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  • Comparative Studies. Non-European Languages/Literatures  (10)
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Role of superior temporal gyrus and planum temporale in talker segregation
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2022
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 152, No. 4_Supplement ( 2022-10-01), p. A133-A133
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 152, No. 4_Supplement ( 2022-10-01), p. A133-A133
    Abstract: Recent studies suggest the brain tracks both attended and unattended speech streams. Here, we describe the cortical mechanisms that support active talker segregation by vocal gender. Thirty-three participants with normal or near-normal hearing performed a competing speech task during fMRI scanning. The target (competing) talker was female (male). Spectrotemporal modulation filtering was applied to stochastically modulate female and male vocal pitch across trials. Using the modulation-filter patterns as predictors, spectrotemporal receptive fields (STRFs) were obtained at each voxel using coordinate descent. STRF weights associated with female- (∼6 cyc/kHz) and male-talker (∼12 cyc/kHz) pitch were analyzed across subjects to identify pitch-sensitive voxels (logical OR, corrected p  & lt; 0.01), which were then characterized by preference for female vs. male. Anterior regions in Heschl’s gyrus and the superior temporal gyrus (STG) responded best to the female talker, while posterior regions in STG and planum temporale (PT) responded best to the male talker. In a control task where the talkers did not compete, the same pattern was observed but the posterior network shifted from STG to PT and responded to the acoustic boundary between talkers (∼9 cyc/kHz), suggesting that acoustically coded pitch in PT becomes voice-coded in STG during active segregation.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/10.0015791
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    An auditory-like region in the motor cortex
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2021
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 150, No. 4_Supplement ( 2021-10-01), p. A144-A144
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 150, No. 4_Supplement ( 2021-10-01), p. A144-A144
    Abstract: Left premotor cortex is activated during listening to speech, but whether this reflects a motor mechanism or a response to auditory features is debated. Previously, we showed that left dorsal premotor cortex (dPM) responded to vocal pitch in a degraded speech recognition task, but only when speech was rated as unintelligible. Crucially, vocal pitch was not relevant to the task. Here, we hypothesize that left dPM will respond to vocal pitch for increasingly intelligible speech in a competing speech task that emphasizes pitch for talker segregation. We use fMRI (N = 25) and apply spectrotemporal modulation distortion to modulate pitch in two-talker (male/female) mixtures across two conditions (Competing, Unison), only one of which requires pitch-based segregation (Competing). A Bayesian drift-diffusion model was used to predict speech recognition performance (3-AFC response times) from the pattern of spectrotemporal distortion imposed on each trial. The model’s ‘drift rate’ parameter, a d’-like measure, was strongly associated with vocal pitch for Competing but not Unison. Trial-wise predictions of ‘pitch-restricted’ drift rate—i.e., that component of performance driven only by pitch – were positively associated with activation in left dPM for Competing but not Unison. These findings show that left dPM responds to auditory features during speech recognition.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/10.0007921
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of word frequency and phonological neighborhood density on speech recognition in background noise and competing speech
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2021
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 150, No. 4_Supplement ( 2021-10-01), p. A276-A276
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 150, No. 4_Supplement ( 2021-10-01), p. A276-A276
    Abstract: Clinical speech-in-noise tests typically use materials without contextual constraint or balanced for linguistic properties like word/phoneme frequency. However, real-world linguistic context effects can be substantial and vary by listener and scenario. Here, 38 participants completed the Theo-Victor-Michael (TVM) speech test in four types of background: speech shaped noise (SSN), speech-envelope modulated noise (envSSN), one competing talker (1T), and two competing talkers (2T) (Helfer and Freyman, 2009). The TVM is a matrix test using keywords from a corpus of one- and two- syllable nouns that vary considerably in word frequency (FREQ) and phonological neighborhood density (DENS). Bayesian logistic regression was used to estimate the effects of FREQ/DENS on TVM performance. A multinomial model was used for 1T/2T to assess reporting of target and distractor keywords. Overall, percent-correct recognition increased with increasing keyword FREQ and decreased with increasing keyword DENS. Effects were larger in SSN/envSSN than 1T/2T. Statistically significant but small effects of FREQ/DENS were observed on distractor responses in 1T/2T. Adjusting performance for FREQ/DENS substantially shifted the distribution of scores but only for SSN/envSSN. Performance in 1T/2T may be dominated by non-linguistic factors, and/or less sensitive to FREQ/DENS due to higher difficulty or linguistic competition from the background talkers. [Work supported by VA RR & D Service.]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/10.0008281
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Prediction of speech recognition in background noise and competing speech from suprathreshold auditory and cognitive measures
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2021
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 150, No. 4_Supplement ( 2021-10-01), p. A305-A305
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 150, No. 4_Supplement ( 2021-10-01), p. A305-A305
    Abstract: Previous studies have struggled to identify measures beyond the audiogram to reliably predict speech-in-noise scores. This may owe to: (i) different mechanisms mediate performance depending on materials and task; and (ii) effects are not reproducible. Here, 38 listeners with normal/near-normal audiograms completed batteries of temporal auditory and cognitive tests, and speech recognition (“Theo-Victor-Michael” test) in speech-shaped noise (SSN), speech-envelope modulated noise (envSSN), one (1T) and two (2T) competing talkers. A two-stage Bayesian modeling approach was employed. In Stage 1, speech scores were corrected for target-word frequency/neighborhood density, psychometric function parameters were extracted from temporal tests, and cognitive measures were reduced to three composite variables. Stage 2 then applied Gaussian process models to predict speech scores from temporal and cognitive measures. Leave-one-out cross-validation and model stacking determined the best combination of predictive models. Performance in SSN/envSSN was best predicted by temporal envelope measures (forward masking, gap duration discrimination), while performance in 1T was best predicted by cognitive measures (executive function, processing speed). Temporal fine structure measures (frequency-modulation, interaural-phase-difference detection) predicted the number of 1T distractor responses. All models failed on 2T. These results show that prediction of speech-in-noise scores from suprathreshold “process” measures is highly task dependent.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/10.0008375
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    FORUM: Remote testing for psychological and physiological acoustics
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2022
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 151, No. 5 ( 2022-05-01), p. 3116-3128
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 151, No. 5 ( 2022-05-01), p. 3116-3128
    Abstract: Acoustics research involving human participants typically takes place in specialized laboratory settings. Listening studies, for example, may present controlled sounds using calibrated transducers in sound-attenuating or anechoic chambers. In contrast, remote testing takes place outside of the laboratory in everyday settings (e.g., participants' homes). Remote testing could provide greater access to participants, larger sample sizes, and opportunities to characterize performance in typical listening environments at the cost of reduced control of environmental conditions, less precise calibration, and inconsistency in attentional state and/or response behaviors from relatively smaller sample sizes and unintuitive experimental tasks. The Acoustical Society of America Technical Committee on Psychological and Physiological Acoustics launched the Task Force on Remote Testing (https://tcppasa.org/remotetesting/) in May 2020 with goals of surveying approaches and platforms available to support remote testing and identifying challenges and considerations for prospective investigators. The results of this task force survey were made available online in the form of a set of Wiki pages and summarized in this report. This report outlines the state-of-the-art of remote testing in auditory-related research as of August 2021, which is based on the Wiki and a literature search of papers published in this area since 2020, and provides three case studies to demonstrate feasibility during practice.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/10.0010422
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Relation between temporal fine structure processing and global processing speed
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2022
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 152, No. 4_Supplement ( 2022-10-01), p. A231-A231
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 152, No. 4_Supplement ( 2022-10-01), p. A231-A231
    Abstract: Strelcyk et al. (2019) recently found that interaural phase discrimination in older hearing-impaired listeners was correlated with both visuospatial processing speed and interaural level discrimination. This suggests that temporal fine structure (TFS) processing relies on global processing speed and/or spatial cognition, though it is possible that, generally, complex auditory discrimination engages multiple cognitive domains. Here, 50 Veterans (mean age = 48.1, range = 30–60) with normal or near-normal hearing completed batteries of temporal processing and cognitive tests. Composite cognitive test scores reflecting processing speed/executive function (PS-EX) and working memory (WM) were obtained. Temporal processing tasks included measures of envelope (ENV; gap duration discrimination, forward masking) and TFS (frequency modulation detection, interaural phase modulation detection) processing. Bayesian hierarchical regression was used to fit psychometric functions simultaneously to all ENV and TFS tasks in all subjects. Fixed effects of PS-EX and WM on thresholds and slopes were estimated for the psychometric functions in each temporal task. In general, (i) PS-EX and WM influenced both TFS and ENV thresholds, but not slopes; and (ii) TFS thresholds were best explained by PS-EX scores while ENV thresholds were best explained by WM scores. These findings suggest a specific relation between global processing speed and TFS.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/10.0016111
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2022
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Remote testing for psychological and physiological acoustics: Initial report of the ASA P&P Task Force on Remote Testing
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2020
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 148, No. 4_Supplement ( 2020-10-01), p. 2713-2713
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 148, No. 4_Supplement ( 2020-10-01), p. 2713-2713
    Abstract: Acoustics research involving human participants typically takes place in specialized laboratory settings. Listening studies, for example, may present controlled sounds using calibrated transducers in sound-attenuating or anechoic chambers. In contrast, remote testing takes place away from the lab, in natural settings or in participants' homes. Remote testing can potentially provide greater access to participants, larger sample sizes, and enhanced ecological validity, at the cost of reduced acoustical control, standardization, calibration, and consistency of participant experiences. Emerging technologies can ameliorate some drawbacks, and potentially support new forms of robust research via remote testing. The ASA Technical Committee on Psychological and Physiological Acoustics (P & P) launched the Task Force on Remote Testing in May 2020, with goals of (1) surveying approaches and platforms available to support remote testing by ASA members, (2) identifying challenges and considerations for prospective investigators, and (3) communicating this information via online resources, papers, and presentations. Longer-term goals include identifying best practices and providing resources for evaluating outcomes of remote testing to facilitate via peer review. This presentation will describe the activities of the P & P Task Force on Remote Testing, online resources identified and/or developed by Task Force members, and additional opportunities for ASA members to contribute.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.5147519
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2020
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A guinea pig model of hidden hearing loss: Prelude to the development of a human model
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2022
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 151, No. 4_Supplement ( 2022-04-01), p. A127-A127
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 151, No. 4_Supplement ( 2022-04-01), p. A127-A127
    Abstract: Cochlear synaptopathy, otherwise known as hidden hearing loss, has been at least partially characterized in a number of mammalian species. Although well-established generally, the disorder is incompletely understood, particularly with regard to the extent of interspecies pathology associated with the condition. Furthermore, the extent to which recovery of lost function is achieved among species thus far studied is also incompletely understood. In this context, the existence of evidence suggesting that humans experience this form of synapse pathology calls for the development of a noninvasive protocol designed to further address the question. If confirmed, where on the disorder spectrum humans are positioned takes on a heightened sense of importance. To that end, a protocol that reliably identifies the disorder in a guinea pig model is under development and will, if successful, serve as the foundation for the development of an equivalent human protocol employing the same noninvasive electrophysiological strategy. In this report, preliminary findings from an ongoing study centered on a battery of electrophysiology and immunohistochemical studies supporting model development in guinea pigs will be reviewed with the goal of identifying response outcomes with diagnostic potential. [Work supported by the Department of Defense Award No. W81XWH-19-1-0862.]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/10.0010868
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Envelope following responses following partial cochlear deafferentation in guinea pigs
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2022
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 152, No. 4_Supplement ( 2022-10-01), p. A197-A197
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 152, No. 4_Supplement ( 2022-10-01), p. A197-A197
    Abstract: The sound-induced loss of ribbon synapses connecting inner hair cells to auditory nerve fibers primarily exhibiting high thresholds has been the subject of numerous investigations. The condition resulting from this inner ear abnormality is commonly referred to as hidden hearing loss, a name that reflects the relative invulnerability of low threshold auditory nerve fibers that survive noise-exposure and function normally. Although auditory sensitivity recovers completely among animals experiencing hidden hearing loss, recovery of auditory brainstem response amplitudes is incomplete. The residual loss of function reflected in diminished response amplitudes to transient stimuli serves as a highly reliable indicator of the condition. The extent to which responses to sustained stimuli might serve as indicators of pathology is less clear. To that end, we will review findings related to differences in spectral magnitudes of envelope following responses to a battery of sinusoidally-amplitude modulated test conditions that include level dependent response growth, modulation transfer functions under a variety of carrier conditions, the influence of varying modulation depths, as well as the influence of maskers on responses acquired from control and noise-exposed animals. [Work supported by the Department of Defense Award #W81XWH-19-1-0862.]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/10.0016013
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Estimating the contribution of central noise from composite performance across multiple tasks
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2022
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 152, No. 4_Supplement ( 2022-10-01), p. A195-A195
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 152, No. 4_Supplement ( 2022-10-01), p. A195-A195
    Abstract: According to signal detection theory, the ability to detect a signal is limited only by internal noise, which comprises peripheral and central sources. Here, we develop a statistical approach to parse central from peripheral noise. Fifty-two Veterans (mean age = 47.8, range = 30–60) with normal or near-normal hearing performed AXB discrimination for several temporal processing tasks: gap duration discrimination, forward masking, frequency modulation detection, and interaural phase modulation detection. After training, a single adaptive run (40 reversals) was completed for each task. Subjects also completed speech-in-noise testing (“Theo-Victor-Michael") with four masker types (48 trials ea.): speech-shaped noise, speech-envelope modulated noise, one and two competing talkers. Composite speech performance was estimated using principal component analysis. Bayesian hierarchical regression was used to estimate two-parameter psychometric functions (threshold, slope) simultaneously for all temporal tasks and subjects. Crucially, fixed (group-level) thresholds were estimated per task but only a single random (subject-level) intercept was estimated (mean across-task deviation from the group thresholds). We assume central noise is the primary factor limiting across-task performance. The principal speech scores were entered as regressors on this “central threshold.” Indeed, central threshold was correlated with the principal speech scores, suggesting that central noise limits temporal processing and speech-in-noise.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/10.0016004
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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