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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effect of mouth-opening levels on sound field gain in the ear canal
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2018
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 143, No. 3 ( 2018-03-01), p. 1451-1457
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 143, No. 3 ( 2018-03-01), p. 1451-1457
    Abstract: The human external auditory canal can become deformed when the mandible moves, and this changes the sound field in the external auditory canal. This study measured the sound field gain in the external auditory canal while varying mouth-opening in three levels. The mandible was fixed at the 1/3, the 2/3, and the maximal mouth-opening levels. Seven 65-dB tones of 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, 6000, and 8000 Hz, which are the sound pressure level and frequency range when people are talking at a normal level, were adopted as the sound stimulus to measure sound field gains at 5, 10, 15, and 20 mm to the interior of the external auditory canal. The results show that, with the exception of the 1.25 dB decrease from 12.96 to 11.71 dB at a depth of 5 mm with a stimulus at 8000 Hz, the differences in the sound field gain at the other depths and stimulus frequencies were within 1 dB and were not statistically significant. These results suggest that mouth-opening level has no effect on the measurement of the sound field in the external auditory canal.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.5026692
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    An approach to constructing prosodic grammar for Mandarin read speech
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2023
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 153, No. 4 ( 2023-04-01), p. 2406-
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 153, No. 4 ( 2023-04-01), p. 2406-
    Abstract: A data-driven approach to constructing a prosodic grammar of Mandarin read speech is proposed. Prosodic labeling is performed, first, on a large speech corpus with syntactic-tree parsing to add four-level break indices. Two types of prosodic grammatical rules are explored. One type is composed of simplified rules to compute break-type distributions at critical junctures for 5 phrase-level and 11 basic syntactic patterns. The other type entails detailed rules to compute break-type distributions conditioned on syntactic function for four determinative–measure (DM)-related syntactic patterns. Effectiveness of the approach was confirmed by meaningful interpretations of the resulting main prosodic patterns and outliers of targeted syntactic patterns by inferred rules. The main findings are given below. Strong paused breaks are found at VE–clause object (VE, active verb with a sentential object) junctures and junctures after idioms. For DM-related patterns, the entropies of break-type distributions decrease significantly as syntactic functions are involved; break-type distributions on both edges are seriously affected by their syntactic functions; when acting as subject (S) and object (O), their prosodic phenomena support the tendency of Mandarin to be S(VO) (V, verb); strong paused breaks at postboundaries of DM-2–DM-4 are caused by their more complex syntactic structures and greater lengths; and the insertions of modifier + DE (special tag for the word DE) into DM–N (N, noun) junctures cause more paused-break insertions at junctures after DMs.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/10.0017861
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A comparison of English and Chinese reading proficiency of primary school Chinese students
    Informa UK Limited ; 2010
    In:  Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development Vol. 31, No. 2 ( 2010-03), p. 181-199
    Details
    In: Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 31, No. 2 ( 2010-03), p. 181-199
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0143-4632 , 1747-7557
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1080/01434630903514212
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Informa UK Limited
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 136713-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1480742-7
    SSG: 7,11
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The Influence of the Language that Hong Kong Primary School Students Habitually Speak at Home on their Chinese Reading Ability in School
    Informa UK Limited ; 2007
    In:  Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development Vol. 28, No. 5 ( 2007-09-15), p. 400-417
    Details
    In: Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, Informa UK Limited, Vol. 28, No. 5 ( 2007-09-15), p. 400-417
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0143-4632 , 1747-7557
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2167/jmmd529.1
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Informa UK Limited
    Publication Date: 2007
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 136713-4
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1480742-7
    SSG: 7,11
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Structures of the Mandarin gei constructions
    Springer Science and Business Media LLC ; 2015
    In:  Journal of East Asian Linguistics Vol. 24, No. 3 ( 2015-8), p. 309-338
    Details
    In: Journal of East Asian Linguistics, Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Vol. 24, No. 3 ( 2015-8), p. 309-338
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0925-8558 , 1572-8560
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1007/s10831-015-9132-3
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publication Date: 2015
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2016866-4
    SSG: 6,25
    SSG: 7,11
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Influences of length and position of drive-stacks on the transmitting-voltage-response of the broadband Tonpilz transducer
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2021
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 150, No. 6 ( 2021-12-01), p. 4140-4150
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 150, No. 6 ( 2021-12-01), p. 4140-4150
    Abstract: Most broadband Tonpilz transducers are achieved by coupling first-order longitudinal mode with other modes introduced by an elaborately designed structure (e.g., flexural mode of the head mass). To further expand the bandwidth is difficult and, even if successful, inevitably makes the structure more complex. Longitudinal modes are the inherent vibration modes of rod-shaped Tonpilz transducers. Using high-order longitudinal modes to achieve broadband performance can retain the simple structure similar to the conventional Tonpilz transducer. However, activating continuous, equal-amplitude longitudinal modes is not easy. The longitudinal length and position of the drive-stacks have significant influences on the generation of resonances and their vibration amplitude. In this paper, these influences are studied using the equivalent circuit method for a rod transducer having two drive-stacks, and finally we provide the drive-stack arrangement that can activate the first-three longitudinal modes to obtain the desired broadband response effectively. We also find that the response value of resonances can be balanced to reduce band fluctuation by adjusting drive lengths. The design procedure for the broadband Tonpilz transducer is proposed. The finite element method is used to design broadband transducers having bandwidth greater than one octave following the procedure. A transducer prototype with a simple structure is fabricated and measured to verify the validity of the proposed method.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/10.0008931
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Blind beamforming-based strong interference suppression in underwater acoustic direct-sequence code-division multiple-access systems
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2022
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 152, No. 4 ( 2022-10-01), p. 2128-2139
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 152, No. 4 ( 2022-10-01), p. 2128-2139
    Abstract: In an underwater acoustic direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS-CDMA) system, the performance of the conventional receiver is severely limited by the strong multiple-access interferences, which is due to the near-far effect. In this paper, a time-frequency-time with eigendecomposition-based blind beamformer (TFT-EBB) method is proposed for a distant user to suppress strong interference from a nearby user in DS-CDMA underwater acoustic communications. When the interference level is moderately higher than that of the desired signal, the TFT-EBB method can estimate the composite steering vector of all multipath components of the weak desired user signal via the eigendecomposition of the array covariance matrix at each frequency bin. Then the proposed energy detection-based RAKE receiver is cascaded to achieve multipath diversity, in which it requires less prior information compared with the conventional RAKE receiver. The proposed method is evaluated by using both simulated and field experimental data, which verifies its effectiveness.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/10.0014598
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Binaural masking level difference on hearing impairments compensating by hearing aids
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2014
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 135, No. 4_Supplement ( 2014-04-01), p. 2281-2281
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 135, No. 4_Supplement ( 2014-04-01), p. 2281-2281
    Abstract: Many researchers reported that the Binaural masking level differences are reduced in pathological conditions, such as sensorineural hearing loss, retro-cochlear hearing loss, central nervous system disease, and so on. In former studies revealed that the amount of BMLDs are about 2–3 dB or in minus. However, for sensorineural hearing loss, the adaptive method may be limited by the hearing thresholds of subjects. Therefore, to eliminate limitation of hearing thresholds, we delivered stimuli by a pair of sound chambers and receiving by hearing aids fitting with NAL-NL1 formula through headphones to subjects. There were eight mild to moderate sensorineural hearing loss subjects (6 females and 2 males, average 62.2 y/o, std. 9.7) participating in this study. With white noise as masker, we conducted pure tone detection thresholds for 125, 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 Hz in S0N0 and STTN0 conditions. The pilot results showed that the threshold differences (S0N0—STTN0) are 4, 6.3, 4.1, 6.9, and 6.3 dB from 125 to 2k Hz. The pilot results revealed that there are BMLDs on SNHLs with compensating by hearing aids. That is to say, this testing method may be used to rule out supra-threshold deficits from sensorineural hearing losses.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4877478
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Optimization design of the sound absorbing structure of double-layer porous metal material with air layer based on genetic algorithm
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2023
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 153, No. 3 ( 2023-03-01), p. 1943-1954
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 153, No. 3 ( 2023-03-01), p. 1943-1954
    Abstract: An acoustic absorption structure of a double-layer porous metal material with air layers is proposed. The Johnson-Champoux-Allard (JCA) model combined with the transfer matrix method (TMM) was used to establish the theoretical calculation model of the sound absorption coefficient (SAC). Meanwhile, the SAC between 500 and 6300 Hz were measured with an impedance tube. The errors between the theoretical and experimental values were compared to illustrate the good predictability of the theoretical model within the inverse estimations of the transport properties. The effects of the material placement order, material thickness, and cavity depth on the sound absorption performance from 200 to 5000 Hz were analyzed using the theoretical model. Further, a multi-objective function genetic algorithm was used to optimize the porous material's thickness and SAC to obtain an acoustic structure with a smaller thickness and higher sound absorption. A series of optimal solutions were obtained for acoustic structures with a total thickness of less than 70 mm. When the total thickness of the foam metal was 33.57 mm, the average SAC reached 0.853, which was significantly lower than the total thickness of the previous experiments. The multi-objective function genetic algorithm can provide a reliable solution for the optimal design of most sound-absorbing structures.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/10.0017605
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    “Modifiers” as Verbs: The Case of Mandarin
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Studia Linguistica Vol. 72, No. 3 ( 2018-12), p. 625-661
    Details
    In: Studia Linguistica, Wiley, Vol. 72, No. 3 ( 2018-12), p. 625-661
    Abstract: We show that some elements in Mandarin that have been considered as pre‐verbal adverbial modifiers are actually the main verbs of the sentences. Three sets of phenomena are discussed: the degree gou ‘enough’ construction, the “Adv/Adv‐ di ” contrast, and two types of “manner wh ‐adverbs”. These phenomena make Mandarin a typologically interesting case, as it stands in contrast to languages such as English on the one hand, where adverbs are adjuncts, and to Formosan languages on the other, where manner modifiers realize as the main verb of the sentence. We also discuss the possible parameterization in grammar that is responsible for this distinction. We suggest that grammatical theory provides an option to languages, in the form of a parameter, which licenses complementation of an un‐subcategorized expression YP to a head X, when X denotes a manner (or more generally, an event modifier) of YP .
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0039-3193 , 1467-9582
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/stul.2018.72.issue-3
    DOI: 10.1111/stul.12083
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1481220-4
    SSG: 7,11
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