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  • 1
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    Response of zooplankton community succession and trophic links to simulated upwelling conditions during a mesocosm experiment in the coastal upwelling off Callao Bay (Peru) in austral summer 2017 (KOSMOS 2017 Peru mesocosm study) (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-19
    Description: Increasing upwelling intensity and shoaling of the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) is projected for Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems (EBUSs) under ocean warming which may have severe consequences for mesopelagic food webs, trophic transfer, and fish production also in the Humboldt Current Upwelling System (HUS). To improve our mechanistic understanding, from February 23, 2017 until April 14, 2017 we performed a 50 days mesocosm experiment in the northern HUS (off Callao Bay, Peru) and monitored the zooplankton development prior to and following a simulated upwelling event through the addition of deeper water of two different OMZ-influenced subsurface waters to four of in total eight mesocosms. To elucidate plankton dynamics and trophic relationships, we followed the temporal development of the mesozooplankton community in relation to that of phytoplankton, analyzed the fatty acid composition and gut fluorescence of dominant copepods, and determined the stable isotope (SI) and elemental composition (C:N) of dominant zooplankton taxa. Zooplankton samples were collected from the mesocosms over the entire experiment duration using an Apstein net (17 cm diameter, 100 µm mesh) to determine abundance and taxonomic composition of the zooplankton community, and to analyze fatty acid composition, gut fluorescence and elemental composition of dominant zooplankton. Furthermore, abundance and biomass of zooplankton groups was estimated from scanned ZooScan images.
    Keywords: Abundance; Biomass; Climate - Biogeochemistry Interactions in the Tropical Ocean; Coastal Upwelling System in a Changing Ocean; CUSCO; Gut fluorescence; Humboldt Current System; KOSMOS_2017; KOSMOS_2017_Peru; KOSMOS Peru; Lipid; MESO; mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm experiment; Oxygen Minimun zone; SFB754; Stable isotopes; Zooplankton
    Type: dataset bundled publication
    Format: application/zip, 5 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 2
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    Fatty acid and stable isotope composition of zooplankton, fishes and sea birds from the northern Humboldt Current System during Maria S. Merian cruise MSM80 (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-19
    Description: A combined stable isotope and fatty acid trophic biomarker approach was adopted for key zooplankton taxa and higher trophic positions of the northern Humboldt Current System to elucidate the pelagic food-web structure and to better understand trophic interactions. Samples covered an extensive spatial range from 8.5°S to 16°S and a vertical range down to 1,000 m depth. Immediately after each haul, specimens were sorted alive in the lab and apparently live and healthy individuals were stored in vials and deep-frozen at -80°C until further lipid and stable isotope analyses. The comprehensive data set covered over 20 zooplankton taxa and indicated that three biomass-rich crustacean species usually dominated the zooplankton community, i.e., the copepods Calanus chilensis at the surface and Eucalanus inermis in the pronounced oxygen minimum zone and the krill Euphausia mucronata, resulting in an overall low number of major trophic pathways toward anchovies. In addition, the semi-pelagic squat lobster Pleuroncodes monodon appears to play a key role in the benthic-pelagic coupling. By partly feeding on benthic resources and by diel vertical migration, P. monodon provides a unique pathway for returning carbon and energy from the sea floor to the epipelagic layer, increasing the food supply for pelagic fish.
    Keywords: Coastal Upwelling System in a Changing Ocean; CUSCO
    Type: dataset bundled publication
    Format: application/zip, 2 datasets
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 3
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    Stable isotope composition of zooplankton, fishes and sea birds from the northern Humboldt Current System during Maria S. Merian cruise MSM80 (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-19
    Description: Stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen (δ13C, δ15N) were analyzed using a mass spectrometer with IAEA-VPDB (IAEA-C1) and atmospheric air (IAEA-N1) as standards, respectively. Two different approaches were used to determine a δ15N baseline for the food web of the northern Humboldt Current System. i) Particulate organic matter (POM) samples representing trophic position 1 and ii) Filter-feeding salps (Iasis cylindrica) as primary consumers representing trophic position 2. In general, low isotope ratios at the surface occurred in Thaliacea (I. cylindrica and Pyrosoma sp.). δ15N values of copepods inhabiting waters 〈50 m depth ranged from 3.9 ± 0.2‰ in Nannocalanus minor to 6.7 ± 0.6‰ in Calanus chilensis. Deeper-living copepods (〉200 m depth) within the oxygen minimum zone had about 4 to 8‰ higher δ15N values (~11-15‰) than surface living ones. For the diel vertical migrating euphausiids, mean δ15N and δ13C' values were in a similar range as for copepods from the upper water layers. The squat lobster Pleuroncodes monodon had extraordinarily high δ13C'. Among the key fish species, the eastern Pacific bonito Sarda chilensis had a slightly higher δ15N value compared to the anchovy Engraulis ringens. In some species a strong increase of the δ15N ratio of up to ~5‰ was determined from North (8.5°S) to South (16°S). These pronounced differences in d15N values highlight the importance of adequate baseline values to avoid misinterpretations of a species' regional feeding behaviour. In order to compensate for the reginal shift, using a filter-feeding salp as reference for herbivorous consumers seemed advantageous. In fact, calculated trophic positions for C. chilensis and other species did not differ between regions, when shifts in the baseline were taken into account.
    Keywords: ACS; Carbon, total; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; Coastal Upwelling System in a Changing Ocean; CUSCO; CUSCO-1; Date/Time of event; Depth, bottom/max; Depth, top/min; Event label; IKMT; Isaac-Kid-Midwater Trawl; Latitude of event; Life stage; Lipid corrected; Longitude of event; Maria S. Merian; Microstructure Profiler; MOC1; MOCNESS opening/closing plankton net 1 sqm; MSM80; MSM80_102-4; MSM80_102-5; MSM80_104-6; MSM80_13-4; MSM80_15-5; MSM80_15-6; MSM80_1-6; MSM80_16-4; MSM80_1-7; MSM80_18-4; MSM80_18-6; MSM80_18-7; MSM80_20-4; MSM80_25-4; MSM80_28-4; MSM80_30-4; MSM80_31-4; MSM80_31-7; MSM80_34-4; MSM80_36-4; MSM80_36-5; MSM80_38-5; MSM80_40-5; MSM80_43-5; MSM80_4-6; MSM80_46-15; MSM80_46-20; MSM80_46-23; MSM80_49-6; MSM80_51-5; MSM80_56-5; MSM80_66-4; MSM80_68-5; MSM80_68-6; MSM80_7-4; MSM80_74-4; MSM80_7-8; MSM80_80-11; MSM80_80-17; MSM80_80-6; MSM80_85-3; MSM80_94-5; MSM80_96-4; MSM80_99-5; MSM80_99-6; MSN; MSSP; Multiple opening/closing net; Nitrogen, total; Optical Profiler, ACS; Order; Sample ID; Species; Station label; δ13C/12C ratio; δ15N/14N ratio
    Type: dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 5448 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 4
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    Fatty acid composition of zooplankton, fishes and sea birds from the northern Humboldt Current System during Maria S. Merian cruise MSM80 (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-19
    Description: Fatty acids were analyzed by gas chromatography using a DB-FFAP column of 30 m length and 0.25 mm inner diameter and a programmable temperature vaporizer injector. Following the trophic biomarker concept, the fatty acids 16:0, 20:5(n-3) and 22:6(n-3) were classified as typical components of biomembranes. High levels of 16:1(n−7) as well as 16:4(n−1) and 18:1(n−7) were used as diatom markers and 18:4(n−3) as fatty acid marker for dinoflagellates. The fatty acid 18:1(n-9) indicates carnivorous feeding. A carnivory index was applied based on the fatty acid ratio 18:1(n−9) / [16:1(n−7) + 16:4(n−1) + 18:1(n−7) + 18:4(n−3) + 18:1(n−9)] to reflect the proportion of carnivorous compared to herbivorous feeding in an organism. Fatty acid compositions of zooplankton and fish were taxon-specific and did not depend on sampling area or depth. Most species showed a dominance of typical membrane fatty acids, e.g., 16:0, 20:5(n-3) and 22:6(n-3). The dominant copepod Calanus chilensis had a low carnivory index and elevated amounts of diatom fatty acid markers which point to a predominantly herbivorous feeding. Among the krill species, Euphausia mucronata had the lowest carnivory index compared to the other euphausiids indicating a more herbivorous feeding. The squat lobster Pleuroncodes monodon had a significantly lower carnivory ratio compared to the deep-sea decapods Gennadas sp. and Acanthephyra sp. emphasizing its different trophic role compared to other decapods.
    Keywords: 6,9,12,15-Hexadecatetraenoic acid of total fatty acids; ACS; all-cis-4,7,10,13,16,19-Docosahexaenoic acid of total fatty acids; all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-Eicosapentaenoic acid of total fatty acids; all-cis-5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraenoic acid of total fatty acids; all-cis-8,11,14-Octadecatrienoic acid of total fatty acids; all-cis-9,12-Octadecadienoic acid of total fatty acids; cis-11-Docosenoic acid of total fatty acids; cis-11-Icosenoic acid of total fatty acids; cis-11-Octadecenoic acid of total fatty acids (IUPAC: Octadec-11-enoic acid); cis-11-Octadecenol of total fatty alcohols; cis-15-Tetracosenoic acid of total fatty acids; cis-9-Hexadecenoic acid of total fatty acids (IUPAC: (9Z)-hexadec-9-enoic acid); cis-9-Hexadecenol of total fatty alcohols; cis-9-Octadecenoic acid of total fatty acids (IUPAC: Octadec-9-enoic acid); cis-9-Octadecenol of total fatty alcohols; Coastal Upwelling System in a Changing Ocean; CUSCO; CUSCO-1; Date/Time of event; Depth, bottom/max; Depth, top/min; Docosenol of total fatty alcohols; Eicosenol of total fatty alcohols; Event label; Gas chromatography; Hexadecanoic acid of total fatty acids; Hexadecanol of total fatty alcohols; IKMT; Individual dry mass; Isaac-Kid-Midwater Trawl; Latitude of event; Life stage; Lipids; Longitude of event; Maria S. Merian; Microstructure Profiler; MSM80; MSM80_102-4; MSM80_13-4; MSM80_15-5; MSM80_1-6; MSM80_16-4; MSM80_18-4; MSM80_18-7; MSM80_1-9; MSM80_20-4; MSM80_30-4; MSM80_31-4; MSM80_31-7; MSM80_34-4; MSM80_40-5; MSM80_4-6; MSM80_46-15; MSM80_46-20; MSM80_46-23; MSM80_49-6; MSM80_56-5; MSM80_58-4; MSM80_67-4; MSM80_68-5; MSM80_68-6; MSM80_7-4; MSM80_74-4; MSM80_7-8; MSM80_85-3; MSM80_94-5; MSM80_95-4; MSN; MSSP; Multiple opening/closing net; Octadecanoic acid of total fatty acids; Octadecanol of total fatty alcohols; Optical Profiler, ACS; Order; Phytanic acid of total fatty acids; Sample ID; Species; Station label; Tetradecanoic acid of total fatty acids; Tetradecanol of total alcohols; Wax esters
    Type: dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 4235 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 5
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    KOSMOS 2017 Peru mesocosm study: Abundance of zooplankton taxa determined by ZooScan (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-19
    Description: This dataset shows abundance of zooplankton taxa in individuals per liter as determined by ZooScan. Each data point is one sampling day (date) in one mesocosm (MK). For details on experimental treatments and sampling, refer to Bach et al. 2021 (https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4831-2020) and Ayon et al. 2022 (https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2022-157). Raw images are stored in https://ecotaxa.obs-vlfr.fr/prj/3784. All taxonomic categories are self-explanatory.
    Keywords: Abundance; Acartia spp.; Biomass; Bivalvia; Branchiostoma spp.; Calanoida; Ceratium spp.; Climate - Biogeochemistry Interactions in the Tropical Ocean; Cnidaria; Coastal Upwelling System in a Changing Ocean; Copepoda; Copepoda, nauplii; Corycaeidae; Crustacea, larvae; CUSCO; Cyclopoida; DATE/TIME; Diatoms, centrales; Gastropoda; Gut fluorescence; Harpacticoida; Hemicyclops spp.; Humboldt Current System; KOSMOS_2017; KOSMOS_2017_Peru; KOSMOS Peru; Lipid; MESO; mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm label; Noctilucales; Oncaeidae; Oxygen Minimun zone; Paracalanus spp.; Polychaeta; Sample code/label; Sample volume; SFB754; Spionidae; Stable isotopes; Tintinnida; Zooplankton; ZOOSCAN
    Type: dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2430 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 6
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    KOSMOS 2017 Peru mesocosm study: Biomass of zooplankton taxa determined by ZooScan (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-19
    Description: Biomass of zooplankton taxa in µg DM per liter as determined by ZooScan, using published area to dry weight relationships (Lehette & Hernandez-Leon 2009). Each data point is one sampling day (date) in one mesocosm (MK). For details on experimental treatments and sampling, refer to Bach et al. 2021 (https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-4831-2020) and Ayon et al. 2022 (https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2022-157). Raw images are stored in https://ecotaxa.obs-vlfr.fr/prj/3784. All taxonomic categories are self-expanatory.
    Keywords: Abundance; Acartia spp., biomass, dry mass; Biomass; Bivalvia, biomass, dry mass; Branchiostoma spp., biomass, dry mass; Calanoida, biomass, dry mass; Ceratium spp., biomass, dry mass; Climate - Biogeochemistry Interactions in the Tropical Ocean; Cnidaria, biomass, dry mass; Coastal Upwelling System in a Changing Ocean; Copepoda, biomass, dry mass; Copepoda, nauplii, biomass, dry mass; Corycaeidae, biomass, dry mass; Crustacea, larvae, biomass, dry mass; CUSCO; Cyclopoida, biomass, dry mass; DATE/TIME; Diatoms, centrales, biomass, dry mass; Gastropoda, biomass, dry mass; Gut fluorescence; Harpacticoida, biomass, dry mass; Hemicyclops spp., biomass, dry mass; Humboldt Current System; KOSMOS_2017; KOSMOS_2017_Peru; KOSMOS Peru; Lipid; MESO; mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm label; Noctilucales, biomass, dry mass; Oncaeidae, biomass, dry mass; Oxygen Minimun zone; Paracalanus spp., biomass, dry mass; Polychaeta, biomass, dry mass; Sample code/label; Sample volume; SFB754; Spionidae, biomass, dry mass; Stable isotopes; Tintinnida, biomass, dry mass; Zooplankton; Zooplankton, biomass, dry mass
    Type: dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 2430 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 7
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    KOSMOS 2017 Peru mesocosm study: Zooplankton species/groups abundance (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-19
    Description: Zooplankton species/groups abundance table per mesocosm and sampling day. Abundances are given as individual per m-3 and individuals per liter.
    Keywords: Abundance; Abundance per volume; Biomass; Class; Climate - Biogeochemistry Interactions in the Tropical Ocean; Coastal Upwelling System in a Changing Ocean; CUSCO; DATE/TIME; Day of experiment; Gut fluorescence; Humboldt Current System; KOSMOS_2017; KOSMOS_2017_Peru; KOSMOS Peru; Life stage; Lipid; MESO; mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm label; Order; Oxygen Minimun zone; SFB754; Species; Stable isotopes; Treatment; Zooplankton
    Type: dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 15477 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 8
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    KOSMOS 2017 Peru mesocosm study: Gut fluorescence and C/N ratio of Paracalanus sp. (2023)
    PANGAEA
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    Publication Date: 2024-07-19
    Description: Gut fluorescence and C/N ratio of Paracalanus sp. determined during two occassions during the mesocosm experiment (Sampling Day 21/22 and 34/35).
    Keywords: Abundance; Biomass; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; Climate - Biogeochemistry Interactions in the Tropical Ocean; Coastal Upwelling System in a Changing Ocean; CUSCO; Day of experiment; Gut fluorescence; Gut fluorescence, dry mass; Humboldt Current System; KOSMOS_2017; KOSMOS_2017_Peru; KOSMOS Peru; Lipid; MESO; mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm label; Oxygen Minimun zone; SFB754; Species; Stable isotopes; Time in minutes; Time point, descriptive; Treatment; Zooplankton
    Type: dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1088 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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  • 9
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    KOSMOS 2017 Peru mesocosm study: Fatty acid composition for Paracalanus sp. and Hemicyclops sp. (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-07-19
    Description: Fatty acid composition data for the two dominant copepods in the mesocosms (Paracalanus sp. and Hemicyclops sp.).
    Keywords: Abundance; Biomass; Climate - Biogeochemistry Interactions in the Tropical Ocean; Coastal Upwelling System in a Changing Ocean; CUSCO; DATE/TIME; Day of experiment; Fatty acid of total lipids; Fatty alcohol of total lipids; Gut fluorescence; Humboldt Current System; KOSMOS_2017; KOSMOS_2017_Peru; KOSMOS Peru; Lipid; Lipids, total, per dry mass; MESO; mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm experiment; Mesocosm label; Oxygen Minimun zone; Phase; Polyunsaturated fatty acids of total lipids; Saturated fatty acids of total lipids; SFB754; Species; Stable isotopes; Treatment; Zooplankton
    Type: dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 1431 data points
    Location Call Number Limitation Availability
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