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  • 11
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    Online Resource
    Associations of maternal and fetal SCD-1 markers with infant anthropometry and maternal diet: Findings from the ROLO study
    Elsevier BV ; 2020
    In:  Clinical Nutrition Vol. 39, No. 7 ( 2020-07), p. 2129-2136
    Details
    In: Clinical Nutrition, Elsevier BV, Vol. 39, No. 7 ( 2020-07), p. 2129-2136
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0261-5614
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2019.08.030
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2009052-3
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  • 12
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    Positive and Negative Regulation of Vertebrate Separase by Cdk1-Cyclin B1 May Explain Why Securin Is Dispensable
    Elsevier BV ; 2015
    In:  Journal of Biological Chemistry Vol. 290, No. 12 ( 2015-03), p. 8002-8010
    Details
    In: Journal of Biological Chemistry, Elsevier BV, Vol. 290, No. 12 ( 2015-03), p. 8002-8010
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-9258
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M114.615310
    Language: English
    Publisher: Elsevier BV
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2141744-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1474604-9
    SSG: 12
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  • 13
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    Thermodynamic and kinetic theory of nucleation, deliquescence and efflorescence transitions in the ensemble of droplets on soluble particles
    AIP Publishing ; 2013
    In:  The Journal of Chemical Physics Vol. 138, No. 5 ( 2013-02-07)
    Details
    In: The Journal of Chemical Physics, AIP Publishing, Vol. 138, No. 5 ( 2013-02-07)
    Abstract: Thermodynamic and kinetic peculiarities of nucleation, deliquescence and efflorescence transitions in the ensemble of droplets formed on soluble condensation nuclei from a solvent vapor have been considered. The interplay of the effects of solubility and the size of condensation nuclei has been analyzed. Activation barriers for the deliquescence and phase transitions and for the reverse efflorescence transition have been determined as functions of the relative humidity of the vapor-gas atmosphere, initial size, and solubility of condensation nuclei. It has been demonstrated that, upon variations in the relative humidity of the atmosphere, the crossover in thermodynamically stable and unstable variables of the droplet state takes place. The physical meaning of stable and unstable variables has been clarified. The kinetic equations for establishing equilibrium and steady distributions of binary droplets have been solved. The specific times for relaxation, deliquescence and efflorescence transitions have been calculated.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0021-9606 , 1089-7690
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1063/1.4789309
    Language: English
    Publisher: AIP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3113-6
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1473050-9
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  • 14
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    Defining relative humidity in terms of water activity: III. Relations to dew-point and frost-point temperatures
    IOP Publishing ; 2022
    In:  Metrologia Vol. 59, No. 4 ( 2022-08-01), p. 045013-
    Details
    In: Metrologia, IOP Publishing, Vol. 59, No. 4 ( 2022-08-01), p. 045013-
    Abstract: Relative humidity (RH) is a fundamental quantity used in many fields of engineering and science, and in particular in meteorology and climate research. Relative fugacity (RF) and, equivalently, relative activity of water vapour in humid air have recently been proposed as a physically well-founded, unambiguous common metrological reference quantity for several conventional but mutually inconsistent definitions of RH. The RF definition is valid is valid under real-gas conditions and above boiling and sublimation temperatures. While differences between RH and RF mostly remain within uncertainties of typical present-day RH measurements, such systematic discrepancies are expected to be of substantial climatological relevance. Consequently, interdisciplinary harmonisation of RH definitions is overdue within the SI framework. Dew-point and frost-point temperatures are preferred measurands in humidity metrology using, for example, chilled-mirror hygrometers. Here, relations are presented for estimating RF from those temperatures, based on equations of state of the 2011 IUGG 6 5 IUGG: International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, https://iugg.org/ . standard TEOS-10, the ‘international thermodynamic equation of seawater—2010’. Recommendations are given for numerically computing RF using the open-source TEOS-10 SIA library 6 6 SIA Library: Sea-Ice-Air Library of TEOS-10, http://teos-10.org . . The asymptotic limiting laws of RF for nearly saturated humid air exhibit the familiar form of Clausius–Clapeyron-like equations, despite departing from ideal-gas assumptions. Under various practical conditions, these simple equations may cover the full humidity range with only minor residuals compared to the full numerical TEOS-10 solution for RF.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0026-1394 , 1681-7575
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1088/1681-7575/ac7185
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: IOP Publishing
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1460891-1
    SSG: 11
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  • 15
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    Metabolomic Biomarkers for Obesity in Humans: A Short Review
    S. Karger AG ; 2014
    In:  Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism Vol. 64, No. 3-4 ( 2014), p. 314-324
    Details
    In: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, S. Karger AG, Vol. 64, No. 3-4 ( 2014), p. 314-324
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Background: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 The prevalence and incidence of obesity have become a major public health problem during the last decades, but the underlying biochemical and metabolic processes are not fully understood. Metabolomics, the science of small molecules of the metabolism, is helping to unravel these mechanisms via the identification of markers related to obesity. These biomarkers are used to prevent diseases in later life or for the early diagnosis of diseases. This review focuses on articles dealing with biomarkers for obesity. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Key Messages: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), nonesterified fatty acids, organic acids, acylcarnitines, and phospholipids were identified as potential biomarkers for obesity. This indicates a relation between elevated BCAA, and other amino acids, and the obese state. Furthermore, deregulation of β-oxidation is associated with the development of obesity. The results have several limitations, including the differing ages of the subjects in the studies, the fact that all of the studies had a case-control design and therefore no causal explanatory power, and that most looked for similar metabolites and reported almost equal results. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Conclusion: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 The strength of this review is that it gives a comprehensive overview of the current status of the knowledge on metabolomics biomarkers for obesity, but further research is needed because the methods used in the studies to date are very homogenous, e.g. most used a targeted approach and therefore analyzed almost the same group of metabolites. Moreover, prospective studies are lacking since all of the studies are either case-control or cross-sectional studies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0250-6807 , 1421-9697
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000365040
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481977-6
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  • 16
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    Regulation of Early Human Growth: Impact on Long-Term Health
    S. Karger AG ; 2014
    In:  Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism Vol. 65, No. 2-3 ( 2014), p. 101-109
    Details
    In: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, S. Karger AG, Vol. 65, No. 2-3 ( 2014), p. 101-109
    Abstract: Growth and development are central characteristics of childhood. Deviations from normal growth can indicate serious health challenges. The adverse impact of early growth faltering and malnutrition on later health has long been known. In contrast, the impact of rapid early weight and body fat gain on programming of later disease risk have only recently received increased attention. Numerous observational studies related diet in early childhood and rapid early growth to the risk of later obesity and associated disorders. Causality was confirmed in a large, double-blind randomised trial testing the ‘Early Protein Hypothesis'. In this trial we found that attenuation of protein supply in infancy normalized early growth and markedly reduced obesity prevalence in early school age. These results indicate the need to describe and analyse growth patterns and their regulation through diet in more detail and to characterize the underlying metabolic and epigenetic mechanisms, given the potential major relevance for public health and policy. Better understanding of growth patterns and their regulation could have major benefits for the promotion of public health, consumer-orientated nutrition recommendations, and the development of improved food products for specific target populations.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0250-6807 , 1421-9697
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000365873
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481977-6
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  • 17
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    An individual participant data meta-analysis on metabolomics profiles for obesity and insulin resistance in European children
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2019
    In:  Scientific Reports Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2019-03-25)
    Details
    In: Scientific Reports, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 9, No. 1 ( 2019-03-25)
    Abstract: Childhood obesity prevalence is rising in countries worldwide. A variety of etiologic factors contribute to childhood obesity but little is known about underlying biochemical mechanisms. We performed an individual participant meta-analysis including 1,020 pre-pubertal children from three European studies and investigated the associations of 285 metabolites measured by LC/MS-MS with BMI z-score, height, weight, HOMA, and lipoprotein concentrations. Seventeen metabolites were significantly associated with BMI z-score. Sphingomyelin (SM) 32:2 showed the strongest association with BMI z-score (P = 4.68 × 10 −23 ) and was also closely related to weight, and less strongly to height and LDL, but not to HOMA. Mass spectrometric analyses identified SM 32:2 as myristic acid containing SM d18:2/14:0. Thirty-five metabolites were significantly associated to HOMA index. Alanine showed the strongest positive association with HOMA (P = 9.77 × 10 −16 ), while acylcarnitines and non-esterified fatty acids were negatively associated with HOMA. SM d18:2/14:0 is a powerful marker for molecular changes in childhood obesity. Tracing back the origin of SM 32:2 to dietary source in combination with genetic predisposition will path the way for early intervention programs. Metabolic profiling might facilitate risk prediction and personalized interventions in overweight children.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 2045-2322
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41449-x
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2615211-3
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  • 18
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    Cord Blood Metabolome Is Highly Associated with Birth Weight, but Less Predictive for Later Weight Development
    S. Karger AG ; 2017
    In:  Obesity Facts Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2017), p. 85-100
    Details
    In: Obesity Facts, S. Karger AG, Vol. 10, No. 2 ( 2017), p. 85-100
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Background/Aims: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Fetal metabolism may be changed by the exposure to maternal factors, and the route to obesity may already set in utero. Cord blood metabolites might predict growth patterns and later obesity. We aimed to characterize associations of cord blood with birth weight, postnatal weight gain, and BMI in adolescence. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Methods: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Over 700 cord blood samples were collected from infants participating in the German birth cohort study LISAplus. Glycerophospholipid fatty acids (GPL-FA), polar lipids, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), and amino acids were analyzed with a targeted, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry based metabolomics platform. Cord blood metabolites were related to growth factors by linear regression models adjusted for confounding variables. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Cord blood metabolites were highly associated with birth weight. Lysophosphatidylcholines C16:1, C18:1, C20:3, C18:2, C20:4, C14:0, C16:0, C18:3, GPL-FA C20:3n-9, and GPL-FA C22:5n-6 were positively related to birth weight, while higher cord blood concentrations of NEFA C22:6, NEFA C20:5, GPL-FA C18:3n-3, and PCe C38:0 were associated with lower birth weight. Postnatal weight gain and BMI z-scores in adolescents were not significantly associated with cord blood metabolites after adjustment for multiple testing. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Conclusion: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Potential long-term programming effects of the intrauterine environment and metabolism on later health cannot be predicted with profiling of the cord blood metabolome.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1662-4025 , 1662-4033
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000453001
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2455819-9
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  • 19
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    Multifocal Stromal Invasion in Microinvasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Cervix: How to Measure and Stage these Lesions
    Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health) ; 2002
    In:  International Journal of Gynecological Pathology Vol. 21, No. 4 ( 2002-10), p. 416-417
    Details
    In: International Journal of Gynecological Pathology, Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), Vol. 21, No. 4 ( 2002-10), p. 416-417
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0277-1691
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1097/00004347-200210000-00013
    Language: English
    Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2071024-0
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  • 20
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    Rapid Growth and Childhood Obesity Are Strongly Associated with LysoPC(14:0)
    S. Karger AG ; 2014
    In:  Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism Vol. 64, No. 3-4 ( 2014), p. 294-303
    Details
    In: Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, S. Karger AG, Vol. 64, No. 3-4 ( 2014), p. 294-303
    Abstract: 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Background: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Despite the growing interest in the early-origins-of-later-disease hypothesis, little is known about the metabolic underpinnings linking infant weight gain and childhood obesity. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Objective: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 To discover biomarkers reflective of weight change in the first 6 months and overweight/obesity at age 6 years via a targeted metabolomics approach. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Design: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 This analysis comprised 726 infants from a European multicenter randomized trial (Childhood Obesity Programme, CHOP) for whom plasma blood samples at age 6 months and anthropometric data up to the age of 6 years were available. ‘Rapid growth' was defined as a positive difference in weight within the first 6 months of life standardized to WHO growth standards. Weight change was regressed on each of 168 metabolites (acylcarnitines, lysophosphatidylcholines, sphingomyelins, and amino acids). Metabolites significant after Bonferroni's correction were tested as predictors of later overweight/obesity. 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Results: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 Among the overall 19 significant metabolites, 4 were associated with rapid growth and 15 were associated with a less-than-ideal weight change. After adjusting for feeding group, only the lysophosphatidylcholine LPCaC14:0 remained significantly associated with rapid weight gain (β = 0.18). Only LPCaC14:0 at age 6 months was predictive of overweight/obesity at age 6 years (OR 1.33; 95% CI 1.04-1.69). 〈 b 〉 〈 i 〉 Conclusion: 〈 /i 〉 〈 /b 〉 LPCa14:0 is strongly related to rapid growth in infancy and childhood overweight/obesity. This suggests that LPCaC14:0 levels may represent a metabolically programmed effect of infant weight gain on the later obesity risk. However, these results require confirmation by independent cohorts.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0250-6807 , 1421-9697
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1159/000365037
    Language: English
    Publisher: S. Karger AG
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481977-6
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