flies, Anastrephasuspensa (Loew), used in the tests were from the insect colony established at the Subtropical Horticulture Research Unit at Miami, Florida! Tests were done in empty commercial semitrailer vans (ca. 713 volume) located at various trailer and container leasing firms in the Miami area. One-wk-old adult flies were caged in fabricated, open-ended, screened, pint ice-cream containers (4 cages/test, ca. 200 flies/cage), and the cages were attached to three walls and the ceiling of the van. Insecticides were formulated (1) as dusts (HiSil 233 carrier) and propelled with CO2 gas; (2) as aerosols formulated with Freon or with water and propane/isobutane and released from aerosol pressurized cans; or (3) as E. C.’s applied with Micro-gen or Microsol sprayers. Rates of application were as stated in the table. The exposure to the toxicants lasted 30 minutes, 10 with the van doors closed and the other 20 with one door open. Insect knock down (K.D.) counts were made when the cages were removed at 30 minutes. Mortality counts were made at 24-hr postexposure. Average temperatures during the exposure and holding periods was 25°C. Except when KD and 24-hr mortality were very low (i.e., Lilly L-28 in 1977), all tests were replicated at least twice. All KD and 24-hr mortality counts were corrected by using Abbott’s formula and averaging.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0276-3656
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/iat/4.1.41b
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 1979
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Phosphine as a Fumigant for Grapefruit Infested by Caribbean Fruit Fly Larvae
    JSTOR ; 1976
    In:  The Florida Entomologist Vol. 59, No. 3 ( 1976-09), p. 285-
    Details
    In: The Florida Entomologist, JSTOR, Vol. 59, No. 3 ( 1976-09), p. 285-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0015-4040
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2307/3494262
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: JSTOR
    Publication Date: 1976
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1439588-5
    SSG: 12
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  • 5
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    Online Resource
    Evaluation of Materials for Ovitrap Paddles in Aedes aeygpit Surveillance12
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 1970
    In:  Journal of Economic Entomology Vol. 63, No. 3 ( 1970-06-01), p. 1013-1014
    Details
    In: Journal of Economic Entomology, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 63, No. 3 ( 1970-06-01), p. 1013-1014
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1938-291X , 0022-0493
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/jee/63.3.1013
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 1970
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2477182-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2030999-5
    SSG: 12
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Gas Propelled Aerosols and Micronized Dusts Against Caribbean Fruit Flies in Simulated Aircraft Tests 1971 - 1973
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 1977
    In:  Insecticide and Acaricide Tests Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 1977-01-01), p. 36-36
    Details
    In: Insecticide and Acaricide Tests, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 2, No. 1 ( 1977-01-01), p. 36-36
    Abstract: In 1971, 1972, and 1973 aircraft disinsection tests were made against the Caribbean fruit fly Anastrepha suspensa (Loew) in Miami, FL. This screening program was made to select promising insecticides for use on international aircraft flights to control the spread of fruit flies into or out of the United States. In 1971 and 1972 free flying insects were used (ca. 800 insects released/test). In 1973 flies were encaged in openended, screened pint ice cream cartons (4 cages with ca. 200 flies/cage). The 4 cages were attached to walls at various locations within test space. Semi trailers of 2000 to 2500 ft"* capacities were used to simulate aircraft volumes in 1971-72; in 1973, tests were done in empty rooms in an abandoned military barrack building. Test insects were laboratory reared, 1 to 2 week-old fruit flies. Insecticides were formulated as aerosols or dusts. Aerosols were applied from conventional aerosol spray cans; dusts were "shot" from a cartridge by a CO2 or compressed air charge. Insects were removed from the treated area at 30 minutes after insecticide release (10 minutes in the closed test space plus 20 minutes with 1 door opened for ventilation of treated space). Knock Down (KD) was recorded at 30 minutes and fly mortality at 24 hours posttreatment. In residue tests, the flies were exposed to the toxicant for a period of 1 hr, five hours after toxicant application. Knock down at 0.5 hr and 24 hr post exposure mortalities were determined. All tests were performed at temperatures between 20 and 30°C. Average daily temperature was 25°C.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0276-3656
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/iat/2.1.36
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 1977
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2048862-2
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Candidate Pesticides for Quarantine use Against Tropical Fruit Flies, 1981-1985
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 1986
    In:  Insecticide and Acaricide Tests Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 1986-01-01), p. 440-442
    Details
    In: Insecticide and Acaricide Tests, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 11, No. 1 ( 1986-01-01), p. 440-442
    Abstract: Seventy-eight insecticides combinations of insecticides, or different doses of toxicant were evaluated against laboratory reared fruit flies. These toxicants were evaluated foi use in preventing the international spread of agriculturally important fruit flies. The toxicants were evaluated as aerosols and dusts. The test insect-were confined in 1 pt screened cages attached to the midpoint of 3 walls and the ceilings of transport trailers with a volume of ca. 70 m3 (4 cages/trailer). There were ca. 100 adult flies per cage and tests were generally replicated 3 or more times.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0276-3656
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/iat/11.1.440a
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 1986
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Insecticides Evaluated for Quarantine Use Against Caribbean Fruit Fly, 1979 and 1980
    Oxford University Press (OUP) ; 1981
    In:  Insecticide and Acaricide Tests Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 1981-01-01), p. 178-179
    Details
    In: Insecticide and Acaricide Tests, Oxford University Press (OUP), Vol. 6, No. 1 ( 1981-01-01), p. 178-179
    Abstract: Thirty-one insecticides, combinations of insecticides and varying dose rates of toxicants were evaluated for use on international aircraft flights. Laboratory strain flies were caged In screen-capped 1-pint cardboard ice-cream cartons, ca. 100 adult flies/cage, and 4 cages were used for each test replicate. A 71-M empty trailer van provided a test area simulating the interior space of an aircraft. One cage was taped to each of three walls (right, left, and front) at ca. 1.5 M high and one to the van ceiling (ca. 3 M high) at a central location. Dusts were formulated with HiSil 233 as an inert carrier and propelled with a pressurized CO2 cylinder. Aerosols were released from standard pressurized hand-held cans. The emulsifiable concentrates (EC) and ultra low volume concentrates (ULV) were applied with portable power-operated equipment. Aerosols were released inside closed trailers, sprays and dusts introduced through the right rear door. The insect toxicant exposure period was 30 minutes, 10 minutes with the van doors closed and 20 more with one door open. The cages containing the flies were then removed and 30-minute knock down (KD) counts made. At 24 hours following toxicant exposure a final mortality count was made. The average temperatures during the test period were 23°C in the April 1979 tests and 20°C in the April 1980 tests in Miami, Florida. Most tests were replicated 3 or 4 times except where noted differently. Tabulated mortality data is the mean for the replicates corrected for control mortality.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0276-3656
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1093/iat/6.1.178b
    Language: English
    Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
    Publication Date: 1981
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Phytotoxic Responses of Florida Grapefruit to Low-dose Irradiation
    American Society for Horticultural Science ; 1984
    In:  Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science Vol. 109, No. 5 ( 1984-09), p. 607-610
    Details
    In: Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, American Society for Horticultural Science, Vol. 109, No. 5 ( 1984-09), p. 607-610
    Abstract: Seven irradiation tests (with exposures of 0, 7.5, 15, 30, 60 and 90 krad) were conducted on 26 lots of grapefruit throughout the 1981–82 and early 1982–83 citrus seasons. Fruit treated with 60 and 90 krad showed rind breakdown and scald after storage for 28 days at optimum temperatures. Scald was the dominant injury in early-season fruit in tests conducted during Oct. and Dec. 1981 and Sept, and Oct. 1982. Rind breakdown, especially pitting, was the dominant injury in all other tests with midseason and late-season fruit. At the 7.5-, and 15-, and 30-krad exposures, injury was minimal, and fruit exposed to these dosages were acceptable. Although some 60- and 90-krad exposures resulted in excessive injury, 2 tests at 60 and 90 krad were acceptable with early fruit. In some instances, injured areas developed decay after storage and marketing conditions at 21°C.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0003-1062 , 2327-9788
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.21273/JASHS.109.5.607
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Society for Horticultural Science
    Publication Date: 1984
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2040057-3
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