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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Vocal Loudness and Effort in Continuous Speech
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1969
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 46, No. 6B ( 1969-12-01), p. 1543-1548
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 46, No. 6B ( 1969-12-01), p. 1543-1548
    Abstract: The direct-magnitude-estimation scaling technique was used to investigate listener perception of vocal loudness and vocal effort of a continuous speech sample. Three experimental conditions were developed that represented (1) normal changes in loudness and effort, (2) intensity held constant and effort varied, and (3) intensity varied and effort constant. The speech samples were judged by 20 listeners on the magnitudes of loudness and of the amount of effort used by the speaker during phonation. Exponents of the loudness and effort functions (1.12 and 0.57, respectively) suggest that vocal loudness and effort are different percepts of the listener. An examination of the acoustic stimuli suggests that a systematic increase in stimulus bandwidth with an increase in vocal intensity may be related to judgments of both loudness and effort.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.1911899
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1969
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Flugel-Schmidt-Tanger: Worterbuch der Englischen und Deutschen Sprache fur Handund Schulgebrauch.
    JSTOR ; 1896
    In:  Modern Language Notes Vol. 11, No. 7 ( 1896-11), p. 213-
    Details
    In: Modern Language Notes, JSTOR, Vol. 11, No. 7 ( 1896-11), p. 213-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0149-6611
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2307/2918826
    RVK:
    EA 1000
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: JSTOR
    Publication Date: 1896
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2010798-5
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Comparison of auditory critical bands measured by loudness summation and acoustic reflexes
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1978
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 63, No. S1 ( 1978-05-01), p. S53-S53
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 63, No. S1 ( 1978-05-01), p. S53-S53
    Abstract: The critical bandwidth in four normal hearing listeners was examined using two different psychophysical methods. Loudness balances and acoustic reflex measures were made to a two-tone stimulus when the components comprising the complex were adjusted to an “equal intensity” level or an “equal reflex” level. Measurements following these adjustments facilitated the comparison of two-tone loudness summation with two-tone acoustic reflex threshold as a function of sound pressure level. Measurements were made centered around 1000 Hz for various bandwidth spacings of the two-tone complex ranging from 100 to 3000 Hz. The results indicate a difference in critical bandwidths which depends upon the method of adjustment of the two-tone complex (equal reflex vs. equal intensity) for both the loudness balance and the acoustic reflex tasks. By using similar durations, similar sound pressure levels, and similar adjustments of the two-tone complex the comparison of the two-tone acoustic reflex to the loudness of the eliciting signal was facilitated. For this procedure the acoustic reflex appeared to be loudness determined, at least at reflex threshold levels.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.2016706
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1978
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  • 4
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Differential Thresholds for Frequency
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1963
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 35, No. 5_Supplement ( 1963-05-01), p. 787-787
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 35, No. 5_Supplement ( 1963-05-01), p. 787-787
    Abstract: Differential thresholds for frequency at 40 dB SL and at octave intervals from 125 cps to 8 kc/sec, were measured using the method of constant stimulus differences with two procedures. In one case, following the usual practice, both the standard and variable stimuli were presented sequentially in time to the same ear. In the second case, the time sequence was identical but the standard stimulus was presented to one ear and the variable stimulus to the opposite ear. Data previously reported for the situation in which both stimuli are presented to both ears indicate that binaural thresholds are lower than monaural. In contrast to this, the present study shows that an alternate binaural presentation yields significantly higher differential thresholds for frequencies of 250 cps and above. This effect appears to be particularly marked at 8 kc/sec. In addition, the present results support the data of Harris, indicating that monaural differential thresholds at low frequencies are substantially smaller than those reported by Shower and Biddulph. [Supported in part by the National Science Foundation.]
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.2142437
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1963
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  • 5
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Frequency Discrimination following Exposure to Noise
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1967
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 41, No. 2 ( 1967-02-01), p. 448-457
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 41, No. 2 ( 1967-02-01), p. 448-457
    Abstract: Measures of threshold and frequency discrimination were obtained at 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz before and after exposure to wide-band noise. Two test-stimulus SPL's (sound-pressure levels) were used during the postexposure discrimination measures such that stimuli were presented at 10 or 40 dB SL (sensation level) re TTS3 (temporary threshold shift). The SPL remained constant throughout recovery during each experimental session. When test stimuli were equated in terms of SL, no differences between pre- and post-exposure jnd's (just-noticeable differences) were noted at 40 dB SL or greater at any frequency. At low stimulus SL's (10–20 dB), however, a differential effect on the jnd occurred owing to noise exposure that was not explainable in terms of TTS. At 4000 Hz (where maximum TTS occurred), there was little difference between pre- and postexposure jnd's. At 2000 Hz, a 10% impairment in the jnd existed in the latter stages of recovery. At 1000 Hz (no TTS), the postexposure jnd's were about 40% greater than pre-exposure jnd's and independent of recovery time. A paradox thus exists at low SL's between amount of threshold shift and frequency discrimination.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.1910356
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1967
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  • 6
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Het poetisch programma van Tachtig. Een vergelijkende studie
    JSTOR ; 1970
    In:  The Modern Language Review Vol. 65, No. 3 ( 1970-07), p. 719-
    Details
    In: The Modern Language Review, JSTOR, Vol. 65, No. 3 ( 1970-07), p. 719-
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0026-7937
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.2307/3723430
    RVK:
    EA 1000
    Language: Unknown
    Publisher: JSTOR
    Publication Date: 1970
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2046590-7
    SSG: 7,12
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  • 7
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Difference Limen for Frequency in the Presence of Masking
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1963
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 35, No. 11_Supplement ( 1963-11-01), p. 1881-1881
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 35, No. 11_Supplement ( 1963-11-01), p. 1881-1881
    Abstract: The monaural differential threshold for frequency at 1000 cps in the presence of wide-band masking was investigated in 26 listeners, using the method of constant stimulus differences. Enough masking was introduced into the same ear as the 1000-cps tone to raise the absolute threshold of the sinusoid 10 or 45 dB. Four SL's relative to masked threshold were investigated (5, 15, 25, and 35 dB SL). The DL was also obtained under quiet conditions at the four SL's listed above. The results indicate that the introduction of masking simultaneously with the sinusoid simply translated the function relating the DL to SL along an intensity dimension. That is, when SL is referred to either absolute threshold under conditions of quiet, or to masked threshold under conditions of masking, the DL functions are identical. Loudness and over-all SPL were found not to be of particular importance per se.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.2142634
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1963
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  • 8
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Identification of transition frequency and duration changes in synthetic speech as a function of hearing status and age
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1983
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 74, No. S1 ( 1983-11-01), p. S65-S65
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 74, No. S1 ( 1983-11-01), p. S65-S65
    Abstract: The identification of synthetic speech syllables which incorporated identical formant transition frequency changes in three different transition duration contexts (40, 120, 240 ms) or which incorporated identical transition duration changes in three different transition frequency contexts (where F2 locus was 800, 1520, or 2120 Hz) was assessed for young and old normal-hearing and sensorineurally hearing-impaired listeners. The older listeners, independent of hearing-impairment, demonstrated a significant decrement in identification performance for all experimental continua. The hearing-impaired listeners, independent of age, demonstrated a significant decrement in identification performance for most, but not all, experimental continua. Specifically, identification of syllables incorporating frequency changes was not significantly affected in the 240-ms duration context but significantly poorer in the contexts utilizing the two shorter transition durations. Furthermore, identification of syllables incorporating duration changes was not significantly affected in the 800-Hz transition locus context but significantly poorer in the higher frequency contexts.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.2021083
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1983
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  • 9
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Masking by Double-Sideband Suppressed Carrier Amplitude-Modulated Sinusoids
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1970
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 48, No. 1A_Supplement ( 1970-07-01), p. 77-77
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 48, No. 1A_Supplement ( 1970-07-01), p. 77-77
    Abstract: A variation of the two-tone masking technique was employed in an experiment designed to investigate the effects of stimulus intensity upon the critical band. The masker consisted of the upper and lower sidebands of an AM signal with the carrier signal suppressed. The test signal was a pulsed sinusoid equal to the carrier frequency and located midway between the two maskers. The spacing between the sidebands (Δf) of the masker, the masker SPL and the location of the masker (carrier/test frequency) were parametrically varied. As the test frequency increased, a peak (increase) in the masking audiogram occurred that was dependent upon Δf and SPL. As Δf increased, this peak occurred at a higher test frequency. With Δf held constant, the peak migrated to a lower frequency with increases in masker SPL. While the traditional two-tone masking technique generally results in critical band estimates that are dependent only upon frequency, the variation used in the present study leads to results that are dependent upon frequency and SPL.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.1975268
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1970
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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  • 10
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Variations in Two-Tone Masking Paradigms
    Acoustical Society of America (ASA) ; 1970
    In:  The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 48, No. 1A_Supplement ( 1970-07-01), p. 77-77
    Details
    In: The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Acoustical Society of America (ASA), Vol. 48, No. 1A_Supplement ( 1970-07-01), p. 77-77
    Abstract: The traditional two-tone masking technique typically uses a sinusoid or a narrow-band noise as a test signal located at a fixed, specified frequency, midway between two sinusoids. The masked threshold of the test signal is measured as the frequency separation between the maskers is varied in discrete steps. The present study generated the two-tone masker by modulation techniques. The frequency separation between the maskers were varied in discrete steps and also continuously with similar results. When the entire stimulus complex was swept over the audio range, as in the Booth and Brandt study, the threshold data with respect to critical band hypotheses became very complex. Implications of these procedural differences are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0001-4966 , 1520-8524
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1121/1.1975270
    RVK:
    EQ 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
    Publication Date: 1970
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1461063-2
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