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  • 11
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    Springer
    In:  Geologische Rundschau, 84 . pp. 860-864.
    Publication Date: 2015-04-28
    Description: Rubrik "Neues aus dem Geologenarchiv (1994)": Da die Jahresversammlung 1995 in Bremen vor allem der Meeresgeologie gewidmet war, soll durch die Veröffentlichung eines im Archiv verwahrten Briefs zur Planung der ersten "Meteor"-Expedition an den Wiederbeginn der deutschen Hochseeforschung nach dem ersten Weltkrieg erinnert werden. Scon im Sommer 1919 wurden in der Admiralität der damaligen Reichsmarine Pläne erörtert, wie man wieder an die Tradition der Forschungsfahrten der Kaiserlichen Marine mit S.M.S.S. "Gazelle", "Planet" und "Möwe" anknüpfen könne. Ein 1915 vom Stapel gelaufenes Kanonenboot "Meteor" bot sich zum Ausbau als Forschungsschiff an (F. Spiess, 1928). Vorschläge für Forschungsfahrten wurnden von der Deutschen Seewarte und vom Berliner Institut für Meereskunde eingeholt. Dessen damaliger Direktor, der vor allem durch seine Eiszeitforschungen bekannt gewordene Geograph Geheimrat Professor Albrecht Penck (Leipzig 1858 - Prag 1945), legte daraufhin der Marineleitung eine Denkschrift seines Abteilungsvorstands Alfred Merz (Wien 1880 - Buenos Aires 1925) für eine dreijährige Expedition in den Pazifik vor. (Auszug)
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 12
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    Boehringer
    In:  Naturwissenschaft und Medizin, 4 (25). pp. 25-38.
    Publication Date: 2015-03-16
    Description: Kontinente und Inseln sind nur ein kleiner Teil des Reliefs der Erdoberfläche: unter den Ozeanen und Meeren setzen sich Gebirge und Gräben, ja selbst die Bette der großen Ströme fort. In den letzten 20 Jahren sind außerordentliche Fortschritte in der Erforschung des Meeresbodens gemacht worden, doch überwiegen immer noch die weißen Flecke submariner terrae incognitae auf den Karten der untermeerischen Landschaft.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 13
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    Laboratoire de Géographie Physique, Paris
    In:  Révue de Géographie Physique et de Géologie Dynamique, 9 (5). pp. 371-384.
    Publication Date: 2015-03-16
    Description: The Baltic Sea may be taken as a standard inland sea under wet climatic conditions, and the great diversity found in its sedimentary features makes it an excellent model for investigations. That sea offers a high complexity of its geography as well as its bathymetry (shallow-water sills, numerous annex basins). The shallow depth of the straits, joinde to the alternate winds system give rise to peculiar hydrological conditions (water movements, thermal stratification, vertical salinity gradients, reducing environments, and so on ...). The wind-rised currents disturb largely the bathymetric distribution of the deposits (transportation, vanning, resedimentation). Fast changes in salinity alter the benthos composition too, in time as in space. Eustatic and epeirogenic movements, in consequence of the shallow depth of the straits, strongly change ecological and sedimentary characteristics. These data may be useful for the study of paleo-basins of the same type.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 14
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    Springer
    In:  Geologische Rundschau, 87 (2). pp. 518-521.
    Publication Date: 2018-01-25
    Description: Rubrik "Neues aus dem Geologenarchiv (1997)"
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 15
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    Springer
    In:  Naturwissenschaften, 78 . pp. 383-384.
    Publication Date: 2018-01-25
    Description: Seit jeher will der Geologe wissen, aus welchem Material die Erde besteht, wie ihre Struktur aussieht und welche physikalischen, chemischen und biologischen Vorgänge dabei im Laufe der Erdgeschichte zusammengewirkt haben. Indessen muß er sich, wie alle Historiker, auch heute noch weitgehend damit bescheiden zu ermitteln, wie und wann etwas geschehen ist, und nicht, warum. Daran ist vor allem die Komplexität der Fragen schuld und die Schwierigkeit, einschlägig zu experimentieren.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 16
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    Springer
    In:  International Journal of Earth Sciences, 91 . pp. 1081-1093.
    Publication Date: 2018-01-25
    Description: Rubrik "Neues aus dem Geologenarchiv (2002)"- Alfred Bentz was the leading oil geologist in Germany during the Third Reich, the World War II and thereafter. His relevant activities are treated here mainly on the base of documents in the Geologenarchiv Freiburg. In spite of his prominent position during the Nazi Regime he can obviously not be blamed for personal guilt. As a loyal civil servant he was embedded in the tragic German fate in these years.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 17
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    Deutsche Gesellschaft für Polarforschung; Alfred-Wegener-Institu für Polar- und Meeresforschung
    In:  Polarforschung, 71 (3). pp. 121-148.
    Publication Date: 2016-10-07
    Description: The attempt, from the 16th century on, to open up the Northeast Passage for marine trade in East Asian textiles and exotic spices was a driving force belund the exploration of the Russian Arctic eoast. The aim in doing this was to brcak the Portugucsc and Spanisch trade monopoly. Until the late Middle Ages thcre existed antique notions of a ring-like ocean surrounding the Earth's land mass. These formed part of the background to the quest for the passage. In addition thcre was vague information garnered from Pliny the EIder that was used for eartographical purposes until the beginning of the 18th century. Aecording to Pliny the eoast of North Siberia was formed by a vast bay flanked by two promontories, the Scythian Cape and Cape Tabin. Following some fairly unsuccessful British attempts, Dutch explorers succeeded in drawing up maps which reached the western coast of the island of Novaya Zemlya. These maps were produced before the end of the 16th century, However, because of icc conditions, the Dutch did not manage to find thcir way into the Kara Sea at the island's southern end. It was not until the 18th century that new progress was made. The progress resulted from Peter the Great's re-orientation of Russia towards the west which entailed extending invitations to western specialists. He also initiated the "Great Northern Expedition" (1733-1743) during which large parts of the coast east of Novaya Zemlya were mapped for the first time. It is interesting that c1imatic conditions in Siberia made it necessary to explore downriver, in contrast to normal mapping procedures during the Age of Discovery, these normally involved exploring continents in the opposite direction, i.e. upriver from the coasts. One of the results of the Great Northern Expedition was that Vitus Jonassen Bering confirmed that Asia is not physically connected to America. In addition, improved astronomieal positioning allowed him to prove that in approximately 70 degrees North Siberia comprises roughly 130 degrees of longitude, as opposed to the 90 degrees given in all previous maps. This meant that Siberia, and thus also the voyagc through the Northcast Passage, was in fact about 1600 km longer than they had been previously thought to bc. Seientific progress, in this ca se in cartography, was thus driven by the econornic interests of Western Europe and by the economic and political interests of Peter the Great, as well as by methodologieal innovations.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 18
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    International Union of Geological Sciences
    In:  Episodes: Journal of International Geoscience, 13 (3). pp. 167-168.
    Publication Date: 2016-10-07
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 19
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    Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel. Institut für Geowissenschaften
    In:  Meyniana, 54 . pp. 5-15.
    Publication Date: 2020-07-01
    Description: Vor fast einem halben Jahrhundert, am 9. Juli 1958, hatte meine Antrittsvorlesung in Kiel die Zwitterstellung der Geologie zum Inhalt. Einerseits muss sie die Gesetze der Physik, Chemie und der Biologie anwenden und auch versuchen, solche abzuleiten. Andererseits ist sie eine historische Wissenschaft, hat also mit einer vektoriellen Zeit zu tun. Sie geht damit Singularitäten nach und individualisiert sowohl zeitlich als auch räumlich. Bei allen beeindruckenden Fortschritten bei quantitativen Methoden bleibt dieses grundsätzliche Ziel bestehen.
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  • 20
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    Senckenbergische Naturforschende Gesellschaft
    In:  Natur und Museum, 113 (8/9). pp. 262-277.
    Publication Date: 2015-02-24
    Type: Article , NonPeerReviewed
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