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  • 11
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    Online Resource
    Genetic and Environmental Influences on Blood Pressure and Serum Lipids Across Age-Groups
    Cambridge University Press (CUP) ; 2023
    In:  Twin Research and Human Genetics Vol. 26, No. 3 ( 2023-06), p. 223-230
    Details
    In: Twin Research and Human Genetics, Cambridge University Press (CUP), Vol. 26, No. 3 ( 2023-06), p. 223-230
    Abstract: Aging plays a crucial role in the mechanisms of the impacts of genetic and environmental factors on blood pressure and serum lipids. However, to our knowledge, how the influence of genetic and environmental factors on the correlation between blood pressure and serum lipids changes with age remains to be determined. In this study, data from the Chinese National Twin Registry (CNTR) were used. Resting blood pressure, including systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), and fasting serum lipids, including total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and triglycerides (TGs) were measured in 2378 participants (1189 twin pairs). Univariate and bivariate structural equation models examined the genetic and environmental influences on blood pressure and serum lipids among three age groups. All phenotypes showed moderate to high heritability (0.37–0.59) and moderate unique environmental variance (0.30–0.44). The heritability of all phenotypes showed a decreasing trend with age. Among all phenotypes, SBP and DBP showed a significant monotonic decreasing trend. For phenotype-phenotype pairs, the phenotypic correlation (Rph) of each pair ranged from −0.04 to 0.23, and the additive genetic correlation (Ra) ranged from 0.00 to 0.36. For TC & SBP, TC & DBP, TG & SBP and TGs & DBP, both the Rph and Ra declined with age, and the Ra difference between the young group and the older adult group is statistically significant ( p 〈 .05). The unique environmental correlation (Re) of each pair did not follow any pattern with age and remained relatively stable with age. In summary, we observed that the heritability of blood pressure was affected by age. Moreover, blood pressure and serum lipids shared common genetic backgrounds, and age had an impact on the phenotypic correlation and genetic correlations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1832-4274 , 1839-2628
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1017/thg.2023.25
    Language: English
    Publisher: Cambridge University Press (CUP)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2184274-7
    SSG: 12
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  • 12
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    Overweight and risk of type 2 diabetes: A prospective Chinese twin study
    Elsevier BV ; 2022
    In:  Diabetes & Metabolism Vol. 48, No. 3 ( 2022-05), p. 101278-
    Details
    In: Diabetes & Metabolism, Elsevier BV, Vol. 48, No. 3 ( 2022-05), p. 101278-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1262-3636
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2021.101278
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2049824-X
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  • 13
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    Minimal improvement in coronary artery disease risk prediction in Chinese population using polygenic risk scores: Evidence from the China Kadoorie Biobank
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2023
    In:  Chinese Medical Journal Vol. Publish Ahead of Print ( 2023-05-17)
    Details
    In: Chinese Medical Journal, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. Publish Ahead of Print ( 2023-05-17)
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0366-6999 , 2542-5641
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000002694
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2108782-9
    SSG: 6,25
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  • 14
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    Education, income, and obesity: A nationwide Chinese twin study
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Obesity Vol. 30, No. 4 ( 2022-04), p. 931-942
    Details
    In: Obesity, Wiley, Vol. 30, No. 4 ( 2022-04), p. 931-942
    Abstract: This study aimed to examine the association of socioeconomic status with obesity. Methods A total of 39,262 twin individuals were included from the Chinese National Twin Registry (CNTR). Generalized estimating equation models for unmatched twin individual analyses and conditional logistic regression for the co‐twin matched design were used. Inference about Causation through Examination of FAmiliaL CONfounding (ICE FALCON) was used to explore the evidence of a causal relationship. Results In general estimating equation models, high education level and income were associated with lower risk of obesity (odds ratio [OR] = 0.74 [95% CI: 0.65 to 0.84] and 0.86 [95% CI: 0.77 to 0.96]). In conditional logistic regression analysis, the association with education was significant (OR = 0.50 [95% CI: 0.34 to 0.74] ) but the association with income was insignificant (OR = 0.74 [95% CI: 0.48 to 1.15]). From the ICE FALCON analysis, a twin’s obesity was associated with the co‐twin’s education and income. After adjusting for the twin’s own education, the association disappeared ( = −0.10 [95% CI: −0.26 to 0.07] ), whereas the twin’s obesity was still associated with the co‐twin’s income but attenuated toward the null ( = −0.21 [95% CI: −0.36 to −0.06]). Conclusions Socioeconomic status is negatively associated with obesity. Education may have a causal effect on obesity, whereas the association between income and obesity is confounded by familial factors.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1930-7381 , 1930-739X
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/oby.23390
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2027211-X
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  • 15
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    Cardiometabolic Traits in Adult Twins: Heritability and BMI Impact with Age
    MDPI AG ; 2022
    In:  Nutrients Vol. 15, No. 1 ( 2022-12-29), p. 164-
    Details
    In: Nutrients, MDPI AG, Vol. 15, No. 1 ( 2022-12-29), p. 164-
    Abstract: Background: The prevalence of obesity and cardiometabolic diseases continues to rise globally and obesity is a significant risk factor for cardiometabolic diseases. However, to our knowledge, evidence of the relative roles of genes and the environment underlying obesity and cardiometabolic disease traits and the correlations between them are still lacking, as is how they change with age. Method: Data were obtained from the Chinese National Twin Registry (CNTR). A total of 1421 twin pairs were included. Univariate structural equation models (SEMs) were performed to evaluate the heritability of BMI and cardiometabolic traits, which included blood hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Bivariate SEMs were used to assess the genetic/environmental correlations between them. The study population was divided into three groups for analysis: ≤50, 51–60, and 〉 60 years old to assess the changes in heritability and genetic/environmental correlations with ageing. Results: Univariate SEMs showed a high heritability of BMI (72%) and cardiometabolic traits, which ranged from 30% (HbA1c) to 69% (HDL-C). With age increasing, the heritability of all phenotypes has different degrees of declining trends. Among these, BMI, SBP, and DBP presented significant monotonous declining trends. The bivariate SEMs indicated that BMI correlated with all cardiometabolic traits. The genetic correlations were estimated to range from 0.14 (BMI and LDL-C) to 0.39 (BMI and DBP), while the environmental correlations ranged from 0.13 (BMI and TC/LDL-C) to 0.31 (BMI and TG). The genetic contributions underlying the correlations between BMI and SBP and DBP, TC, TG, and HDL-C showed a progressive decrease as age groups increased. In contrast, environmental correlations displayed a significant increasing trend for HbA1c, SBP, and DBP. Conclusions: The findings suggest that genetic and environmental factors have essential effects on BMI and all cardiometabolic traits. However, as age groups increased, genetic influences presented varying degrees of decrement for BMI and most cardiometabolic traits, suggesting the increasing importance of environments. Genetic factors played a consistently larger role than environmental factors in the phenotypic correlations between BMI and cardiometabolic traits. Nevertheless, the relative magnitudes of genetic and environmental factors may change over time.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2072-6643
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.3390/nu15010164
    Language: English
    Publisher: MDPI AG
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2518386-2
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  • 16
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    Abstract P218: Carotid Intima-media Thickness and Incident End-stage Renal Disease: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2016
    In:  Circulation Vol. 133, No. suppl_1 ( 2016-03)
    Details
    In: Circulation, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 133, No. suppl_1 ( 2016-03)
    Abstract: Introduction: Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) has been reported to predict kidney function decline. However, whether carotid IMT is associated with a hard kidney endpoint, end-stage renal disease (ESRD), has not been investigated. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that increased carotid IMT is associated with ESRD risk. Methods: We studied 13,197 ARIC participants at visit 1 (1987-1989) without history of cardiovascular disease including coronary heart disease, stroke and heart failure and assessed whether carotid IMT measured by B-mode ultrasound is associated with ESRD risk using Cox proportional-hazards models. Regarding carotid IMT parameters, we investigated the mean and maximum values of overall and segment-specific (common, bifurcation and internal carotid arteries) measurements. Results: Mean age was 54.0 (SD 5.7) years, and there were 3,373 (25.6%) blacks and 7,370 (55.8%) women. During a median follow-up of 22.7 years, 433 participants developed ESRD (1.4/1,000 person-years). After adjusting for shared risk factors for atherosclerosis and kidney disease, including baseline kidney function, carotid IMT was significantly associated with ESRD risk (hazard ratios between quartiles 4 and 1, 1.43 [95%CI: 1.01-2.04] for overall mean IMT and 1.73 [95%CI: 1.22-2.44] for overall maximum IMT). The associations were largely consistent in demographic and clinical subgroups. When we explored segment-specific IMTs, the associations with ESRD were most robust for bifurcation carotid. The adjusted hazard ratios between quartiles 4 and 1 were 1.48 (95%CI: 1.04-2.11) for mean bifurcation IMT and 1.42 (95%CI: 0.99-2.03) for maximum bifurcation IMT. Conclusions: Carotid IMT was independently associated with incident ESRD in the general population. Our findings suggest the shared etiology between atherosclerosis and ESRD and highlight the importance of monitoring kidney function over time in individuals with subclinical atherosclerosis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0009-7322 , 1524-4539
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/circ.133.suppl_1.p218
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2016
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1466401-X
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  • 17
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    Abstract 10959: Phenotypic Age Mediates the Effects of Life's Simple 7 on Reduced Mortality Risk in the US Adults
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2021
    In:  Circulation Vol. 144, No. Suppl_1 ( 2021-11-16)
    Details
    In: Circulation, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 144, No. Suppl_1 ( 2021-11-16)
    Abstract: Background: Phenotypic age, a newly developed marker for biological aging, improves risk prediction for adverse health events than chronological age. "Life’s Simple 7" (LS7) is a set of 7 recommended healthy lifestyle metrics proposed by the AHA to improve cardiovascular health. It is unknown, however, whether phenotypic age mediates the protective effects of healthy lifestyles on cardiovascular disease (CVD)- and all-cause mortality. Methods: Prospective analyses were performed using NHANES 1999-2010 data (6 cycles) on 9842 adults with linked death records till Dec 31, 2015. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) were estimated for phenotypic age, LS7-score, and LS7’s individual components for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Mediation analyses were performed using structural equation modeling. Results: One point increment in LS7-score was associated with a 0.92 (95% CI 0.87-0.98) year younger in phenotypic age, independent of general demographic characteristics and chronological age. During a median of 10.33-year follow-up, 1616 deaths were recorded, 323 being cardiovascular. One year increment in phenotypic age was associated with a higher risk of all-cause (aHR=1.05, 95% CI 1.04-1.05) and cardiovascular (1.04 [1.03-1.06]) mortality. The mediation analysis revealed that phenotypic age was estimated to mediate 66% and 42% of the total effects of LS7 on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, respectively. Conclusion: Our data indicate that adherence to LS7 guidelines significantly slows down biological aging, which results in a prolonged lifespan as well as a reduced risk of cardiovascular mortality.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0009-7322 , 1524-4539
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/circ.144.suppl_1.10959
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1466401-X
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  • 18
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    New Therapy via Targeting Androgen Receptor in Monocytes/Macrophages to Battle Atherosclerosis
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2014
    In:  Hypertension Vol. 63, No. 6 ( 2014-06), p. 1345-1353
    Details
    In: Hypertension, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 63, No. 6 ( 2014-06), p. 1345-1353
    Abstract: The male sex has a higher risk to develop coronary artery diseases, including atherosclerosis. The androgen receptor (AR) is expressed in several atherosclerosis-associated cell types, including monocytes/macrophages, endothelial cells (ECs), and smooth muscle cells (SMCs), but its pathophysiological role in each cell type during the development of atherosclerotic lesions remains unclear. Using the Cre-loxP system, we selectively knocked out AR in these 3 cell types and the resultant AR knockout (ARKO) mice, monocyte/macrophage ARKO, EC-ARKO, and SMC-ARKO, were then crossed with the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) deficient (LDLR −/− ) mice to develop monocyte/macrophage ARKO-LDLR −/− , EC-ARKO-LDLR −/− , and SMC-ARKO-LDLR −/− mice for the study of atherosclerosis. The results showed that the monocyte/macrophage ARKO-LDLR −/− mice had reduced atherosclerosis compared with the wild-type-LDLR −/− control mice. However, no significant difference was detected in EC-ARKO-LDLR −/− and SMC-ARKO-LDLR −/− mice compared with wild-type-LDLR −/− mice, suggesting that the AR in monocytes/macrophages, and not in ECs and SMCs, plays a major role to promote atherosclerosis. Molecular mechanism dissection suggested that AR in monocytes/macrophages upregulated the tumor necrosis factor-α, integrin β2, and lectin-type oxidized LDL receptor 1 molecules that are involved in 3 major inflammation-related processes in atherosclerosis, including monocytes/macrophages migration and adhesion to human umbilical vein ECs, and subsequent foam cell formation. Targeting AR via the AR degradation enhancer, ASC-J9, in wild-type-LDLR −/− mice showed similar effects as seen in monocyte/macrophage ARKO-LDLR −/− mice with little influence on lipid profile. In conclusion, the AR in monocytes/macrophages plays key roles in atherosclerosis and targeting AR with ASC-J9 may represent a new potential therapeutic approach to battle atherosclerosis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0194-911X , 1524-4563
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.113.02804
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2094210-2
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  • 19
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    CO 2 electroreduction to ethylene via hydroxide-mediated copper catalysis at an abrupt interface
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ; 2018
    In:  Science Vol. 360, No. 6390 ( 2018-05-18), p. 783-787
    Details
    In: Science, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Vol. 360, No. 6390 ( 2018-05-18), p. 783-787
    Abstract: Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) electroreduction could provide a useful source of ethylene, but low conversion efficiency, low production rates, and low catalyst stability limit current systems. Here we report that a copper electrocatalyst at an abrupt reaction interface in an alkaline electrolyte reduces CO 2 to ethylene with 70% faradaic efficiency at a potential of −0.55 volts versus a reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). Hydroxide ions on or near the copper surface lower the CO 2 reduction and carbon monoxide (CO)–CO coupling activation energy barriers; as a result, onset of ethylene evolution at −0.165 volts versus an RHE in 10 molar potassium hydroxide occurs almost simultaneously with CO production. Operational stability was enhanced via the introduction of a polymer-based gas diffusion layer that sandwiches the reaction interface between separate hydrophobic and conductive supports, providing constant ethylene selectivity for an initial 150 operating hours.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0036-8075 , 1095-9203
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1126/science.aas9100
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 128410-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2066996-3
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2060783-0
    SSG: 11
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  • 20
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    Association between 4-dimension lifestyle pattern and 10-year mortality risk in Chinese individuals older than 65: a population-based cohort study
    Impact Journals, LLC ; 2021
    In:  Aging Vol. 13, No. 6 ( 2021-03-31), p. 8835-8848
    Details
    In: Aging, Impact Journals, LLC, Vol. 13, No. 6 ( 2021-03-31), p. 8835-8848
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1945-4589
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.18632/aging.v13i6
    DOI: 10.18632/aging.202695
    Language: English
    Publisher: Impact Journals, LLC
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2535337-8
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