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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Improvement in Prediction of the Arctic Oscillation with a Realistic Ocean Initial Condition in a CGCM
    American Meteorological Society ; 2015
    In:  Journal of Climate Vol. 28, No. 22 ( 2015-11-15), p. 8951-8967
    Details
    In: Journal of Climate, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 28, No. 22 ( 2015-11-15), p. 8951-8967
    Abstract: This study verifies the impact of improved ocean initial conditions on the Arctic Oscillation (AO) forecast skill by assessing the one-month lead predictability of boreal winter AO using the Pusan National University (PNU) coupled general circulation model (CGCM). Hindcast experiments were performed on two versions of the model, one does not use assimilated ocean initial data (V1.0) and one does (V1.1), and the results were comparatively analyzed. The forecast skill of V1.1 was superior to that of V1.0 in terms of the correlation coefficient between the predicted and observed AO indices. In the regression analysis, V1.1 showed more realistic spatial similarities than V1.0 did in predicted sea surface temperature and atmospheric circulation fields. The authors suggest the relative importance of the contribution of the ocean initial condition to the AO forecast skill was because the ocean data assimilation increased the predictability of the AO, to some extent, through the improved interaction between tropical forcing induced by realistic sea surface temperature (SST) and atmospheric circulation. In V1.1, as in the observation, the cold equatorial Pacific SST anomalies generated the weakened tropical convection and Hadley circulation over the Pacific, resulting in a decelerated subtropical jet and accelerated polar front jet in the extratropics. The intensified polar front jet implies a stronger stratospheric polar vortex relevant to the positive AO phase; hence, surface manifestations of the reflected positive AO phase were then induced through the downward propagation of the stratospheric polar vortex. The results suggest that properly assimilated initial ocean conditions might contribute to improve the predictability of global oscillations, such as the AO, through large-scale tropical ocean–atmosphere interaction.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0894-8755 , 1520-0442
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00457.1
    RVK:
    UA 4548
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 246750-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021723-7
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  • 2
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    The Effect of Boreal Late Autumn Snow Cover over Western and Central China on the Northern Hemisphere Wintertime Blocking Frequency
    American Meteorological Society ; 2017
    In:  Journal of Climate Vol. 30, No. 22 ( 2017-11), p. 9027-9039
    Details
    In: Journal of Climate, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 30, No. 22 ( 2017-11), p. 9027-9039
    Abstract: The impact of snow cover in western and central China during late autumn on wintertime blocking occurrence is investigated using reanalysis data. The study results show that wintertime atmospheric circulations affected by late autumn snow cover anomalies form favorable conditions for increased blocking frequency (BF), especially in the North Pacific and North Atlantic. Evidence is also presented that the stratosphere–troposphere interactions are the key mechanism of the lag response of wintertime North Pacific and North Atlantic BFs to the late autumn snow cover. That is, positive anomalous snow cover can induce a dipole anomaly in the geopotential height field over the lower stratosphere, due to the decrease of the 300–1000-hPa thickness and the concurrent variation between the East Asian plateau jet and the polar front jet. The associated positive geopotential height anomalies are located over northwestern Eurasia. Meanwhile, western and central China shows remarkably negative geopotential height anomalies. Also, the corresponding atmospheric circulation in the lower stratosphere increases the Eliassen–Palm flux that propagates into the stratosphere through the constructive interference between the forced and climatological waves. The upward wave activity fluxes collapse the polar vortex in the stratosphere, resulting in the downward propagation of the geopotential and wind anomalies from the stratosphere. Consequently, the decreased zonal wind speed in the upper layer of the blocking region forms conditions favorable for wintertime blocking.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0894-8755 , 1520-0442
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0830.1
    RVK:
    UA 4548
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 246750-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021723-7
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  • 3
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    Forcing mechanism of the Silk Road pattern and the sensitivity of Rossby‐wave source hotspots to mean‐state winds
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society Vol. 147, No. 737 ( 2021-04), p. 2533-2546
    Details
    In: Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, Wiley, Vol. 147, No. 737 ( 2021-04), p. 2533-2546
    Abstract: The Silk Road pattern (SRP) is a leading mode of Eurasian atmospheric variability in boreal summer. It remains challenging for many models to predict the temporal phase of the SRP. This study investigates whether the forcing mechanism of the SRP can explain SRP prediction difficulty. Rossby‐wave sources (RWS) associated with the SRP are first identified in a reanalysis. An idealised barotropic model is then used to test wave propagation from all identified RWS, to isolate the relevant forcing locations of the SRP, namely the RWS hotspots. In addition to previous findings, a new hotspot in the central North Pacific is located, which can force the SRP by westward dispersion of a zonally elongated Rossby wave. Furthermore, a new mechanism of the Indian summer monsoon in forcing the SRP is discovered. Results also suggest that Rossby‐wave propagation by itself only explains a small fraction of the SRP amplitude, consistent with baroclinic energy conversion from the mean state, which has previously been shown to be vital for SRP growth—not represented in the idealised model. Seasonal hindcasts from the Pusan National University (PNU) coupled general circulation model are also analysed. The hindcasts can predict the SRP spatially but not temporally. Within a seasonal timescale, the hindcast develops an upper‐level mean‐state wind bias compared with the reanalysis, which is shown by the barotropic model to affect RWS hotspot locations of the SRP. While the reanalysis SRP is associated with North Atlantic sea‐surface temperature (SST) anomalies, the hindcast SRP is associated with tropical Pacific SST. Wind biases in the North Atlantic jet exit, subtropical western Pacific, and tropical Pacific are found to alter wave propagation from the North Atlantic and the North and tropical Pacific, respectively, and can explain the association of the SRP with different SSTs in the reanalysis and hindcast. This sensitivity of hotspots to mean‐state winds is proposed to reduce SRP prediction skill.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0035-9009 , 1477-870X
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/qj.v147.737
    DOI: 10.1002/qj.4039
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    RVK:
    UA 7650
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 3142-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2089168-4
    SSG: 14
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  • 4
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    One-Month-Lead Predictability of Asian Summer Monsoon Indices Based on the Zonal Winds by the APCC Multimodel Ensemble
    American Meteorological Society ; 2018
    In:  Journal of Climate Vol. 31, No. 21 ( 2018-11), p. 8945-8960
    Details
    In: Journal of Climate, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 31, No. 21 ( 2018-11), p. 8945-8960
    Abstract: The seasonal predictability of Asian summer monsoon indices characterizing horizontal and vertical zonal wind shear is investigated using 1-month-lead hindcast datasets from seven coupled global circulation models (CGCMs) participating in the operational multimodel ensemble (MME) seasonal prediction system of the Asia–Pacific Economic Cooperation Climate Center (APCC) for the 1983–2010 period. The summer monsoon indices analyzed in this study represent the South Asian summer monsoon (SASM), western North Pacific summer monsoon (WNPSM), and the newly defined northeastern Asian summer monsoon (NEASM). For the WNPSM and NEASM indices, we also analyze the prediction skill of the index components separately. The study demonstrates that the operational APCC MME system reliably predicts most of the summer monsoon indices and their components, with correlation coefficients exceeding the 99% confidence level. Analysis of the ocean sources of the prediction skill of the indices reveals that the strong relationships of most of the monsoon indices and their components with sea surface temperature (SST) are not confined to the equatorial Pacific but rather are dispersed throughout the World Ocean, with the leading role played by the north Indian Ocean SST anomalies. This conclusion is supported by the analysis of correlations between the monsoon indices and the tropical SST indices. The correlations between the SST anomalies and all the summer monsoon indices in the MME predictions are stronger than those in the observations. However, overestimation of the role of the ENSO-related SST anomalies in the seasonal model hindcasts results in some predictability deterioration of the SASM and NEASM indices.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0894-8755 , 1520-0442
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0816.1
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0816.s1
    RVK:
    UA 4548
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 246750-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021723-7
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  • 5
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    Combined Effects of the British–Baikal Corridor Pattern and the Silk Road Pattern on Eurasian Surface Air Temperatures in Summer
    American Meteorological Society ; 2021
    In:  Journal of Climate Vol. 34, No. 9 ( 2021-05), p. 3707-3720
    Details
    In: Journal of Climate, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 34, No. 9 ( 2021-05), p. 3707-3720
    Abstract: The summer British–Baikal Corridor pattern (BBC) and the Silk Road pattern (SRP) manifest as zonally oriented teleconnections in the high and middle latitudes, respectively, of the Eurasian continent. In this study, we investigate the combined effects of the BBC and SRP on surface air temperatures over the Eurasian continent. It is found that the combination of the BBC and SRP results in two kinds of well-organized, large-scale circulation anomalies: the zonal tripole pattern and the Ω-like pattern in the 200-hPa geopotential height anomalies. The zonal tripole pattern is characterized by opposite variations between western Siberia/western Asia and Europe/central Asia/central Siberia, and the Ω-like pattern manifests as consistent variations over midlatitude Europe, western Siberia, and central Asia. Correspondingly, the resultant large-scale surface air temperature anomalies feature the same zonal tripole pattern and Ω-like pattern, respectively. Further results indicate that these two patterns resemble the two leading modes of surface air temperature anomalies over the middle to high latitudes of Eurasia. This study indicates that the temperature variations in the middle and high latitudes of Eurasia can be coordinated and evidently explained by the combination of the BBC and SRP, and it contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the large-scale Eurasian climate variability.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0894-8755 , 1520-0442
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-20-0325.1
    RVK:
    UA 4548
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 246750-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021723-7
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  • 6
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    Comparison of Tropical Cyclone Activities over the Western North Pacific in CORDEX-East Asia Phase I and II Experiments
    American Meteorological Society ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Climate Vol. 33, No. 24 ( 2020-12-15), p. 10593-10607
    Details
    In: Journal of Climate, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 33, No. 24 ( 2020-12-15), p. 10593-10607
    Abstract: This study evaluated tropical cyclone (TC) activity simulated by two regional climate models (RCMs) incorporated in the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) framework with two different horizontal resolutions. Evaluation experiments with two RCMs (RegCM4 and MM5) forced by reanalysis data were conducted over the CORDEX-East Asia domain for phases I and II. The main difference between phases I and II is horizontal resolution (50 and 25 km). The 20-yr (1989–2008) mean performances of the experiments were investigated in terms of TC genesis, track, intensity, and TC-induced precipitation. In general, the simulated TC activities over the western North Pacific (WNP) varied depending on the model type and horizontal resolution. For both models, higher horizontal resolution improved the simulation of TC tracks near the coastal regions of East Asia, whereas the coarser horizontal resolution led to underestimated TC genesis compared with the best track data because of greater convective precipitation and enhanced atmospheric stabilization. In addition, the increased horizontal resolution prominently improved the simulation of TCs landfalling in East Asia and associated precipitation around coastal regions. This finding implies that high-resolution RCMs can improve the simulation of TC activities over the WNP (i.e., added value by increasing model resolution); thus, they have an advantage in climate change assessment studies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0894-8755 , 1520-0442
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-19-1014.1
    RVK:
    UA 4548
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 246750-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021723-7
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  • 7
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    Potential Predictability of the Silk Road Pattern and the Role of SST as Inferred from Seasonal Hindcast Experiments of a Coupled Climate Model
    American Meteorological Society ; 2020
    In:  Journal of Climate Vol. 33, No. 22 ( 2020-11-15), p. 9567-9580
    Details
    In: Journal of Climate, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 33, No. 22 ( 2020-11-15), p. 9567-9580
    Abstract: The Silk Road pattern (SR) is a leading mode of atmospheric circulation over midlatitude Eurasia in boreal summer. Its temporal phase is known to be unpredictable in many models. Previous studies have not reached a clear consensus on the role of sea surface temperature (SST) associated with SR. By comparing seasonal hindcasts from the Pusan National University (PNU) coupled general circulation model with reanalysis, we investigate if there are any sources of predictability originating from the SST. It was found that the PNU model cannot predict SR temporally. In fact, SR is associated with El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the model hindcasts, in contrast to reanalysis results in which SR is more associated with North Atlantic SST anomalies. The PNU system, however, shows potential predictability in SR associated with tropical Pacific SST. Bias in stationary Rossby waveguides is proposed as an explanation for the SR–ENSO relationship in hindcast runs. Model upper-level wind bias in the North Atlantic results in a less continuous waveguide connecting the North Atlantic to Asia, and may hinder wave propagations induced by North Atlantic SST to trigger SR. On the other hand, model upper-level wind bias in the subtropical western Pacific may favor westward propagation of zonally elongated waves from the ENSO region to trigger SR. This study implies that the role of SST with regard to SR can be substantially changed depending on the fidelity of model upper-level background winds.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0894-8755 , 1520-0442
    URL: Article
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-20-0235.1
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-20-0235.s1
    RVK:
    UA 4548
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 246750-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021723-7
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  • 8
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    Changes of Early Summer Precipitation in the Korean Peninsula and Nearby Regions Based on RCP Simulations
    American Meteorological Society ; 2015
    In:  Journal of Climate Vol. 28, No. 9 ( 2015-05-01), p. 3557-3578
    Details
    In: Journal of Climate, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 28, No. 9 ( 2015-05-01), p. 3557-3578
    Abstract: In this study, the projected regional precipitation changes over northeast Asia (NEA) during early summer [May–July (MJJ)] for the late twenty-first century (2071–2100) were investigated using a high-resolution regional climate model (WRF3.4) based on the representative concentration pathways (RCPs) induced by the global circulation model (HadGEM2-AO). The increased horizontal resolution of the regional model with a 12.5-km horizontal resolution enabled it to reproduce the terrain-following features reasonably well compared to low-resolution reanalysis and HadGEM2-AO model data. The results of a regionally downscaled historical (1981–2010) experiment (D_Historical) demonstrated the model’s ability to capture the spatial and temporal variations of rainband migrating meridionally during MJJ over NEA. According to the regional model projection, intensive precipitation will increase and the rainband will affect the Korean Peninsula approximately 10 days earlier than in the D_Historical cases in both RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 (2071–2100). The precipitation will also increase in most of the domain, particularly in the southern Korean Peninsula and Kyushu, Japan. These increases in precipitation are attributed to increases in the northward moist transport coming from the lower latitudes and moist static instability in the lower atmosphere. According to this study, the convective precipitation contributes mainly to the increase in total precipitation. On the other hand, the large-scale nonconvective precipitation related to the stationary front will not change significantly but even tends to decrease approximately from the middle of July. The extreme precipitation intensity is also projected to increase by at least 22% (38%) in RCP4.5 (RCP8.5).
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0894-8755 , 1520-0442
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00504.1
    RVK:
    UA 4548
    Language: English
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 246750-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2021723-7
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  • 9
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    Improvement of Multimodel Ensemble Seasonal Prediction Skills over East Asian Summer Monsoon Region Using a Climate Filter Concept
    American Meteorological Society ; 2013
    In:  Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology Vol. 52, No. 5 ( 2013-05), p. 1127-1138
    Details
    In: Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, American Meteorological Society, Vol. 52, No. 5 ( 2013-05), p. 1127-1138
    Abstract: The authors propose the use of a “climate filter” concept to enhance prediction skill of a multimodel ensemble (MME) suite for the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) precipitation and temperature at 850 hPa. The method envisages grading models on the basis of the degree of reproducibility of the association of EASM variability with a few relevant climate drivers with the respective model hindcasts for the period 1981–2003. The analysis identifies the previous winter Niño-3.4 and spring North Atlantic Oscillation indices as the most suitable climate drivers in designing a climate filter for evaluating models that replicate the observed teleconnections to EASM well. The results show that the hindcast skills of a new MME with the better-performing models are significantly higher than those from the nonperforming models or from an all-inclusive operational MME.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 1558-8424 , 1558-8432
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1175/JAMC-D-12-0123.1
    RVK:
    UA 4547
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Publication Date: 2013
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2227779-1
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2227759-6
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  • 10
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    High‐Efficiency Solution‐Processed Inorganic Metal Halide Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  Advanced Materials Vol. 29, No. 31 ( 2017-08)
    Details
    In: Advanced Materials, Wiley, Vol. 29, No. 31 ( 2017-08)
    Abstract: This paper reports highly bright and efficient CsPbBr 3 perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) fabricated by simple one‐step spin‐coating of uniform CsPbBr 3 polycrystalline layers on a self‐organized buffer hole injection layer and stoichiometry‐controlled CsPbBr 3 precursor solutions with an optimized concentration. The PeLEDs have maximum current efficiency of 5.39 cd A −1 and maximum luminance of 13752 cd m −2 . This paper also investigates the origin of current hysteresis, which can be ascribed to migration of Br − anions. Temperature dependence of the electroluminescence (EL) spectrum is measured and the origins of decreased spectrum area, spectral blue‐shift, and linewidth broadening are analyzed systematically with the activation energies, and are related with Br − anion migration, thermal dissociation of excitons, thermal expansion, and electron–phonon interaction. This work provides simple ways to improve the efficiency and brightness of all‐inorganic polycrystalline PeLEDs and improves understanding of temperature‐dependent ion migration and EL properties in inorganic PeLEDs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0935-9648 , 1521-4095
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1002/adma.v29.31
    DOI: 10.1002/adma.201700579
    RVK:
    UA 1538
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1474949-X
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