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  • 1
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    Upslope‐climbing shelf‐edge clinoforms and the stepwise evolution of the northern European glaciation (lower Pleistocene Eridanos Delta system, U.K. North Sea): When sediment supply overwhelms accommodation
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Basin Research Vol. 32, No. 2 ( 2020-04), p. 224-239
    Details
    In: Basin Research, Wiley, Vol. 32, No. 2 ( 2020-04), p. 224-239
    Abstract: Clinoforms are basinward‐dipping and accreting palaeo‐bathymetric profiles that record palaeo‐environmental conditions and processes; thus, clinothems represent natural palaeo‐archives. Here, we document shelf‐edge scale clinoform sets which prograded through the entire width of an epicontinental marine basin (ca. 400 km), eventually encroaching onto the opposite basin flank, where they started to prograde upslope and landward, in defiance of gravity (“upslope‐climbing clinoforms”). The giant westward‐prograding Eridanos muddy shelf‐edge clinothem originated from the Baltic hinterland in the Oligocene and achieved maximum regression in the Early Pleistocene, on the UK Central Graben (CG) and Mid North Sea High (MNSH), after crossing the whole North Sea mesopelagic depocentre and causing near complete basin infill. Here we integrate well and seismic data through the MNSH and CG and examine the Eridanos final heyday and demise, identifying five clinothem complexes (A1, A2, A3, B and C) and six depositional sequence boundaries (SB1 to SB6) in the Miocene‐Recent section. Tectonic and climatic events drove the recent evolution of this system. Early Pleistocene climate cooling, in particular, resulted in a stepwise increase in sediment supply. This climaxed in the earliest Calabrian, following a likely Eburonian eustatic fall (=SB3) when the Eridanos clastic wedge was restructured from a 100–300 m thick compound shelf‐edge and delta system to a “hybrid” shelf‐edge delta at sequence boundary SB3 (ca. 1.75 Ma). In the ca. 40 kyr that followed SB3, a progradation rate peak ( 〉 1,000 m/kyr) is associated with clinoforms starting to accrete upslope, onto the east‐dipping slope between CG and MNSH. This “upslope‐climbing clinoform” phase was quickly followed by the maximum regression and final retreat of the Eridanos system in the Early Calabrian (=SB4), likely as the result of climate‐driven changes in the Baltic hinterland and/or delta auto‐retreat. To our knowledge, this contributions represents the first documentation of “upslope‐climbing clinoforms” recorded in the stratigraphic record.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-091X , 1365-2117
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.v32.2
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.12379
    RVK:
    TE 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019914-4
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  • 2
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    Assessing first‐order BQART estimates for ancient source‐to‐sink mass budget calculations
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Basin Research Vol. 33, No. 4 ( 2021-07), p. 2435-2452
    Details
    In: Basin Research, Wiley, Vol. 33, No. 4 ( 2021-07), p. 2435-2452
    Abstract: Constraining the timing and volume of sediment dispersal in an ancient sedimentary system is vital to understand a basin's infill history. One preferred method for a first‐order approximation of ancient sediment load estimates, the BQART model, is based on empirical observations of modern river systems relating basin morphology, topography, climate, run‐off and bedrock characteristics. Despite the popularity of such methods, a comprehensive assessment on the validity of using modern river observations to measure sediment load on geological timescales is lacking. Here, we investigate the uncertainties, sensitivities and practicalities surrounding the use of modern empirical observations in general and the BQART model in particular, to evaluate ancient sediment river loads. Although catchment area and relief are the least constrained parameters in an ancient sedimentary system, the temperature parameter may have an even more significant impact in the range of predicted sediment load estimates using a BQART approach. The applicability of BQART is most suitable for regional to continental scale source‐to‐sink systems that are based on robust paleogeographic and paleoclimatic models of cold ( 〈 2°C) or warm temperate ( 〉 8°C) climates. One further needs to consider the high amplitude discharge events that can dominate the stratigraphic record which are not captured by historical observations of sediment load over a 30‐year period. In addition, our limited understanding of bedload material transport and an unknown pristine environment in the Anthropocene reduce the reliability of modern sediment load estimates for the ancient. Mass budget estimates in deep time based on empirical relationships of modern river systems can thus provide first‐order estimates within an order of magnitude but need to consider the limitations imposed by extrapolating the modern to the ancient. Here, we present a framework to consider the suitability of the BQART method for ancient source‐to‐sink mass budget analyses.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-091X , 1365-2117
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.v33.4
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.12563
    RVK:
    TE 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019914-4
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  • 3
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    A comparison of ancient deltaic shoreline progradation with modern deltaic progradation rates: Unravelling the temporal structure of the shallow‐marine Blackhawk Formation, Upper Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway, USA
    Wiley ; 2023
    In:  Basin Research Vol. 35, No. 2 ( 2023-04), p. 825-841
    Details
    In: Basin Research, Wiley, Vol. 35, No. 2 ( 2023-04), p. 825-841
    Abstract: Understanding how sedimentary rocks represent time is one of the significant challenges in sedimentology. Sedimentation rates retrieved from vertical sections are strongly timescale dependent, which means that we cannot use empirical rate data derived from vertical sections in modern environments to interpret the temporal structure of ancient sedimentary deposits. We use the Lower to Middle Campanian Blackhawk Formation deposits in eastern Utah and western Colorado as a natural laboratory to test a source‐to‐sink methodology circumventing this timescale dependence by relating modern progradation rates to the deltaic shoreline progradation of ancient siliciclastic rocks. Our objective is to quantify how much time is needed to account for the observed cumulative deltaic shoreline progradation recorded by the shallow‐marine sandstone bodies of the Blackhawk Formation in terms of progradation rates derived from comparable modern deltaic systems. By making the simplifying assumption that the Blackhawk Formation rocks were deposited along a linear coastline that only grew by aggradation and progradation, it is possible to argue that the stratigraphic completeness of two‐dimensional dip‐oriented stratigraphic cross‐sections through these deposits should be high. Furthermore, we hypothesise that delta progradation estimates capture a significant portion of the biostratigraphically and radiometrically constrained duration of the succession. By comparing the recorded progradation with modern progradation rates, we estimate that we need ca. 20% (median value, with minimum and maximum estimates of 2% and 300%) of the time available from biostratigraphic and radiometric dating to account for the progradation recorded by the sedimentary deposits. This indicates that long‐term progradation rates averaged over the entire duration of the Blackhawk Formation were only a factor of five times slower than the modern progradation rates derived from observations over periods that are five to six orders of magnitude shorter. We conclude that a significant amount of time is represented by prograding deltaic shoreline deposits and that by considering the cumulative shoreline progradation, we could limit the effects of timescale dependence on the rate estimates used in our analysis.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-091X , 1365-2117
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.v35.2
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.12737
    RVK:
    TE 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2023
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019914-4
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  • 4
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    Shelf edge and shoreline trajectories, a dynamic approach to stratigraphic analysis
    Wiley ; 2009
    In:  Basin Research Vol. 21, No. 5 ( 2009-10), p. 445-453
    Details
    In: Basin Research, Wiley, Vol. 21, No. 5 ( 2009-10), p. 445-453
    Abstract: The Shelf Edge and Shoreline Trajectories Conference, convened in Tromsø, Norway, during the autumn of 2007, was attended by a group of specialists working in the crossover between industry and academia. This paper introduces the concepts of shelf edge‐ and shoreline‐trajectory analysis, and discusses some of the advantages of applying such concepts in contrast to more traditional sequence stratigraphic analysis. This special issue of Basin Research focuses on how observations of outcrop and subsurface datasets, particularly three‐dimensional (3D) seismic data, may be used as an aid to identify palaeo‐shelf edges and shorelines. Moreover, the approach shows how linking the cross‐sectional path of a shoreline as it migrates (shoreline trajectory) and the pathway taken by the shelf‐edge during the development of a series of accreting clinoforms (shelf‐edge trajectory) to the analysis of sedimentological or seismic facies can improve predictions of lithology distribution. The following 15 papers present well‐documented case studies from a variety of shelf and shelf‐margin settings where these concepts have been applied to depositional systems ranging in age from Permian to Recent. A wide spectrum of data types and methods, including two dimensional and 3D seismic data, well logs and core material as well as high‐resolution biostratigraphy, outcrop studies and modern bathymetric data have been applied in the various papers. Despite the considerable age range of the deposits investigated and the data types used for the studies, all of the authors have converged towards the objective approach of trajectory analysis. However, any analytical method has some uncertainty attached to it, and a discussion of possible pitfalls and sources of error is also a part of this introductory paper. Although this special issue presents some recent advances in the way to conduct stratigraphic analysis, we realise that this is only a further step in an evolving discipline. Development of sequence stratigraphic concepts will continue, and new contributions will evaluate past work as they seek to develop the subject.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-091X , 1365-2117
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.2009.21.issue-5
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2117.2009.00432.x
    RVK:
    TE 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019914-4
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  • 5
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    Clinoforms and clinothems: Fundamental elements of basin infill
    Wiley ; 2020
    In:  Basin Research Vol. 32, No. 2 ( 2020-04), p. 187-205
    Details
    In: Basin Research, Wiley, Vol. 32, No. 2 ( 2020-04), p. 187-205
    Abstract: This special issue dealing with the recent advances on modern and ancient clinoform‐stratified sedimentary successions arises from a European Geoscience Union (EGU) session “Clinoform drivers and stratigraphic products in siliciclastic and carbonate successions”, Vienna, April 2018. Clinoforms and clinothems represent a dominant architectural style of strata in many sedimentary environments, including deltaic and nondeltaic shorelines in both marine and lacustrine settings, and are one of the key building blocks of the sedimentary record. This Special Issue in Basin Research aspires to represent a step forward in understanding formation and preservation of these fundamental stratigraphic elements. As this Special Issue documents, a comprehensive understanding of clinoformal strata requires a multidisciplinary and multi‐scale approach. Sixteen papers present case studies from a variety of tectonic settings worldwide, investigated with an array of methods, including seismo‐stratigraphy, well logs, cores, high‐resolution biostratigraphy, outcrop studies and modern bathymetric data. While observations document sedimentary processes and products in sedimentary basins, numerical models are necessary to provide a quantitative basis for the extrapolation of these processes and strata at different temporal and spatial scales. The papers highlight at least five main research avenues that we briefly introduce and discuss below: (a) clinoforms and clinothems as sedimentary archives; (b) the nested nature of clinoformal strata and implications for the trajectory of the rollover point(s); (c) quantitative clinoform parameters and dynamic indices; (d) architecture, growth and sequence stratigraphy of marine versus lacustrine clinoformal strata; and (e) clinoforms and geological time. This introduction also contains brief descriptions of each paper of the Special Issue.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-091X , 1365-2117
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.v32.2
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.12446
    RVK:
    TE 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2020
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019914-4
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  • 6
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    The Svalbard Eocene‐Oligocene (?) Central Basin succession: Sedimentation patterns and controls
    Wiley ; 2021
    In:  Basin Research Vol. 33, No. 1 ( 2021-02), p. 729-753
    Details
    In: Basin Research, Wiley, Vol. 33, No. 1 ( 2021-02), p. 729-753
    Abstract: A synthesis has been undertaken based on regionally compiled data from the post early Eocene foreland basin succession of Svalbard. The aim has been to generate an updated depositional model and link this to controlling factors. The more than kilometer thick progradational succession includes the offshore shales of the Gilsonryggen Member of the Frysjaodden Formation, the shallow marine sandstones of the Battfjellet Formation and the predominantly heterolithic Aspelintoppen Formation, together recording the progressive eastwards infill of the foredeep flanking the West Spitsbergen fold‐and‐thrust belt. Here we present a summary of the paleo‐environmental depositional systems across the basin, their facies and regional distribution and link these together in an updated depositional model. The basin‐margin system prograded with an ascending shelf‐edge trajectory in the order of 1°. The basin fill was bipartite, with offset stacked shelf and shelf‐edge deltas, slope clinothems and basin floor fans in the western and deepest part and a simpler architecture of stacked shelf‐deltas in the shallower eastern part. We suggest a foredeep setting governed by flexural loading, likely influenced by buckling, and potentially developing into a wedge top basin in the mature stage of basin filling. High‐subsidence rates probably counteracted eustatic falls with the result that relative sea‐level falls were uncommon. Distance to the source terrain was small and sedimentation rates was temporarily high. Time‐equivalent deposits can be found outbound of Stappen High in the Vestbakken Volcanic Province and the Sørvestsnaget Basin 300 km further south on the Barents Shelf margin. We cannot see any direct evidence of coupling between these more southerly systems and the studied one; southerly diversion of the sediment‐routing, if any, may have taken place beyond the limit of the preserved deposits.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-091X , 1365-2117
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.v33.1
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.12492
    RVK:
    TE 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2021
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  • 7
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    Relationships between morphological and sedimentological parameters in source-to-sink systems: a basis for predicting semi-quantitative characteristics in subsurface systems
    Wiley ; 2009
    In:  Basin Research Vol. 21, No. 4 ( 2009-08), p. 361-387
    Details
    In: Basin Research, Wiley, Vol. 21, No. 4 ( 2009-08), p. 361-387
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-091X , 1365-2117
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.2009.21.issue-4
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2117.2009.00397.x
    RVK:
    TE 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2009
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019914-4
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  • 8
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    Seismic modeling of Tertiary sandstone clinothems, Spitsbergen
    Wiley ; 1994
    In:  Basin Research Vol. 6, No. 4 ( 1994-12), p. 181-191
    Details
    In: Basin Research, Wiley, Vol. 6, No. 4 ( 1994-12), p. 181-191
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-091X , 1365-2117
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.1994.6.issue-4
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2117.1994.tb00084.x
    RVK:
    TE 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 1994
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019914-4
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  • 9
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    Depositional systems in multiphase rifts: seismic case study from the Lofoten margin, N orway
    Wiley ; 2017
    In:  Basin Research Vol. 29, No. 4 ( 2017-08), p. 447-469
    Details
    In: Basin Research, Wiley, Vol. 29, No. 4 ( 2017-08), p. 447-469
    Abstract: The evolution of depositional systems in multiphase rifts is influenced by the selective reactivation of faults between subsequent rift phases. The Middle Jurassic to Palaeocene tectonic history of the Lofoten margin, a segment of the North Atlantic rift system, is characterised by three distinct rift phases separated by long ( 〉 20 Myr) inter‐rift periods. The initial rift phase comprised a distinct fault initiation and linkage stage, whereas the later rift phases were characterised by selective reactivation of previously linked through‐going faults which resulted in immediate rift climax. Using 2‐D and 3‐D seismic reflection data in conjunction with shallow core data we present a 100 Myr record of shallow to deep marine depositional environments that includes deltaic clinoform packages, slope aprons and turbidite fans. The rapid re‐establishment of major faults during the later rift phases impacts on drainage systems and sediment supply. Firstly, the immediate localisation of strain and accumulation of displacement on few faults results in pronounced footwall uplift and possible fault block rotation along those faults, which makes it more likely for any antecedent fault‐transverse depositional systems to become reversed. Secondly, any antecedent axially‐sourced depositional systems that are inherited from the foregoing rift phase(s) are likely to be sustained after reactivation because such axial systems have already been directed around fault tips. Hence, the immediate localisation of strain through selective reactivation in the later rift phases restricts fault‐transverse sediment supply more than axial sediment supply, which is likely to be a key aspect of the tectono‐sedimentary evolution of multiphase rifts.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    ISSN: 0950-091X , 1365-2117
    URL: Issue
    URL: Article
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.2017.29.issue-4
    DOI: 10.1111/bre.12183
    RVK:
    TE 1000
    Language: English
    Publisher: Wiley
    Publication Date: 2017
    detail.hit.zdb_id: 2019914-4
    SSG: 16,13
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