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  • Comparative Studies. Non-European Languages/Literatures  (21)
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  • Comparative Studies. Non-European Languages/Literatures  (21)
RVK
  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Passive acoustic survey of Yangtze finless porpoises using a cargo ship as a moving platform
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2011
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 130, No. 4 ( 2011-10-01), p. 2285-2292
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 130, No. 4 ( 2011-10-01), p. 2285-2292
    Abstract: In order to periodically investigate the population and distribution of the Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis) in its main distribution range in the Yangtze River, a passive acoustic system deployed on a cargo ship as a moving platform, rather than a dedicated research ship, was developed. A stereo acoustic event data-logger (A-tag) was installed on the cargo ship to passively detect phonating animals. In three surveys carried out in the Yangtze River from Wuhan to Shanghai, an average of 6059 clicks in each survey and 284 porpoises in total were acoustically detected along an 1100-km stretch. The animals were detected frequently in most of the survey range except two “gap sections” with 40 and 60 km lengths, respectively, where no animals were detected in all three surveys. Detected group sizes of the animals in each 120-s time window were not significantly different among the surveys, but the distribution pattern was different and suggested seasonal migration. The cargo ship based passive acoustic survey was effective in detecting phonating animals and can potentially monitor the distribution and population trend over time. Compared to surveys that used dedicated research ships, the present method is more cost effective.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.3625257
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 219231-7
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Finding baiji and freshwater finless porpoises in the Yangtze River, China
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2011
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 130, No. 4_Supplement ( 2011-10-01), p. 2459-2459
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 130, No. 4_Supplement ( 2011-10-01), p. 2459-2459
    Abstract: A stereo passive acoustic event recorder (A-tag) has been applied for range-wide monitoring of baiji and finless porpoises in China. As the pilot study, two research vessels were operated in 1700 km historic habitat of both species from Yichang to Shanghai in 2006. There was no detection of baiji, but 204 and 199 porpoises were counted acoustically by two vessels, respectively. In order to investigate the population trends of cetaceans, periodical survey is necessary. We installed A-tag on the cargo ship, which was operated 1100 km in the river once every month. An average of 6059 clicks and 95 porpoises were acoustically detected in each survey. Detected group sizes of the animals in 120-s time window were not significantly different among the surveys, but the distribution pattern suggested seasonal migration. The animals were detected in most of the survey range except two gap sections with 40 and 60 km lengths, down from Wuhan and Nanjing cities, respectively, where no animals were detected in the first three surveys. Fragmentation of population by anthropological factors was concerned. The cargo ship based passive acoustic survey was effective to monitor the distribution and population trend over time.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.3654878
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2011
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 219231-7
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Density estimation of Yangtze finless porpoises using passive acoustic sensors and automated click train detection
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2010
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 128, No. 3 ( 2010-09-01), p. 1435-1445
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 128, No. 3 ( 2010-09-01), p. 1435-1445
    Abstract: A method is presented to estimate the density of finless porpoises using stationed passive acoustic monitoring. The number of click trains detected by stereo acoustic data loggers (A-tag) was converted to an estimate of the density of porpoises. First, an automated off-line filter was developed to detect a click train among noise, and the detection and false-alarm rates were calculated. Second, a density estimation model was proposed. The cue-production rate was measured by biologging experiments. The probability of detecting a cue and the area size were calculated from the source level, beam patterns, and a sound-propagation model. The effect of group size on the cue-detection rate was examined. Third, the proposed model was applied to estimate the density of finless porpoises at four locations from the Yangtze River to the inside of Poyang Lake. The estimated mean density of porpoises in a day decreased from the main stream to the lake. Long-term monitoring during 466 days from June 2007 to May 2009 showed variation in the density 0–4.79. However, the density was fewer than 1 porpoise/km2 during 94% of the period. These results suggest a potential gap and seasonal migration of the population in the bottleneck of Poyang Lake.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.3442574
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2010
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 219231-7
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Effects of water levels on distribution patterns of the Yangtze finless porpoises in Poyang and Dongting Lakes, China
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2012
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 131, No. 4_Supplement ( 2012-04-01), p. 3361-3361
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 131, No. 4_Supplement ( 2012-04-01), p. 3361-3361
    Abstract: Two large freshwater lakes in China (Poyang and Dongting Lakes) are crucial habitats of the Yangtze finless porpoises. The lakes are confronted with threatens from low water levels. For evaluating possible impacts of low water levels on the porpoises in the lakes, the distribution patterns of the animals in the lakes were monitored in different seasons by using a boat-towing A-tag array from 2009 through 2011. The survey routes were almost same among different seasons. The acoustical detection number (i.e. encounter number) of porpoise in every 3-km section was calculated by counting the bearing angle traces of the sonar sources recorded by the array. The numbers in the same section were compared between high and low water level periods. Results indicated that porpoises appeared to congregate in deep water areas in low water level periods, while they tended to disperse toward the near shore waters in high water level periods. The results suggest concentration of individuals during low water level period. The variations of distribution patterns in different water level periods remind us that protection efforts should be focused on different areas according to the changes of water levels in different seasons.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4708665
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 219231-7
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Training non-native vowel perception: In quiet or noise
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2021
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 149, No. 6 ( 2021-06-01), p. 4607-4619
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 149, No. 6 ( 2021-06-01), p. 4607-4619
    Abstract: Noise makes speech perception much more challenging for non-native listeners than for native listeners. Training for non-native speech perception is usually implemented in quiet. It remains unclear if background noise may benefit or hamper non-native speech perception learning. In this study, 51 Chinese-native listeners were randomly assigned into three groups, including vowel training in quiet (TIQ), vowel training in noise (TIN), and watching videos in English as an active control. Vowel identification was assessed before (T1), right after (T2), and three months after training (T3) in quiet and various noise conditions. Results indicated that compared with the video watching group, the TIN group improved vowel identification in both quiet and noise significantly more at T2 and at T3. In contrast, the TIQ group improved significantly more in quiet and also in non-speech noise conditions at T2, but the improvement did not hold at T3. Moreover, compared to the TIQ group, the TIN group showed significantly less informational masking at both T2 and T3 and less energetic masking at T3. These results suggest that L2 speech training in background noise may improve non-native vowel perception more effectively than TIQ background only. The implications for non-native speech perception learning are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/10.0005276
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 219231-7
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Broadband, frequency-independent acoustic metasurfaces through inverse design
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2021
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 149, No. 4_Supplement ( 2021-04-01), p. A107-A107
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 149, No. 4_Supplement ( 2021-04-01), p. A107-A107
    Abstract: The recent development of acoustic metasurfaces has broadened the capabilities of wave engineering devices with a compact profile. However, the application of acoustic metasurfaces in many scenarios has been limited by their bandwidths. In this work, we report the realization of broadband acoustic metasurfaces that deliver frequency-independent functionalities. Three examples are demonstrated, namely beam steering, focusing and acoustic levitation with fixed refraction angle, constant focal depth and stable levitation. This is achieved by analyzing the requirement of each functionality and engineering the dispersion of the unit cells. The architecture of the unit cells is obtained through inverse design and each unit cell displays a unique dispersive response outlined by the theoretical requirements. The designed metasurface is experimentally verified and we demonstrate a fractional bandwidth of around 100% for all three functionalities. We also attempt to reveal the mechanism for such broadband by characterizing the behavior of representative unit cells.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/10.0004663
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Acoustic cues for lexical tone perception in hearing-impaired listeners
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2012
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 131, No. 4_Supplement ( 2012-04-01), p. 3479-3479
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 131, No. 4_Supplement ( 2012-04-01), p. 3479-3479
    Abstract: This series of studies was aimed to investigate how listeners with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and with auditory neuropathy syndrome disorder (ANSD) achieved lexical tone recognition using either the temporal envelope (E) or the fine structure (FS) cues. Five groups of Mandarin-speaking subjects, including (1) 22 normal-hearing subjects, (2) 8 moderate, (3) 13 moderate to severe, (4) 10 severe SNHL patients with various degrees of SNHL, and (5) 10 patients with ANSD, participated in the study. Monosyllabic words were processed through a 16-channel “auditory chimera” in which E from a monosyllabic word of one tone was paired with FS from the same monosyllable of other tones. On average, 92.0%, 67.4%, 58.1%, 37.5%, and 17.1% of the tone responses were consistent with FS cues, while 5.8%, 23.7%, 31.1%, 45.2%, 42.7% of the tone responses were consistent with E cues for the 5 groups of subjects mentioned above. Therefore, as the hearing loss becomes more severe, the ability of SNHL patients to use FS for tone recognition becomes more deteriorated. The ability of ANSD subjects to use FS is even poorer than patients with severe SNHL even though their pure-tone thresholds were only moderately elevated in the low and mid frequencies.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4709128
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2012
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 219231-7
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Passive acoustical counting of odontocetes using towed and stationed platforms.
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2009
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 125, No. 4_Supplement ( 2009-04-01), p. 2548-2548
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 125, No. 4_Supplement ( 2009-04-01), p. 2548-2548
    Abstract: Counting the number of animals is essential for monitoring and management of marine mammals. Autonomous stereo acoustic event recorder (A-tag) to identify each sound source enabled to count phonating odontocetes in the wild. Finless porpoises were surveyed by towed A-tags in 1100 km stretch of Yangtze River from Wuhan to Shanghai. The calculated detection probability using acoustic method was approximately twice that for visual detection. The difference in detection probabilities between the two methods was caused by the large number of single individuals that were missed by visual observers. However, acoustics tended to underestimate group size due to the limited resolution of sound source bearing angles. The detection performance regarding stationary acoustic monitoring of this species was also examined. Three stereo acoustic data loggers were placed at different locations near the confluence of Poyang Lake and the Yangtze River. Acoustic monitoring confirmed the low density bottle neck of the population between the lake and the river that was consistent with visual observations. The passive pulse event monitoring was proved to be a practical and useful alternative to visual observations, especially for long-term and range-wide monitoring.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.4783632
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 219231-7
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Comparison of stationary acoustic monitoring and visual observation of finless porpoises
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2009
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 125, No. 1 ( 2009-01-01), p. 547-553
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 125, No. 1 ( 2009-01-01), p. 547-553
    Abstract: The detection performance regarding stationary acoustic monitoring of Yangtze finless porpoises Neophocaena phocaenoides asiaeorientalis was compared to visual observations. Three stereo acoustic data loggers (A-tag) were placed at different locations near the confluence of Poyang Lake and the Yangtze River, China. The presence and number of porpoises were determined acoustically and visually during each 1-min time bin. On average, porpoises were acoustically detected 81.7±9.7% of the entire effective observation time, while the presence of animals was confirmed visually 12.7±11.0% of the entire time. Acoustic monitoring indicated areas of high and low porpoise densities that were consistent with visual observations. The direction of porpoise movement was monitored using stereo beams, which agreed with visual observations at all monitoring locations. Acoustic and visual methods could determine group sizes up to five and ten individuals, respectively. While the acoustic monitoring method had the advantage of high detection probability, it tended to underestimate group size due to the limited resolution of sound source bearing angles. The stationary acoustic monitoring method proved to be a practical and useful alternative to visual observations, especially in areas of low porpoise density for long-term monitoring.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.3021302
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 219231-7
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Simultaneous production of low- and high-frequency sounds by neonatal finless porpoises
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 2008
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 124, No. 2 ( 2008-08-01), p. 716-718
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 124, No. 2 ( 2008-08-01), p. 716-718
    Abstract: Phocoenids are generally considered to be nonwhistling species that produce only high-frequency pulsed sounds. Here our results show that neonatal finless porpoises (Neophocaena phocaenoides) frequently produce clear low-frequency (2–3kHz) pulsed signals, without distinct high-frequency energy, just after birth and can produce both low- (2–3kHz) and high-frequency ( & gt;100kHz) pulsed signals simultaneously until about 20days postnatal. The results indicate that low-frequency signals of neonatal finless porpoises are not an early form of high-frequency signals and suggest that low- and high-frequency signals may be produced by different sound production mechanisms.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.2945152
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 2008
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 219231-7
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