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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Y chromosomes of Jewish priests
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 1997
    In:  Nature Vol. 385, No. 6611 ( 1997-1), p. 32-32
    Details
    In: Nature, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 385, No. 6611 ( 1997-1), p. 32-32
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0028-0836 , 1476-4687
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1038/385032a0
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    UA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 1997
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    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1413423-8
    SSG: 11
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    R5 and X4 HIV envelopes induce distinct gene expression profiles in primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2006
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 103, No. 10 ( 2006-03-07), p. 3746-3751
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 103, No. 10 ( 2006-03-07), p. 3746-3751
    Abstract: HIV envelope binds to and signals through its primary cellular receptor, CD4, and through a coreceptor, either CC chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) or CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4). Here, we evaluate the response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to a panel of genetically diverse R5 and X4 envelope proteins. Modulation of gene expression was evaluated by using oligonucleotide microarrays. Activation of transcription factors was evaluated by using an array of oligonucleotides encoding transcription factor binding sites. Responses were strongly influenced by coreceptor specificity. Treatment of cells from CCR5Δ32 homozygous donors with glycoprotein (gp)120 derived from an R5 virus demonstrated that the majority of responses elicited by R5 envelopes required engagement of CCR5. R5 envelopes, to a greater extent than X4 envelopes, induced the expression of genes belonging to mitogen-activated protein kinase signal transduction pathways and genes regulating the cell cycle. A number of genes induced by R5, but not X4, envelopes were also up-regulated in the resting CD4 + T cell population of HIV-infected individuals. These results suggest that R5 envelope facilitates replication of HIV in the pool of resting CD4 + T cells. Additionally, signaling by R5 gp120 may facilitate the transmission of R5 viruses by inducing a permissive environment for HIV replication.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0511237103
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2006
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209104-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    HLA B*5701 is highly associated with restriction of virus replication in a subgroup of HIV-infected long term nonprogressors
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2000
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 97, No. 6 ( 2000-03-14), p. 2709-2714
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 97, No. 6 ( 2000-03-14), p. 2709-2714
    Abstract: A unique cohort of HIV-1-infected long term nonprogressors (LTNP) with normal CD4 + T cell counts and 〈 50 copies/ml of plasma were prospectively recruited for study. HLA typing revealed a dramatic association between the HLA B*5701 class I allele and nonprogressive infection [85% (11 of 13) vs. 9.5% (19 of 200) in progressors; P 〈 0.001]. Antigen-specific CD8 + T cells were enumerated by flow cytometric detection of intracellular IFN-γ in response to HIV antigens and HLA B*57- gag tetramer staining. No quantitative differences in the total HIV-specific CD8 + T cell responses were observed between B*57 + LTNP and five B*57 + progressors ( P = 0.4). Although similar frequencies of peptide specific CD8 + T cells were also found, the gag -specific CD8 + T cell response in the LTNP group was highly focused on peptides previously shown to be B*57-restricted. These findings indicate that, within this phenotypically and genotypically distinct cohort, a host immune factor is highly associated with restriction of virus replication and nonprogressive disease. They also strongly suggest a mechanism of virus specific immunity that directly operates through the B*5701 molecule. Further characterization of qualitative differences in the virus-specific responses that distinguish HLA B*57 + LTNP from progressors may ultimately define mechanisms of effective immune mediated restriction of virus replication.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.050567397
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209104-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    HIV-1 envelope induces activation of caspase-3 and cleavage of focal adhesion kinase in primary human CD4 + T cells
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2000
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 97, No. 3 ( 2000-02), p. 1178-1183
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 97, No. 3 ( 2000-02), p. 1178-1183
    Abstract: Binding of HIV type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoproteins to the surface of a CD4 + T cell transduces intracellular signals through the primary envelope receptor, CD4, and a coreceptor, either CCR5 or CXCR4. Furthermore, envelope–CD4 + cell interactions increase rates of apoptosis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). We demonstrate that in primary T lymphocytes, recombinant HIV-1 envelope proteins induce the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-6, which belong to a family of cysteine proteases that, upon activation, promote programmed cell death. Envelope-mediated activation of caspase-3 and caspase-6 depended on envelope–CD4 receptor interactions; CCR5-utilizing as well as CXCR4-utilizing envelopes elicited this response. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a substrate of both caspase-3 and caspase-6, and inactivation of FAK by these caspases promotes apoptosis. Envelope treatment of lymphocytes led to the cleavage of FAK in a manner consistent with caspase-mediated cleavage.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.97.3.1178
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2000
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209104-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Molecular characterization of Br-cadherin, a developmentally regulated, brain-specific cadherin
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 1997
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 94, No. 6 ( 1997-03-18), p. 2398-2403
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 94, No. 6 ( 1997-03-18), p. 2398-2403
    Abstract: Cadherins are a family of transmembrane proteins that play a crucial role in cell adhesion and in morphogenesis. Several of the cadherins are expressed in the nervous system, but none is neuron-specific. We characterize a new member of the cadherin family, Br-cadherin, which is present exclusively in the central nervous system. Although the Br-cadherin protein is confined to the central nervous system, its mRNA is present in several additional tissues, suggesting that there is posttranscriptional control of this gene’s expression. Within the central nervous system, Br-cadherin appears to be expressed specifically by neurons. In the mouse, its expression becomes detectable during the first postnatal week, which corresponds temporally to the onset of synaptogenesis and dendrite outgrowth in the brain. This pattern of expression is consistent with a role for Br-cadherin in neuronal development, perhaps specifically with synaptogenesis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.94.6.2398
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 1997
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209104-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    HIV envelope induces a cascade of cell signals in non-proliferating target cells that favor virus replication
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ; 2002
    In:  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol. 99, No. 14 ( 2002-07-09), p. 9380-9385
    Details
    In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 99, No. 14 ( 2002-07-09), p. 9380-9385
    Abstract: Certain HIV-encoded proteins modify host-cell gene expression in a manner that facilitates viral replication. These activities may contribute to low-level viral replication in nonproliferating cells. Through the use of oligonucleotide microarrays and high-throughput Western blotting we demonstrate that one of these proteins, gp120, induces the expression of cytokines, chemokines, kinases, and transcription factors associated with antigen-specific T cell activation in the absence of cellular proliferation. Examination of transcriptional changes induced by gp120 in freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells and monocyte-derived-macrophages reveals a broad and complex transcriptional program conducive to productive infection with HIV. Observations include the induction of nuclear factor of activated T cells, components of the RNA polymerase II complex including TFII D, proteins localized to the plasma membrane, including several syntaxins, and members of the Rho protein family, including Cdc 42. These observations provide evidence that envelope-mediated signaling contributes to the productive infection of HIV in suboptimally activated T cells.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0027-8424 , 1091-6490
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1073/pnas.142287999
    RVK:
    TA 1000
    RVK:
    WA 15000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
    Publication Date: 2002
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 209104-5
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461794-8
    SSG: 11
    SSG: 12
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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