In:
American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, American Physiological Society, Vol. 302, No. 3 ( 2012-02), p. H515-H526
Abstract:
Many studies have implicated the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) family of nuclear receptor transcription factors in regulating cardiac substrate metabolism and ATP generation. Recently, evidence from a variety of cell culture and organ systems has implicated ubiquitin and small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) conjugation as post-translational modifications that regulate the activity of PPAR transcription factors and their coreceptors/coactivators. Here we introduce the ubiquitin and SUMO conjugation systems and extensively review how they have been shown to regulate all three PPAR isoforms (PPARα, PPARβ/δ, and PPARγ) in addition to the retinoid X receptor and PPARγ coactivator-1α subunits of the larger PPAR transcription factor complex. We then present how the specific ubiquitin (E3) ligases have been implicated and review emerging evidence that post-translational modifications of PPARs with ubiquitin and/or SUMO may play a role in cardiac disease. Because PPAR activity is perturbed in a variety of forms of heart disease and specific proteins regulate this process (E3 ligases), this may be a fruitful area of investigation with respect to finding new therapeutic targets.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
ISSN:
0363-6135
,
1522-1539
DOI:
10.1152/ajpheart.00703.2011
Language:
English
Publisher:
American Physiological Society
Publication Date:
2012
detail.hit.zdb_id:
1477308-9
SSG:
12
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