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  • Articles  (35)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mutant NG108-15 cells (NG-CR72) deficient in GM1 synthase respond aberrantly to axonogenic stimuli and are vulnerable to calcium-induced apoptosis: they are rescued with LIGA-20 (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 76 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The neuroblastoma × glioma NG108-15 hybrid cell line, a widely used model for the study of neuronal differentiation, contains a variety of gangliosides including GM1 and its sialosylated derivative, GD1a. To investigate the role of these a-series gangliotetraose gangliosides in neuritogenesis, we have obtained a mutated subclone of NG108-15 that is deficient in that family of gangliosides. NG108-15 cells were grown in the presence of cholera toxin, which killed the large majority of cells, and from the cholera-resistant survivors we isolated a clone, NG-CR72, that lacks GM1 and GD1a in the plasma and nuclear membranes. GM2 concentration was significantly higher in the plasma membrane. Enzyme assay indicated deficiency of UDP-Gal:GM2 galactosyltransferase (GM1 synthase), which was confirmed by incorporation studies with [3H]sphingosine. These cells resembled wild-type NG108-15 in extending dendritic processes in response to dendritogenic agents (retinoic acid, dibutyryl cAMP) but responded aberrantly to axonogenic stimuli (KCl, ionomycin) by extending unstable neurites that showed the cytoskeletal staining characteristic of dendrites. Moreover, mutant cells treated with the Ca2+-elevating axonogenic agents underwent apoptosis over time, attributed to dysfunction of Ca2+ regulatory mechanisms normally mediated by GM1. Such agents caused dramatic and sustained elevation of intracellular Ca2+ in mutant cells, in contrast to modest and temporary elevation in wild-type cells. Exogenous GM1, inserted into the plasma membrane, had no discernable protective effect on NG-CR72 cells whereas LIGA-20, a membrane-permeant derivative of GM1 that entered both plasma and nuclear membranes, blocked apoptosis, permitted extension of stable neurites, and attenuated the abnormal elevation of intracellular Ca2+.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00036.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Potentiation of a sodium–calcium exchanger in the nuclear envelope by nuclear GM1 ganglioside (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 81 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Calcium is recognized as an important intracellular messenger with a pivotal role in the regulation of many cytosolic and nuclear processes. Gangliosides of various types, especially GM1, are known to have a role in some aspects of Ca2+ regulation, operating through a variety of mechanisms that are gradually coming to light. The present study provides evidence for a sodium–calcium exchanger in the nuclear envelope of NG108-15 neuroblastoma cells that is potently and specifically activated by GM1. Immunoblot analysis revealed an unusually tight association of GM1 with the exchanger in the nuclear envelope but not with that in the plasma membrane. Exchanger and associated GM1 were located in the inner membrane of the nuclear envelope, suggesting this system could function to transfer Ca2+ between nucleoplasm and the envelope lumen. The GM1-enhanced exchange was blocked by cholera toxin B subunit while C2-ceramide, a recently discovered inhibitor of the exchanger, blocked all transfer. Exchanger activity was significantly elevated in nuclei isolated from cells that were induced to differentiate by KCl + dibutyryl-cAMP, a treatment previously shown to promote up-regulation of nuclear GM1 in conjunction with axonogenesis. Similar enhancement was achieved by addition of exogenous GM1 to nuclei from undifferentiated cells. These results suggest a prominent role for nuclear GM1 in regulation of nuclear Ca2+ homeostasis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.00917.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning, distribution and functional analysis of the type III sodium channel from human brain (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 12 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The type III voltage-gated sodium channel was cloned from human brain. The full-length cDNA has 89% identity with rat type III, and the predicted protein (1951 amino acids) has 55 differences. The expression pattern of human type III mRNA was determined in adult brain tissue and, in contrast to rat, was detected in many regions, including caudate nucleus, cerebellum, hippocampus and frontal lobe. The human type III channel was stably expressed in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and its biophysical properties compared to the human type II channel using identical conditions. The voltage dependence and kinetics of activation were found to be similar to that of type II. The kinetics of inactivation of the two human subtypes were also similar. However, type III channels inactivated at more hyperpolarized potentials and were slower to recover from inactivation than type II. When expressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK293T) cells, type III channels produced currents with a prominent persistent component, which were similar to those reported for rat type II [Ma et al. (1997) Neuron, 19, 443–452]. However, unlike type II, this was prominent even in the absence of coexpressed G-proteins, suggesting type III may adopt this gating mode more readily. The distinct properties of the channel, together with its wide distribution in adult brain, suggest that in humans, type III may have important physiological roles under normal, and perhaps also pathological conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2000.01336.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of mass loss on the evolution of close binaries
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Vistas in Astronomy 31 (1988), S. 363-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 0083-6656
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0083-6656(88)90228-0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endogenous GM1 Ganglioside of the Plasma Membrane Promotes Neuritogenesis by Two Mechanisms (2000)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 25 (2000), S. 931-940 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Keywords: GM1 ganglioside ; neuritogenesis ; calcium modulation ; neuraminidase ; cholera toxin B subunit ; neuroblastoma cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The influence of GM1 on the neuritogenic phase of neuronal differentiation has been highlighted in recent reports showing upregulation of this ganglioside in the plasma and nuclear membranes concomitant with axonogenesis. These changes are accompanied by alterations in Ca2+ flux which constitute an essential component of the signaling mechanism for axon outgrowth. This study examines 2 distinct mechanisms of induced neurite outgrowth involving plasma membrane GM1, as expressed in 3 neuroblastoma cell lines. Growth of Neuro-2a and NG108-15 cells in the presence of neuraminidase (N'ase), an enzyme that increases the cell surface content of GM1, caused prolific outgrowth of neurites which, in the case of Neuro-2a, could be blocked by the B subunit of cholera toxin (Ctx B) which binds specifically to GM1; however, the latter agent applied to NG108-15 cells proved neuritogenic and potentiated the effect of N'ase. With N18 cells, the combination was also neuritogenic as was Ctx B alone, whereas N'ase by itself had no effect. Neurite outgrowth correlated with influx of extracellular Ca2+, determined with fura-2. Treatment of NG108-15 and N18 cells with Ctx B alone caused modest but persistent elevation of intracellular Ca2+ while a more pronounced increase occurred with the combination Ctx B + N'ase. Treatment with N'ase alone also caused modest but prolonged elevation of intracellular Ca2+ in NG108-15 and Neuro-2a but not N18; in the case of Neuro-2a this effect was blocked by Ctx B. Neuro-2a and N18 thus possess 2 distinctly different mechanisms for neuritogenesis based on Ca2+ modulation by plasma membrane GM1, while NG108-15 cells show both capabilities. The neurites stimulated by N'ase + Ctx B treatment of N18 cells were shown to have axonal character, as previously demonstrated for NG108-15 cells stimulated in this manner and for Neuro-2a cells stimulated by N'ase alone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007596223484
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  • 6
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    Integrin α7 is a functional cancer stem cell surface marker in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (2016)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-08
    Description: Integrin α7 is a functional cancer stem cell surface marker in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma Nature Communications, Published online: 7 December 2016; doi:10.1038/ncomms13568 There is still no consensus on tumour type-specific cancer stem cell markers. Here, the authors demonstrate that ITGA7 is a potential functional marker of oesophageal cancer stem cells involved in the resistance to chemotherapy and metastasis through activation of FAK-mediated signalling.
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-1723
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 7
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    Characterization of ozone in the lower troposphere during the 2016 G20 conference in Hangzhou (2017)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-12-13
    Description: Characterization of ozone in the lower troposphere during the 2016 G20 conference in Hangzhou Characterization of ozone in the lower troposphere during the 2016 G20 conference in Hangzhou, Published online: 12 December 2017; doi:10.1038/s41598-017-17646-x Characterization of ozone in the lower troposphere during the 2016 G20 conference in Hangzhou
    Electronic ISSN: 2045-2322
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 8
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    IJGI, Vol. 7, Pages 9: A New Geographical Cluster View on Passenger Vehicle Purchasing in Chinese Cities (2018)
    MDPI Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-01-02
    Description: IJGI, Vol. 7, Pages 9: A New Geographical Cluster View on Passenger Vehicle Purchasing in Chinese Cities ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information doi: 10.3390/ijgi7010009 Authors: Daqian Liu Wei Song Jia Lu Chunyan Xie Xin Wen It is important to understand urban auto markets from a spatial perspective. Specifically, the question of how to simplify and visualize the relatedness of the complicated urban markets arises. Based on the concept of ‘product space’, this research explores the similarity between Chinese cities and identifies the city clusters using data of automobile sales in 2012. A city’s automobile market is shared by different manufacturers and the proximity between two cities is evaluated based on the similarity or relatedness in the structure of the two markets. The spatial structures of the ‘city clusters’ derived from the proximities of automobile markets among cities are mapped, examined, and interpreted. The analysis indicates that cities with higher proximity tend to be similar. According to the intercity proximity index, four geographical city-clusters are identified: the Southeast developed city-cluster, North China city-cluster, Northeast city-cluster, and West city-cluster. Cities in the same cluster tend to share many common characteristics while cities in different clusters exhibit obvious variances, especially in terms of economic status and dominant automakers.
    Electronic ISSN: 2220-9964
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Published by MDPI Publishing on behalf of International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ISPRS).
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  • 9
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    Identification of Expression Quantitative Trait Loci (eQTLs) in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) and Shared with Liver and Brain (2017)
    Wiley-Blackwell
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-08-10
    Description: PBMCs are essential for immunity and involved in various diseases. To identify genetic variations contributing to PBMCs transcriptome-wide gene expression, we performed a genome-wide eQTL analysis by using genome-wide SNPs data and transcriptome-wide mRNA expression data. To assess whether there are common regulation patterns shared among different tissues/organs, public datasets were utilized to identify common eQTLs shared with PBMCs in lymphoblastoid, monocytes, liver, and brain. Allelic expression imbalance (AEI) assay was employed to validate representative eQTLs identified. We identified 443 cis- and 2,386 trans- eSNPs (FDR 〈 0.05), which regulated 128 and 635 target genes, respectively. A transcriptome-wide expression regulation network was constructed, highlighting the importance of 28 pleiotropic eSNPs and 18 dually (cis- and trans-) regulated genes. Three genes, i.e., TIPRL, HSPB8 and EGLN3, were commonly regulated by hundreds of eSNPs and constituted a very complex interaction network. Strikingly, the missense SNP rs371513 trans- regulated 25 target genes, which were functionally related to poly(A) RNA binding. Among 8,904 eQTLs (p 〈 0.001) identified herein in PBMCs, a minority (163) was overlapped with lymphoblastoid, monocytes, liver, and/or brain. Besides, two cis- eSNPs in PBMC were confirmed by AEI. The present results demonstrated a comprehensive expression regulation network for human PBMCs and may provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of immunological diseases related to PBMCs. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
    Electronic ISSN: 0091-7419
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Published by Wiley-Blackwell
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  • 10
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    Chemical Cosubstitution-Oriented Design of Rare-Earth Borates as Potential Ultraviolet Nonlinear Optical Materials (2017)
    American Chemical Society (ACS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-12-08
    Description: Journal of the American Chemical Society DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b11263
    Print ISSN: 0002-7863
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-5126
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by American Chemical Society (ACS)
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