In:
Genome Research, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Vol. 29, No. 1 ( 2019-01), p. 40-52
Kurzfassung:
A few families of transposable elements (TEs) have been shown to evolve into cis -regulatory elements (CREs). Here, to extend these studies to all classes of TEs in the human genome, we identified widespread enhancer-like repeats (ELRs) and find that ELRs reliably mark cell identities, are enriched for lineage-specific master transcription factor binding sites, and are mostly primate-specific. In particular, elements of MIR and L2 TE families whose abundance co-evolved across chordate genomes, are found as ELRs in most human cell types examined. MIR and L2 elements frequently share long-range intra-chromosomal interactions and binding of physically interacting transcription factors. We validated that eight L2 and nine MIR elements function as enhancers in reporter assays, and among 20 MIR-L2 pairings, one MIR repressed and one boosted the enhancer activity of L2 elements. Our results reveal a previously unappreciated co-evolution and interaction between two TE families in shaping regulatory networks.
Materialart:
Online-Ressource
ISSN:
1088-9051
,
1549-5469
DOI:
10.1101/gr.235747.118
Sprache:
Englisch
Verlag:
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Publikationsdatum:
2019
ZDB Id:
1483456-X
SSG:
12
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