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  • Articles  (159)
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  • Articles  (159)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 1304-1310 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Small-signal transient absorption of a discharge-pumped F2 laser (157.6 nm) medium was measured by using a Raman-shifted F2 laser (168.6 nm). The small-signal total absorption was obtained for 6 atm laser media at an excitation rate of ∼26 MW/cm3, where a small-signal net gain was independently measured to ∼35%/cm, as the sum of a transient absorption of ∼2.5%/cm and a stationary absorption of ∼0.5%/cm. In spite of the relatively large gain-to-loss ratio a significantly low maximum laser intensity of ∼2 MW/cm2, which gives zero extraction efficiency in the F2 laser medium, measured in heavily saturated F2 laser amplification experiments, suggests that the energy extraction is limited by additional absorption.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 86 (1999), S. 5788-5793 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present measurements of the nonlinear surface impedance Zs and the third-order intermodulation distortion (IMD) of a YBa2Cu3O7−x microstrip resonator, which is initially in the as-processed state and subsequently annealed at 450–600 °C. Zs of the as-processed sample in the high-dissipated-power range is explained in terms of the vortices in weak links. In the low-dissipated-power range, outputs of IMD are changed by annealing the resonator, and the minimum IMD generation is obtained with a sample annealed at 500 °C. By comparing the IMD generation of the samples with the crystalline structure measured by x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy, it is shown that IMD of the YBa2Cu3O7−x film is generated at lattice distortions of the a−b plane in grains and grain boundaries. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993), S. 2241-2246 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: To improve beam quality, an injection-seeded unstable resonator was applied to a discharge-pumped F2 laser, which is normally dominated by amplified spontaneous emission with a large beam divergence when using a normal stable cavity, due to the laser's extremely high gain (a small-signal gain-length product ∼29). The time-dependent injection-seeding efficiency was obtained for various injection timings by measuring a ratio of the output laser intensity with the same polarization as the seed laser. Correlation of the injection-seeding efficiency with the temporal evolution of the laser-beam divergence was also studied. Both the time-dependent beam divergence and the injection-seeding efficiency showed degradation at a later part of the laser pulse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We have fabricated multilayer reflectors of molybdenum-carbon, molybdenum-silicon, and nickel-carbon for x rays of 1–200 A(ring) with an electron beam evaporation method in ultrahigh vacuum. The multilayers were deposited on flat and figured substrates of float glass and superpolished glass with a surface roughness of 2–3 A(ring) (rms). The thickness of a layer pair and the number of layer pairs were 30–100 A(ring) and 10–20, respectively. The x-ray characteristics of these multilayer reflectors were evaluated in the 1.5–200 A(ring) region with characteristic x rays (Cu-Kα, Si-Kα, Al-Kα, and C-Kα) and monochromatized synchrotron radiation. Peak reflectivities of molybdenum-carbon were found to be 70% at Cu-Kα and 40% at Al-Kα in grazing incidence and those of molybdenum-silicon to be more than 30% in the 150–170 A(ring) band in near-normal incidence. On the basis of these experimental results, the x-ray optical properties of multilayers are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 65 (1994), S. 1370-1372 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Crystalline thin films of polytetrafluoroethylene were deposited on Si(100) wafers by F2 laser (157 nm) ablation in 200 mTorr Ar gas atmosphere. X-ray photoemission spectra indicated that the composition of the deposited films was similar to the source material. The surface morphology of films deposited at room temperature contained numerous fibrous structures in size of 100–400 nm, but they were smoothed out at elevated wafer temperature of ∼370 K, while the crystalline feature was still maintained. The refractive index was ∼1.35 at 633 nm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 61 (1992), S. 737-739 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An anisotropy for threshold current densities for AlGaInP laser diodes with CuPt-type natural superlattice (NSL) in a Ga0.5In0.5P active layer, grown on a (001) GaAs substrate, was observed, for the first time. Threshold current densities (Jth) for laser diodes with stripes in the [1¯10] and [110] direction were 1.35 and 2.10 kA/cm2, respectively. The lasers with a weak NSL formation in the active layer showed a very small anisotropy in Jth. Stripe direction dependence of electroluminescence (EL) polarization properties were also observed for lasers with well-developed NSL. The anisotropies in Jth and EL polarization properties are attributed to the existence of the NSL in the active layer and the appearance asymmetry previously observed in the NSL.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 35 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Reconstitution of severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice with human lymphocytes has recently allowed the elucidation of abnormalities of immune responses in various immunological disorders. In the present study, mononuclear cells (MNC) from neonatal cord blood and adult peripheral blood were intraperitoneally injected into SCID mice to examine induction of human Ig in respective mice recipients. Human IgG was consistently detected in the serum of SCID transferred with adult MNC, but only a few SCID recipients of cord blood MNC showed detectable but low levels of IgG in the serum. The combination experiments of isolated B and T cells disclosed that some interactions between B and T cells might be necessary for IgG production in transferred SCID mice. Notably, transfer of cord blood B cells with adult but not cord blood T cells resulted in efficient induction of IgG, associated with a change in subclass distribution. The results suggest that inability of neonatal B cells to produce IgG can be overcome by transfer with adult mature T cells into SCID mice.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 101 (1979), S. 5414-5415 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 48 (1993), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A newly designed 4 FG double-lumen catheter with the second port located either 5 or 7 cm proximal to the tip was tested in five children undergoing open heart surgery. The catheter was inserted percutaneously and initially positioned in the superior vena cava, right atrium or inferior vena cava. During cardiopulmonary bypass, the tip of the catheter was repositioned manually in the left atrium across the interatrial septum. In all patients, left atrial pressure was monitored successfully while central venous pressure was monitored with the second port positioned in the superior vena cava. Removal of the catheter from the left atrium was easily performed and caused no problems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 35 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Monocytes/macrophages have a cysteinyl leukotriene 1 (CysLT1) receptor, but its function is poorly understood.Objective To elucidate the biological function of the CysLT1 receptor of human monocytes/macrophages.Methods We examined the production of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), and eotaxin induced by CysLTs (leukotriene (LT)C4, -D4, and -E4) in THP-1 cells, a human monocytic leukaemia cell line, and peripheral blood CD14+ monocytes/macrophages. Moreover, we examined the effect of CysLTs on the expression of β-chemokine receptor 2B (CCR2B) as the receptor of MCP-1 by Western blot analysis.Results ELISA revealed that CysLTs induced MCP-1 in THP-1 cells and peripheral blood CD14+ monocytes/macrophages, but not other cytokines. PCR demonstrated that CysLTs increased MCP-1 mRNA expression in THP-1 cells, and Western blotting showed that CysLTs increased the expression of CCR2B in THP-1 cells. Moreover, we demonstrated that pranlukast, a CysLT1 receptor antagonist, blocked MCP-1 production by CysLTs in THP-1 cells almost completely, and partially inhibited MCP-1 release by CysLTs in peripheral blood CD14+ monocytes/macrophages and CCR2B expression by CysLTs in THP-1 cells.Conclusion CysLTs induce MCP-1 and increase CCR2B expression in human monocytes/macrophages.
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