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  • 1
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    Strain migration during multiphase extension, Stord Basin, northern North Sea rift
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Basin Research Vol. 33, No. 2 ( 2021-04), p. 1474-1496
    Details
    In: Basin Research, Wiley, Vol. 33, No. 2 ( 2021-04), p. 1474-1496
    Abstract: In regions experiencing multiple phases of extension, rift‐related strain can vary along and across the basin during and between each phase, and the location of maximum extension can differ between the rift phase. Despite having a general understanding of multiphase rift kinematics, it remains unclear why the rift axis migrates between extension episodes. The role pre‐existing structures play in influencing fault and basin geometries during later rifting events is also poorly understood. We study the Stord Basin, northern North Sea, a location characterised by strain migration between two rift episodes. To reveal and quantify the rift kinematics, we interpreted a dense grid of 2D seismic reflection profiles, produced time‐structure and isochore (thickness) maps, collected quantitative fault kinematic data and calculated the amount of extension ( β ‐factor). Our results show that the locations of basin‐bounding fault systems were controlled by pre‐existing crustal‐scale shear zones. Within the basin, Permo‐Triassic Rift Phase 1 (RP1) faults mainly developed orthogonal to the E‐W extension direction. Rift faults control the locus of syn‐RP1 deposition, whilst during the inter‐rift stage, areas of clastic wedge progradation are more important in controlling sediment thickness trends. The calculated amount of RP1 extension ( β ‐factor) for the Stord Basin is up to β  = 1.55 (±10%, 55% extension). During the subsequent Middle Jurassic‐Early Cretaceous Rift Phase 2 (RP2), however, strain localised to the west along the present axis of the South Viking Graben, with the Stord Basin being almost completely abandoned. Rift axis migration during RP2 is interpreted to be related to changes in lithospheric strength profile, possibly related to the ultraslow extension ( 〈 1 mm/year during RP1), the long period of tectonic quiescence (ca. 50 myr) between RP1 and RP2 and possible underplating. Our results highlight the very heterogeneous nature of temporal and lateral strain migration during and between extension phases within a single rift basin.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-091X , 1365-2117
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.v33.2
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.12522
    RVK:
    TE 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019914-4
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  • 2
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    Basin Research outstanding reviewers 2020–21
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Basin Research Vol. 34, No. 1 ( 2022-02), p. 1-2
    Details
    In: Basin Research, Wiley, Vol. 34, No. 1 ( 2022-02), p. 1-2
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-091X , 1365-2117
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.v34.1
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.12657
    RVK:
    TE 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019914-4
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  • 3
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    The evolution of catchment‐depositional system relationships on the dip slopes of intra‐rift basement highs: An example from the Frøya High, Mid‐Norwegian rifted margin
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Basin Research Vol. 35, No. 4 ( 2023-08), p. 1259-1287
    Details
    In: Basin Research, Wiley, Vol. 35, No. 4 ( 2023-08), p. 1259-1287
    Abstract: Basement highs form one of many potential sediment source areas during the evolution of continental rifts and rifted margins and add to the topographic complexity typical of active rifts. Footwall basement highs acting as a source area to sedimentary systems in the hangingwall of major faults have been documented in many systems worldwide. However, the back‐tilted footwall dip slopes of such highs have received comparatively little attention. Here, we investigate a subsurface case study from the Norwegian continental shelf, where catchments and shallow marine syn‐rift sedimentary systems on a dip slope are preserved due to early transgression of an intra‐rift high. At the onset of Late Jurassic rifting, the Frøya High emerged as a prominent, N‐S trending, 25 km‐wide basement high tilted towards the east in response to several kilometres of displacement along the Klakk Fault Complex, a major normal fault zone at the Frøya High's western edge. Using well‐calibrated 3D seismic reflection data, we observe a series of conspicuous Upper Jurassic wedges along the eastern edge of the Frøya High along the margin of the Froan Basin. Internally, these wedges show sigmoidal geometries marking top and foresets of clinoform packages with a maximum thickness of ca. 200 m with foresets between 30 and 200 m high, dipping ca. 10° towards the east, southeast and northeast. We interpret these wedges to represent a series of eastward prograding deltas positioned along a constructional shoreline, connected to E‐W trending valleys and river catchments up‐dip. The deltas show strong progradation, interpreted to reflect the impact of the continued uplift of their catchments prior to the abrupt termination of sediment supply from drainage capture by footwall scarp drainages. The presence of a connected, largely constructional shoreline has implications for Late Jurassic sediment distribution around the Frøya High, providing primary sedimentary input for longshore‐driven sedimentary systems in the Draugen Ridge to the north. Comparisons with other syn‐rift dip slope systems highlight a broadly similar evolution but shows a distinct lack of the protracted backstepping observed in other dip slope systems. We postulate that different structural configurations of dip slope systems, being footwall uplift or hangingwall subsidence driven, may drive the strongly progradational character of the deltaic systems on the Frøya High. The Frøya High example highlights the need to constrain primary sediment input points to aid the interpretation of volumetrically significant, but short‐lived and subtle depositional systems, especially within complex, tectonically active settings.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-091X , 1365-2117
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.v35.4
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.12753
    RVK:
    TE 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019914-4
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  • 4
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    Response of unconfined turbidity current to relay‐ramp topography: insights from process‐based numerical modelling
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Basin Research Vol. 30, No. 2 ( 2018-04), p. 321-343
    Details
    In: Basin Research, Wiley, Vol. 30, No. 2 ( 2018-04), p. 321-343
    Abstract: This natural‐scale experimental study combines structural modelling of soft‐linked normal‐fault relays with a CFD (computational fluid dynamics) numerical simulation of a range of unconfined turbidity currents overrunning the relay‐system topography. The flow, released from an upslope inlet gate 2000‐m wide and 50‐m to 100‐m high, rapidly expands and adjusts its thickness, velocity and sediment load to the substrate slope of 1.5°. A lower initial sediment concentration or smaller thickness renders the quasi‐steady flow slower and its sediment‐transport capacity lower. A 3D pattern of large interfering Kelvin‐Helmholtz waves causes fluctuations of the local flow velocity magnitude and sediment concentration. Four zones of preferential sediment deposition are recognized: a near‐gate zone of abrupt flow expansion and self‐regulation; a flow‐transverse zone on the counter‐slope of fault footwall edges; a flow‐transverse zone at the fault‐scarp toes and a similar transverse zone near the crest of the hanging wall counter‐slopes. The sand deposited on the counter‐slope tends to be re‐entrained and fed back to the current by a secondary reverse underflow. The spatial extent and sediment accumulation capacity of depozones depend upon the released current volume. The impact of relay system on an overrunning current depends upon the fault separation distance and stage of tectonic evolution. An early‐stage relay system, with small vertical displacement and little overlap of faults, is bypassed by the current with minimum flow disturbance and no pronounced deposition. An advanced‐stage system, with greater fault displacement and overlap, gives a similar hydraulic effect as a single fault segment if the fault separation is small. If the separation is relatively large, the flow tends to be internally redirected sideways from the ramp into the hanging wall synclinal depressions. Since normal‐fault relays are common features in extensional basins, the study bears important implications for turbiditic slope‐fan models and for the spatial sand prediction in subsurface exploration of faulted submarine slopes.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-091X , 1365-2117
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.2018.30.issue-2
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.12255
    RVK:
    TE 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019914-4
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  • 5
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    Supradetachment basins in necking domains of rifted margins: Insights from the Norwegian Sea
    Wiley ; 2022
    In:  Basin Research Vol. 34, No. 3 ( 2022-06), p. 991-1019
    Details
    In: Basin Research, Wiley, Vol. 34, No. 3 ( 2022-06), p. 991-1019
    Abstract: Supradetachment basins at passive rifted margins are a key witness of major‐continental extension, and they may preserve a record from which the amount and rates of extension and metamorphic core complex exhumation may be reconstructed. These basins have mainly been recognised in back‐arc and orogenic collapse settings, with few examples from rifted margins. Using 2D and 3D seismic reflection, wellbore, and gravity anomaly data, we here characterise the three‐dimensional structural and tectonosedimentary evolution of a spoon‐shaped supradetachment basin that was formed in the necking domain of a rifted margin, at the southern limit of the Møre and Vøring segments of the Norwegian rifted margin. The basin, with an areal extent of ca. 2400 km 2 , and a landward‐rotated syn‐tectonic succession up to ca. 30 km thick (true stratigraphic thickness), is separated from footwall continental margin core complex basement culminations by major large‐offset ( 〉 30 km) normal fault complexes characterised by a cross‐sectional geometry whereby an upper, steeper part of the fault gives way to a low‐angle detachment fault at depth. These fault complexes are associated with a tectonic thinning of the continental crust to ca. 11 km, compared with a crustal thickness of ca. 27 km in the proximal domain. The basin is filled by a succession of pre‐, syn‐ and post‐tectonic deposits, that accumulated over time as the basin evolved over a series of rift‐ and detachment faulting events. The 30 km thick syn‐tectonic succession reflects deposition during two separate rifting events, which are disconnected by deposits reflecting a relative short period of tectonic quiescence. The results are discussed in light of examples of supradetachment basins on other rifted margins globally, as well as in the context of the evolution of the Norwegian margin overall.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-091X , 1365-2117
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.v34.3
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.12648
    RVK:
    TE 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2022
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019914-4
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  • 6
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    Syn‐rift sediment gravity flow deposition on a Late Jurassic fault‐terraced slope, northern North Sea
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Basin Research Vol. 33, No. 3 ( 2021-06), p. 1844-1879
    Details
    In: Basin Research, Wiley, Vol. 33, No. 3 ( 2021-06), p. 1844-1879
    Abstract: Structurally controlled bathymetry in rifts has a significant influence on sediment routing pathways and depositional architecture of sediment gravity flow deposits. In contrast to rift segments characterized by crustal‐scale half‐grabens, the tectono‐stratigraphic evolution of deep‐water rift domains characterised by distributed faulting on narrow fault terraces has received little attention. We use 3D broadband seismic data, calibrated by boreholes, from the Lomre and Uer terraces in the northern North Sea rift to investigate Late Jurassic syn‐rift sediment gravity flow systems on fault‐terraced slopes. The sediment gravity flow fairways were sourced from hinterland drainages via basin margin deltaic systems on the Horda Platform to the southeast. The deep‐water sedimentary systems evolve from initial, widespread submarine channelized lobe complexes, through submarine channels, to incised submarine canyons. This progressive confinement of the sediment gravity flow system was concomitant with progressive localization of strain onto the main terrace‐bounding faults. Although the normal fault network on the terraces has local impact on deep‐water sediment transport and the architecture of gravity flow deposits, it is the regional basin margin to rift axis gradient that dominantly controls deep‐water sediment routing. Furthermore, the gravity flow deposits on the Lomre and Uer terraces were predominantly sourced by rift margin deltaic systems, not from erosion of local uplifted footwall crests, emphasising the significance of hinterland catchments in the development of volumetrically significant deep‐water syn‐rift depositional systems.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-091X , 1365-2117
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.v33.3
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.12538
    RVK:
    TE 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019914-4
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  • 7
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    Strike‐slip reactivation of segmented normal faults: Implications for basin structure and fluid flow
    Wiley ; 2018
    In:  Basin Research Vol. 30, No. 6 ( 2018-12), p. 1264-1279
    Details
    In: Basin Research, Wiley, Vol. 30, No. 6 ( 2018-12), p. 1264-1279
    Abstract: Reverse reactivation of normal faults, also termed “inversion”, has been extensively studied, whereas little is known about the strike‐slip reactivation of normal faults. At the same time, recognizing strike‐slip reactivation of normal faults in sedimentary basins is critical, as it may alter and impact basin physiography, accommodation and sediment supply and dispersal. Motivated by this, we present a study of a reactivated normal fault zone in the Liassic limestones and shales of Somerset, UK , to elucidate the effects of strike‐slip reactivation of normal faults, and the inherent deformation of relay zones that separate the original normal fault segments. The fault zone, initially extensional, exhibits a series of relay zones between right‐stepping segments, with the steps between the segments having subsequently become contractional due to sinistral strike‐slip movement. The relay zones have therefore been steepened and are cut by a series of connecting faults with reverse and strike‐slip components. The studied fault zone, and comparison with larger‐scale natural examples, leads us to conclude that the relays turned contractional steps are associated with (a) complex fault and fracture networks that accommodate shortening, (b) anomalously high numbers of fractures and faults, (c) layer‐parallel slip and (d) folding and uplift. Comparison with published statistics from global relay zones shows that whereas the reactivated relay zones feature aspect ratios similar to those of unreactivated relay zones, bed dips within reactivated relay zones are significantly steeper than unreactivated relay zones. Given the potential of reactivated relay zones to form areas of local uplift, they may affect basin structure and may also form potential traps for hydrocarbon or other fluids. The elevated faulting and fracturing, on the other hand, means reactivated relays are also likely loci for enhanced up‐fault flow.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-091X , 1365-2117
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.2018.30.issue-6
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.12303
    RVK:
    TE 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2018
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019914-4
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  • 8
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    Minibasin depocentre migration during diachronous salt welding, offshore Angola
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Basin Research Vol. 32, No. 5 ( 2020-10), p. 875-893
    Details
    In: Basin Research, Wiley, Vol. 32, No. 5 ( 2020-10), p. 875-893
    Abstract: Salt tectonics is an important part of the geological evolution of many continental margins, yet the four‐dimensional evolution of the minibasins, the fundamental building block of these and many other salt basins, remains poorly understood. Using high‐quality 3D seismic data from the Lower Congo Basin, offshore Angola we document the long‐term ( 〉 70 Myr) dynamics of minibasin subsidence. We show that, during the Albian, a broadly tabular layer of carbonate was deposited prior to substantial salt flow, diapirism, and minibasin formation. We identify four subsequent stages of salt‐tectonics and related minibasin evolution: (i) thin‐skinned extension (Cenomanian to Coniacian) driven by basinward tilting of the salt layer, resulting in the formation of low‐displacement normal faults and related salt rollers. During this stage, local salt welding led to the along‐strike migration of fault‐bound depocentres; (ii) salt welding below the eastern part of the minibasin (Santonian to Paleocene), causing a westward shift in depocentre location; (iii) welding below the minibasin centre (Eocene to Oligocene), resulting in the formation of a turtle and an abrupt shift of depocentres towards the flanks of the bounding salt walls; and (iv) an eastward shift in depocentre location due to regional tilting, contraction, and diapir squeezing (Miocene to Holocene). Our study shows that salt welding and subsequent contraction are key controls on minibasin geometry, subsidence and stratigraphic patterns. In particular, we show how salt welding is a protracted process, spanning  〉  70 Myr of the salt‐tectonic history of this, and likely other salt‐rich basins. The progressive migration of minibasin depocentres, and the associated stratigraphic architecture, record weld dynamics. Our study has implications for the tectono‐stratigraphic evolution of minibasins.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-091X , 1365-2117
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.v32.5
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.12404
    RVK:
    TE 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019914-4
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  • 9
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    Brecciation driven by changes in fluid column heights
    Wiley ; 2019
    In:  Terra Nova Vol. 31, No. 1 ( 2019-02), p. 76-81
    Details
    In: Terra Nova, Wiley, Vol. 31, No. 1 ( 2019-02), p. 76-81
    Abstract: A mechanism is presented for the pulses of high fluid pressure ( P F ) necessary for fluid‐assisted brecciation. Establishment of hydraulic‐ or pneumatic‐connectivity between rock masses with different P F can cause overpressure in the higher rocks because the P F gradient is parallel to the hydrostatic gradient (the centroid effect). P F can become high enough to create a fracture network, with an influx of fluids and mineralisation occurring as fluids migrate to areas of lower P F . Changes in P F caused by the centroid effect can cause other structures and seismicity.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0954-4879 , 1365-3121
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/ter.2019.31.issue-1
    DOI: 10.1111/ter.12371
    RVK:
    TE 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2019
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1000080-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020958-7
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  • 10
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    Nature of Palaeozoic extension in Lofoten, north Norwegian Continental Shelf: insights from 3‐D seismic analysis of a Cordilleran‐style metamorphic core complex
    Wiley ; 2014
    In:  Terra Nova Vol. 26, No. 3 ( 2014-06), p. 247-252
    Details
    In: Terra Nova, Wiley, Vol. 26, No. 3 ( 2014-06), p. 247-252
    Abstract: Analyses of 3‐D seismic data reveal that pre‐Triassic basins are present underneath the Mesozoic North Træna Basin (Lofoten Margin, Norway). These are linked to a Cordilleran‐style metamorphic core complex that developed in Palaeozoic times, including rotated fault blocks with hanging wall ‘growth’ wedges, bounded by listric faults that sole into a sub‐horizontal detachment. On the basis of similarity in age, structural style and transport direction, we propose a kinematic link with a Permian mylonitic detachment documented onshore. This study presents the first offshore evidence for Palaeozoic detachment faulting, elucidating the mechanisms behind the long‐lived exhumation history of the Lofoten basement.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0954-4879 , 1365-3121
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/ter.2014.26.issue-3
    DOI: 10.1111/ter.12098
    RVK:
    TE 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2014
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 1000080-X
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2020958-7
    SSG: 13
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