Note: Includes index

Note: Intro -- Dedication -- Preface -- Motivation -- An Overview of Barrier Dynamics -- Scope of the Volume: An Overview of Chapters -- Observation-Focused Contributions -- Modeling-Focused Contributions -- State of the Science and Future Directions -- Contents -- Contributors -- Part I: Observations and Conceptual Models of Barrier Response to Changing Climate -- Runaway Barrier Island Transgression Concept: Global Case Studies -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 3 Background -- 3.1 Marsh Deterioration Processes and Existing Modeling Results -- 3.2 Effects of Sea-level Rise on Hydrodynamics and Sediment Transport -- 3.3 Barrier/Tidal Inlet Response to Various Forcings: Basic Relationships -- 4 Case Studies -- 4.1 Nauset Spit-New Inlet, Cape Cod, Massachusetts -- 4.2 Ocean City Inlet-Assateague Island, Maryland -- 4.3 Virginia Barriers -- 4.4 Barataria Barriers, Louisiana -- 4.5 Chandeleur Islands and Isle Dernieres, Louisiana -- 4.5.1 The Chandeleur Islands -- 4.5.2 The Isles Dernieres -- 4.6 Copper River Barriers, Alaska -- 4.7 East Friesian Islands, Germany -- 5 Runaway Transgression Model -- 5.1 Presentation of Concept and Stages -- 5.1.1 Stable Barrier -- 5.1.2 Disintegrating Barrier -- 5.2 Final Disposition of Barrier Sand -- 6 Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Drowned Barriers as Archives of Coastal-­Response to Sea-Level Rise -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Barrier Coastal-Response to Transgression -- 3 Synthesis of Drowned Barriers -- 4 Characteristics of Drowned Barriers -- 5 Patterns of Drowned Barrier Distribution and Behaviour -- 5.1 Distribution of Drowned Barriers in Space and Time -- 5.2 Barrier Formation -- 5.3 Barrier Retreat Through Overstepping -- 5.4 Barrier Preservation -- 6 Relative Significance of Controls on Barrier Overstepping -- 6.1 Relative Sea-Level Rise -- 6.2 Sediment Supply -- 6.3 Topography/Antecedence. , 7 Prerequisites for Barrier Retreat Through Overstepping -- 8 Conclusions -- References -- Barrier Island and Estuary Co-evolution in Response to Holocene Climate and Sea-­Level Change: Pamlico Sound and the Outer Banks Barrier Islands, North Carolina, USA -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Study Area -- 2.1 Modern Setting -- 2.2 Antecedent Topography -- 3 Evolution in Response to Climate and Sea-Level Change -- 3.1 Early Holocene to ca 4000 Cal Year BP -- 3.1.1 Coastal Evolution -- 3.2 ca 4000-3500 Cal Year BP -- 3.2.1 Coastal Evolution -- 3.3 ca 3500-1200 Cal Year BP (750 CE-Common Era) -- 3.3.1 Coastal Evolution -- 3.4 The Medieval Climate Anomaly (ca 1200 Cal Year BP to ca 800 Cal Year BP -- 750-1150 CE) -- 3.4.1 Coastal Evolution -- 3.5 The Little Ice Age (ca 500 Cal Year BP) to Present -- 3.5.1 Coastal Evolution -- 4 Summary -- References -- Abrupt Increase in Washover Deposition Along a Transgressive Barrier Island During the Late Nineteenth Century Acceleration in Sea-Level Rise -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Study Area and Background -- 3 Methods -- 3.1 Coring -- 3.2 Radiocarbon Dating -- 3.3 Washover Measurements -- 4 Results and Interpretations -- 4.1 Depositional Environments and Lithologic Facies -- 4.1.1 Beach Facies -- 4.1.2 Dune Facies -- 4.1.3 Saltmarsh Facies -- 4.1.4 Washover Facies -- 4.1.5 Facies A -- 4.1.6 Facies B -- 4.2 Stratigraphy -- 5 Discussion -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Follets Island: A Case of Unprecedented Change and Transition from Rollover to Subaqueous Shoals -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Study Area -- 3 Methodology -- 4 Results -- 4.1 Lithofacies -- 4.2 Stratigraphy -- 4.3 Sand Budget and Flux Analysis -- 4.3.1 Sand Overwash Estimate -- 4.3.2 Drowning Time Estimate -- 4.3.3 Modern Versus Long-Term Overwash Flux -- 4.3.4 Back-Barrier Accommodation -- 5 Discussion -- 6 Conclusions -- References. , Role of the Foredune in Controlling Barrier Island Response to Sea Level Rise -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Controls on Dune Height -- 2.1 Role of the Geologic Framework -- 3 Beach-Dune Interaction -- 3.1 Sediment Supply from the Nearshore -- 3.2 Transport Potential -- 3.3 Vegetation -- 4 Foredune Erosion and Recovery -- 4.1 Dune Recovery at Santa Rosa Island -- 4.2 Storm Frequency and Sequencing -- 4.3 Alongshore Variability and Lateral Erosion -- 5 Anthropogenic Impact to Dune Recovery -- 6 Summary -- References -- Part II: Mechanisms of Barrier Response to Changing Climate -- Geometric Constraints on Long-Term Barrier Migration: From Simple to Surprising -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background -- 2.1 Cross-shore Shoreface-Barrier Profile -- 2.2 Landward Profile Translation and Sediment Excavation -- 2.3 Response to Sea-Level Rise: Qualitative Concept -- 3 Simplest Migration Scenario: Generalized Bruun Rule for Barriers, and Long-Term Consequences -- 3.1 Assumptions -- 3.2 Generalized Bruun Rule for Barriers -- 3.3 Long-Term Consequences -- 4 The Effect of Shoreface Composition on Barrier Response to RSLR -- 5 The Effect of Sediment Losses (or Gains) on Barrier Response to RSLR -- 6 The Effect of Back-Barrier Deposition, Deposit Thickness, and Composition -- 6.1 Coupling Between Back-Barrier Deposition and Barrier Migration Trajectory -- 6.2 Negative Feedback -- 6.3 Positive Feedback -- 6.4 Timescalesof Migration-Trajectory Adjustments -- 7 Toward the Real World: Numerical Modeling -- 8 Discussion -- 9 Conclusions -- References -- Shoreface Controls on Barrier Evolution and Shoreline Change -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Shoreface-Accommodation Controls on Barrier Form and Dimensions -- 3 Shoreface Dynamics: The Missing Link -- 3.1 Sediment-Transport Processes -- 3.2 Geological Evidence -- 3.3 Knowledge Gaps -- 4 Lower Shoreface Change and Barrier Evolution. , 4.1 Framework for Investigating Shoreface Morphologic-­Response Timescales -- 4.2 Exploring Shoreface Response to Sea-Level Change -- 4.3 Implications for Barrier Response to Climate Change -- 5 Conclusions -- 5.1 Shoreface-Related Accommodation Constraints on Barrier Form and Volume -- 5.2 Challenges in Forecasting Barrier Evolution: Lagged Shoreface Response -- References -- Morphodynamics of Barrier Response to Sea-­Level Rise -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Dynamic Processes Affecting Barriers -- 2.1 Shoreface Evolution -- 2.2 Overwash -- 2.3 Alongshore Sediment Transport -- 3 Morphokinematics Versus Morphodynamics of Barrier Response to Sea-Level Rise -- 4 A Simplified Morphodynamic Model of Barrier Evolution -- 5 Morphodynamic Barrier Response to Sea-Level Rise -- 5.1 Modes of Barrier Response -- 5.2 Controls on Barrier Response -- 5.3 Threshold Response to Back-Barrier Geometry -- 6 Alongshore Coupling -- 7 Discussion -- 8 Conclusions -- References -- The Role of Ecomorphodynamic Feedbacks and Landscape Couplings in Influencing the Response of Barriers to Changing Climate -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Vegetation Control of Dune Morphology -- 2.1 Maximum Potential Dune Height -- 2.2 Hummockiness -- 2.3 Number, Spacing, and Size of Multiple Dunes -- 3 Factors Controlling Dune and Barrier State Across Scales -- 4 Couplings Between Barriers and Back-Barrier Marshes -- 4.1 Effect of Back-Barrier Marshes on Barrier Migration Rate -- 4.2 Effect of Barrier Dynamics on Back-Barrier Marshes -- 4.3 Effects of Overwash on Marshes: Experimental Results -- 5 Summary and Implications -- References -- The Role of Vegetation in Determining Dune Morphology, Exposure to Sea-Level Rise, and Storm-Induced Coastal Hazards: A U.S. Pacific Northwest Perspective -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Study Area Description -- 3 U.S. Pacific Northwest Beach and Foredune Morphometrics. , 4 Relative Importance of Sand Supply and Beach Grasses to Dune Geomorphology -- 4.1 Species-Specific Feedbacks -- 4.2 Retrospective Analysis -- 5 Implications to Coastal Protection Services -- 6 Implications for Enhancing Beach-Dune Interaction Models -- 7 Synthesis and Conclusions -- References -- Barrier Islands as Coupled Human-Landscape Systems -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Beach Nourishment and Coupled Coastal Dynamics -- 2.1 Modelling the Coupled Economic-Physical System -- 2.2 Developed Coastlines and Common-Pool Resources -- 3 Inundation and Abandonment: An Attractor Disappears -- 3.1 Modeling the Decision to Abandon: Physical Forcing -- 3.2 Modeling the Decision to Abandon: Policy Forcing -- 3.3 Modeling the Decision to Abandon: Psychological Forcing -- 4 Boom, Bust, Repeat: An Attractor Emerges -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Index.