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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Cambridge :Cambridge University Press,
    Keywords: Surveying--Greece--Instruments. ; Electronic books.
    Description / Table of Contents: This book contains translations of all the ancient texts on surveying, including major sources hitherto untapped. It sets out to reconstruct the instruments and to explain how they were used. A level of technical sophistication emerges, which must count as one of the greatest achievements of the ancient world.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (411 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9780511154447
    DDC: 526.9/093
    Language: English
    Note: Cover -- Half-title -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- CONTENTS -- FIGURES -- TABLES -- PREFACE -- EXPLANATORY NOTES -- CROSS-REFERENCES -- TRANSLATION -- TERMINOLOGY -- GRADIENTS -- MEASURES -- Greek -- Roman -- Islamic -- INTRODUCTION -- PART I INSTRUMENTS AND METHODS -- CHAPTER 1 THE BASIC ELEMENTS -- A. PRECURSORS OF THE GREEKS -- B. MEASURING DISTANCES -- C. ORIENTATION AND RIGHT ANGLES -- D. MEASURING HEIGHTS -- E. LEVELLING -- CHAPTER 2 BACKGROUND TO THE DIOPTRA -- A. THE SIGHTING TUBE -- B. ASTRONOMICAL INSTRUMENTS -- C. THE HIPPARCHAN DIOPTRA -- D. THE MEASURING ROD -- E. GAMALIEL'S TUBE -- F. PHILO'S LEVEL AND STAFF -- CHAPTER 3 THE DIOPTRA -- A. THE TREATISES -- i. Hero of Alexandria -- ii. Julius Africanus -- iii. Anonymus Byzantinus -- iv. Al-Karaji -- B. THE SOURCES OF THE TREATISES -- C. THE MINOR SOURCES -- D. THE PLANE ASTROLABE -- E. THE STANDARD DIOPTRA -- F. HERO'S DIOPTRA -- G. LEVELLING -- H. OTHER SURVEYS -- I. CHRONOLOGICAL CONCLUSIONS -- J. TESTING A RECONSTRUCTED DIOPTRA -- CHAPTER 4 THE LIBRA -- A. THE EVIDENCE -- B. TESTING A RECONSTRUCTED LIBRA -- CHAPTER 5 THE GROMA -- A. GRIDS -- B. THE GROMA AND ITS USE -- CHAPTER 6 THE HODOMETER -- PART II PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS -- CHAPTER 7 MEASUREMENT OF THE EARTH -- CHAPTER 8 MOUNTAIN HEIGHTS -- CHAPTER 9 CANALS AND AQUEDUCTS -- A. EARLY CANAL SCHEMES -- B. AQUEDUCT SURVEYING -- C. THE NÎMES AQUEDUCT AND OTHERS -- D. THE CHALLENGES OF SURVEYING -- CHAPTER 10 TUNNELS -- A. CATEGORIES -- B. ALIGNMENT -- C. LEVEL -- D. MEETING -- E. INSTRUMENTS -- CHAPTER 11 ROMAN ROADS -- A. BASIC PRINCIPLES -- B. INTERPOLATION AND EXTRAPOLATION -- C. SUCCESSIVE APPROXIMATION -- D. DEAD RECKONING -- E. GEOMETRICAL CONSTRUCTION -- F. EXAMPLES -- CHAPTER 12 EPILOGUE -- PART III THE SOURCES -- THE TREATISES -- Hero of Alexandria: Dioptra -- Julius Africanus: Cesti I 15. , Anonymus Byzantinus: Geodesy -- Al-Karaji: The Search for Hidden Waters XXIII -- OTHER SOURCES -- The basic elements (Chapter 1) -- MEASURING HEIGHTS (CHAPTER 1.D) -- LEVELLING (CHAPTER 1.E) -- Background to the dioptra (Chapter 2) -- GAMALIEL'S TUBE (CHAPTER 2.E) -- PHILO'S LEVEL AND STAFF (CHAPTER 2.F) -- The dioptra (Chapter 3) -- THE SOURCES OF THE TREATISES (CHAPTER 3.B) -- THE MINOR SOURCES (CHAPTER 3.C) -- THE PLANE ASTROLABE (CHAPTER 3.D) -- The libra (Chapter 4) -- The groma (Chapter 5) -- The hodometer (Chapter 6) -- Measurement of the Earth (Chapter 7) -- Mountain heights (Chapter 8) -- Canals and aqueducts (Chapter 9) -- EARLY CANAL SCHEMES (CHAPTER 9.A) -- AQUEDUCT SURVEYING (CHAPTER 9.B) -- THE CHALLENGES OF SURVEYING (CHAPTER 9.D) -- Tunnels (Chapter 10) -- ALIGNMENT (CHAPTER 10.B) -- LEVEL (CHAPTER 10.C) -- Roman roads (Chapter 11) -- APPENDIX UNCERTAIN DEVICES -- A. THE U-TUBE LEVEL -- B. THE DIOPTRA ON A COIN -- C. DODECAHEDRONS -- D. THE 'CROSS-STAFF' -- E. SAGUI'S INSTRUMENTS -- BIBLIOGRAPHY -- INDEX.
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  • 2
    Book
    Book
    Boulder, Colo. : Westview Press
    Keywords: Marine ecology Congresses ; Marine pollution Congresses ; Marine productivity Congresses ; Biomass Congresses ; Konferenzschrift ; Meeresökosystem ; Biomasseproduktion
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: XXXVIII, 493 S , Ill
    ISBN: 0813378443 , 9780367163419
    Series Statement: AAAS selected symposia series 111
    DDC: 574.52636
    Language: English
    Note: Hier auch später erschienene, unveränderte Nachdrucke
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  • 3
    Keywords: Aufsatzsammlung ; Meeresökosystem
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: XIV, 242 S , graph. Darst., Kt , 26 cm
    ISBN: 0871683849
    Series Statement: Large marine ecosystems 3
    DDC: 574.5/2636
    Language: English
    Note: Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 4
    Keywords: Marine ecology Congresses ; Food chains (Ecology) Congresses ; Marine productivity Congresses ; Marine resources Congresses Management ; Marine ecosystem management Congresses ; Konferenzschrift ; Meeresökosystem
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: X, 320 S , graph. Darst., Kt
    ISBN: 0813383862
    DDC: 574.5309162
    Language: English
    Note: The papers in this volume were presented at a symposium ... convened during the 1989 Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science , Includes bibliographical references and index
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  • 5
    In: Ocean science, Katlenburg-Lindau : Copernicus Publ., 2005, 5(2009), 4, Seite 661-684, 1812-0792
    In: volume:5
    In: year:2009
    In: number:4
    In: pages:661-684
    Description / Table of Contents: Requirements for understanding the relationships between ocean color and suspended and dissolved materials within the water column, and a rapidly emerging photonics and materials technology base for performing optical based analytical techniques have generated a diverse offering of commercial sensors and research prototypes that perform optical measurements in water. Through inversion, these tools are now being used to determine a diverse set of related biogeochemical and physical parameters. Techniques engaged include measurement of the solar radiance distribution, absorption, scattering, stimulated fluorescence, flow cytometry, and various spectroscopy methods. Selective membranes and other techniques for material isolation further enhance specificity, leading to sensors for measurement of dissolved oxygen, methane, carbon dioxide, common nutrients and a variety of other parameters. Scientists are using these measurements to infer information related to an increasing set of parameters and wide range of applications over relevant scales in space and time.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: Ill., graph. Darst
    ISSN: 1812-0792
    Language: English
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