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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The binaural performance of a cross-talk cancellation system with matched or mismatched setup and playback acoustics
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2007
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 121, No. 2 ( 2007-02-01), p. 1056-1069
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 121, No. 2 ( 2007-02-01), p. 1056-1069
    Abstract: Cross-talk cancellation is a method for synthesizing virtual auditory space using loudspeakers. One implementation is the “Optimal Source Distribution” technique [T. Takeuchi and P. Nelson, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 112, 2786–2797 (2002)], in which the audio bandwidth is split across three pairs of loudspeakers, placed at azimuths of ±90°, ±15°, and ±3°, conveying low, mid, and high frequencies, respectively. A computational simulation of this system was developed and verified against measurements made on an acoustic system using a manikin. Both the acoustic system and the simulation gave a wideband average cancellation of almost 25dB. The simulation showed that when there was a mismatch between the head-related transfer functions used to set up the system and those of the final listener, the cancellation was reduced to an average of 13dB. Moreover, in this case the binaural interaural time differences and interaural level differences delivered by the simulation of the optimal source distribution (OSD) system often differed from the target values. It is concluded that only when the OSD system is set up with “matched” head-related transfer functions can it deliver accurate binaural cues.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.2404625
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2007
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Optimal source distribution for binaural synthesis over loudspeakers
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2002
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 112, No. 6 ( 2002-12-01), p. 2786-2797
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 112, No. 6 ( 2002-12-01), p. 2786-2797
    Abstract: When binaural sound signals are presented with loudspeakers, the system inversion involved gives rise to a number of problems such as a loss of dynamic range and a lack of robustness to small errors and room reflections. The amplification required by the system inversion results in loss of dynamic range. The control performance of such a system deteriorates severely due to small errors resulting from, e.g., misalignment of the system and individual differences in the head related transfer functions at certain frequencies. The required large sound radiation results in severe reflection which also reduces the control performance. A method of overcoming these fundamental problems is proposed in this paper. A conceptual monopole transducer is introduced whose position varies continuously as frequency varies. This gives a minimum processing requirement of the binaural signals for the control to be achieved and all the above problems either disappear or are minimized. The inverse filters have flat amplitude response and the reproduced sound is not colored even outside the relatively large “sweet area.” A number of practical solutions are suggested for the realization of such optimally distributed transducers. One of them is a discretization that enables the use of conventional transducer units.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.1513363
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2002
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A multi-channel audio system based on the theory of integral equations.
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2009
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 125, No. 4_Supplement ( 2009-04-01), p. 2543-2543
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 125, No. 4_Supplement ( 2009-04-01), p. 2543-2543
    Abstract: The basics of a multi-channel audio system, which attempts the reproduction of a desired sound field, are presented. The system’s hardware consists of a three-dimensional array of loudspeakers, and can be used in combination with a specially designed microphone array. The mathematical fundamentals on which this technique is grounded consist of the formulation of the problems as an integral equation. The loudspeaker signals are determined from the knowledge of the target sound field on the boundary of a given control volume. The solution to this inverse problem is computed performing a singular value decomposition of the integral operator involved. For some simple array geometries it is possible to calculate an analytical solution to the problem. A regularization method is applied, as required by the ill-posed nature of the inverse problem under consideration. Some insight into the physical meaning of the ill-posedness is given and some analogies to near-field acoustic holography are suggested. The effectiveness of the method proposed has been verified experimentally and some of the experimental results are presented. Finally, it is shown how this technique has been successfully applied to the design of a multi-channel auralization system for room acoustics.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4783610
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2009
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Matrix analysis for fast learning of neural networks with application to the classification of acoustic spectra
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2021
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 149, No. 6 ( 2021-06-01), p. 4119-4133
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 149, No. 6 ( 2021-06-01), p. 4119-4133
    Abstract: Neural networks are increasingly being applied to problems in acoustics and audio signal processing. Large audio datasets are being generated for use in training machine learning algorithms, and the reduction of training times is of increasing relevance. The work presented here begins by reformulating the analysis of the classical multilayer perceptron to show the explicit dependence of network parameters on the properties of the weight matrices in the network. This analysis then allows the application of the singular value decomposition (SVD) to the weight matrices. An algorithm is presented that makes use of regular applications of the SVD to progressively reduce the dimensionality of the network. This results in significant reductions in network training times of up to 50% with very little or no loss in accuracy. The use of the algorithm is demonstrated by applying it to a number of acoustical classification problems that help quantify the extent to which closely related spectra can be distinguished by machine learning.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/10.0005126
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    A theoretical study of sound field reproduction with a planar array of loudspeakers.
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2010
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 128, No. 4_Supplement ( 2010-10-01), p. 2354-2354
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 128, No. 4_Supplement ( 2010-10-01), p. 2354-2354
    Abstract: The problem of reproducing a desired sound field with a planar array of loudspeakers is addressed. The array is modeled by a continuous distribution of monopole-like secondary sources arranged on an infinite plane, and the reproduced field is represented by a single layer potential. The target field is defined on a plane parallel to the secondary source layer. An expression for the solution is derived and this can be regarded as a linear superposition of propagating and evanescent plane waves. It is shown that the contribution of the evanescent waves does not represent the evanescent component of the desired field and is not limited to the near-field of the array. For this reason this component of the field is called pseudo-evanescent. The case of the so-called focused sources is analyzed. It is shown that an exact solution of this problem does not exist, but an approximate solution can be computed using regularization techniques (for example, by avoiding an exact reproduction of the pseudo-evanescent component of the target field). The time-reversal technique, widely used by wave field synthesis systems for the reproduction of focused sources, is also studied. 
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.3508349
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2010
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Binaural sound reproduction in a stereo dipole system
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1996
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 100, No. 4_Supplement ( 1996-10-01), p. 2700-2700
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 100, No. 4_Supplement ( 1996-10-01), p. 2700-2700
    Abstract: A new transaural system referred to as a ‘‘stereo dipole’’ reproduction system using a closely spaced pair of loudspeakers in front of a listener has been introduced recently. Computer simulations using theoretical models, in which the listener’s head is assumed to be a perfectly rigid sphere, revealed that sound field equalization by the SD system including inverse filtering and also for the virtual source reproduction can be achieved in a wide range of area relative to the standard loudspeaker arrangements. This paper will deal with a further investigation of the SD system in terms of the controlled acoustic field around the head. The theoretical model used in the computer simulation is extended so that one can calculate an impulse response at any point while considering the influence of a rigid sphere. This model is used to compare the sound field around the spherical obstacle due to the SD system with one by the ordinary transaural system.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.417079
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1996
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    The use of auditory and phonetic memory in vowel discrimination
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1986
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 79, No. 2 ( 1986-02-01), p. 500-507
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 79, No. 2 ( 1986-02-01), p. 500-507
    Abstract: A commonly held assumption about memory for speech is that auditory memory is referred to only if phonetic memory does not contain the information needed for a particular trial. However, this assumption is in conflict with recent evidence [Crowder, J. Exp. Psychol.: Learning, Memory, Cognition 8, 153–162 (1982); Repp et al., J. Exp. Psychol.: Human Perception Performance 5, 129–145 (1979)]. The present study provides additional data to help determine how auditory and phonetic memory are used in a vowel discrimination task, and what happens during memory decay. Experiment 1 was conducted to determine whether performance levels decline at similar rates on between- and within-category AX vowel comparison trials when certain methodological problems are removed. This was confirmed. Experiment 2 demonstrated that in the AX task there is a vowel order effect, as Repp et al. found, but that this effect increased across interstimulus delay intervals, in contrast to their findings. The results can be accommodated with a model in which the memory for a vowel is represented as a small, bounded area within the vowel space, and in which memory decay is represented by the expansion of that bounded area over time.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.393537
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1986
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Optimal source distribution for virtual acoustic imaging
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2000
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 108, No. 5_Supplement ( 2000-11-01), p. 2561-2561
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 108, No. 5_Supplement ( 2000-11-01), p. 2561-2561
    Abstract: When binaural sound signals are presented with loudspeakers, the system inversion involved gives rise to a number of problems such as loss of dynamic range and a lack of robustness to small errors in control performance. Regularization, often used to design practical filters, also results in poor control performance around ill-conditioned frequencies. These problems for such systems are investigated and this has resulted in the proposal of a new system concept. The system overcomes these fundamental problems by means of a conceptual pair of monopole transducers whose span varies continuously as a function of frequency. The underlying theoretical principle is described in detail. The significance is that all of the above problems that are associated with the multi-channel system inversion are solved by using this principle. The limitations with this principle are also made clear in terms of the operational frequency range. Several examples of practical solutions that can realize a variable transducer span by discretization are also described. The discretization expands the operational frequency region to be used with only a little decrease in performance. This principle is extremely useful and practical because a single transducer which can cover the whole audible frequency range is not currently available.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4743510
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2000
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Sound field reproduction as an equivalent acoustical scattering problem
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2013
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 134, No. 5 ( 2013-11-01), p. 3721-3729
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 134, No. 5 ( 2013-11-01), p. 3721-3729
    Abstract: Given a continuous distribution of acoustic sources, the determination of the source strength that ensures the synthesis of a desired sound field is shown to be identical to the solution of an equivalent acoustic scattering problem. The paper begins with the presentation of the general theory that underpins sound field reproduction with secondary sources continuously arranged on the boundary of the reproduction region. The process of reproduction by a continuous source distribution is modeled by means of an integral operator (the single layer potential). It is then shown how the solution of the sound reproduction problem corresponds to that of an equivalent scattering problem. Analytical solutions are computed for two specific instances of this problem, involving, respectively, the use of a secondary source distribution in spherical and planar geometries. The results are shown to be the same as those obtained with analyses based on High Order Ambisonics and Wave Field Synthesis, respectively, thus bringing to light a fundamental analogy between these two methods of sound reproduction. Finally, it is shown how the physical optics (Kirchhoff) approximation enables the derivation of a high-frequency simplification for the problem under consideration, this in turn being related to the secondary source selection criterion reported in the literature on Wave Field Synthesis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4824343
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2013
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Aircraft cabin noise control apparatus
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1992
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 91, No. 2 ( 1992-02-01), p. 1195-1195
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 91, No. 2 ( 1992-02-01), p. 1195-1195
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.402585
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1992
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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