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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The lower limit of photon fluence rate for phototrophic growth: the significance of ‘slippage’ reactions (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 5 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. The role of ‘slippage’ reactions, in the form of passive H+ uniport through CF0-CF1, ATP synthetase and breakdown of the S2 and S3 intermediates of O2 evolution, is considered in relation to the growth of phototrophic organisms at low photon fluence rates. Analysis of the limited data available suggests that adaptation (phenotypic or genotypic) to low photon fluence rates is accompanied by an increase in the ratio of light-absorbing pigments to the (potentially slippage-inducing) photosystem two units and CF0-CF1 ATP synthetases. Furthermore, organisms which are genotypically adapted to high photon fluence rates do not, when grown at low photon fluence rates, achieve the same low ratio of reaction centres to total light-harvesting pigments as is found in phototrophs genotypically adapted to low photon fluence rates. The limits to, and energy costs of, such a mechanism of adaptation to low photon fluence rates are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-3040.ep11571479
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mapping of nutrient-induced biochemical changes in living algal cells using synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 249 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: High quality Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra were acquired from living Micrasterias hardyi cells maintained in an IR transparent flow-through cell using a FTIR microscope coupled to a synchrotron light source. Spectral maps of living, nutrient-replete cells showed band intensities consistent with the known location of the nucleus and the chloroplasts. These were very similar to maps acquired from fixed, air-dried cells. Bands due to lipids were lowest in absorbance in the region of the nucleus and highest in the chloroplast region and this trend was reversed for the absorbance of bands attributed to protein. Spectra acquired in 10 μm steps across living phosphorus-starved (P-starved) cells, repeated approximately every 30 min, were consistent over time, and bands correlated well with the known position of the nucleus and the observed chloroplasts, corroborating the observations with replete cells. Experiments in which missing nutrients were re-supplied to starved cells showed that cells could be maintained in a functional state in the flow-through cell for up to one day. Nitrogen-starved cells re-supplied with N showed an increase in lipid in all positions measured across the cell over a 23 h period of re-supply, with the largest increases occurring in positions where the chloroplasts were observed. Re-supply of phosphorus to P-starved cells produced no changes in bands attributable to lipid or protein. Due to their thin cell body (?12 μm) and large diameter (?300 μm) Micrasterias sp. make an ideal spectroscopic model to study nutrient kinetics in algal cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.femsle.2005.06.021
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The intrinsic permeability of biological membranes to H+: Significance for the efficiency of low rates of energy transformation (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 10 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1981.tb06194.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photosynthesis (2002)
    Melbourne, Australia : Blackwell Science Asia Pty. Ltd.
    Lakes & reservoirs 7 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1770
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1770.2002.01723.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbon fixation Photosynthesis in a marine diatom (2001)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 412 (2001), S. 40-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The first stable product of photosynthetic carbon fixation by land plants is either the three-carbon molecule phosphoglycerate (in C3 plants) or the four-carbon compounds malate or aspartate (in C4 and CAM (crassulacean-acid metabolism) plants). Reinfelder et al. infer ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/35083694
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inorganic carbon acquisition by two Antarctic macroalgae, Porphyra endiviifolium (Rhodophyta: Bangiales) and Palmaria decipiens (Rhodophyta: Palmariales) (1999)
    Springer
    Polar biology 21 (1999), S. 310-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Aspects of the physiology of two rhodophyte macroalgae from the Antarctic, Palmaria decipiens and Porphyra endiviifolium, were examined. Both species showed low light compensation points and I k values. Measurements of the dissolved inorganic carbon dependent kinetics of oxygen evolution gave values for K 0.5 (CO2) of 10.5 and 3.7 μM for Palmaria and Porphyra respectively. These values are lower than expected from the kinetic properties of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase oxygenase and imply that the two species are capable of the active transport and accumulation of dissolved inorganic carbon by a “CO2 concentrating mechanism”. Both organisms are able to use bicarbonate from the bulk medium. These features are similar to those found in temperate species and thus, despite the low photon flux, low temperatures and consequent elevated CO2 concentrations in seawater at air-equilibration, the Antarctic rhodophytes examined appeared not to have a diminished capacity for transport of dissolved inorganic carbon and internal CO2 concentration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003000050367
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inorganic C-sources for Lemanea, Cladophora and Ranunculus in a fast-flowing stream: Measurements of gas exchange and of carbon isotope ratio and their ecological implications (1982)
    Springer
    Oecologia 53 (1982), S. 68-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary CO2-and O2-exchange characteristics and δ13C values have been measured in a rhodophycean haptophyte (Lemanea mamillosa), a chlorophycean haptophyte (Cladophora glomerata) and a magnoliophyte rhizophyte (Ranunculus sp.) from a 5 m stretch of the Dichty Burn near Dundee. Light-and CO2-saturated rates of photosynthesis are greatest on a dry weight basis for Cladophora and lowest for Lemanea; the order is reversed on a surface area basis. The CO2 concentration at pH 6.5 at which photosynthesis is half-saturated is 25–40 μM, with Lemanea rather lower than Cladophora or Ranunculus; these half-saturation values are similar to the free CO2 concentration in the Burn water. Lemanea cannot use HCO 3 - in photosynthesis, while Cladophora and Ranunculus can. Despite being within a factor or two of saturation with free CO2 in terms of the bulk water concentration, the growth habit of Cladophora and, particularly, Ranunculus means that the high water velocity in the Burn does not necessarily prevent C depletion effects around the plants, thus providing a possible role for HCO 3 - use by these plants. Lemanea lives in the fastest-growing parts of the Burn, and its growth habit insures that it is exposed to this high water velocity, thus minimising CO2 depletion during photosynthesis despite the low surface/volume ratio for this plant. δ13C measurements on the inorganic C in the Burn water are consistent with at least part of its excess (above air-equilibrium) inorganic C levels coming from heterotrophic activity. Lemanea has the most negative δ13C value of the three plants, consistent with CO2 use and small diffusion resistances. Ranunculus has the least negative δ13C value, consistent with some CO2 depletion and/or HCO 3 - use in situ related to a high diffusion resistance in a rhizophyte which does not have to obtain all of its N and P from the bulk water but can obtain some from the sediments. Cladophora is intermediate, suggesting some CO2 depletion and/or HCO 3 - use in this densely growing haptophyte.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00377138
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in chlorophyll fluorescence during exposure of Dunaliella tertiolecta to UV radiation indicate a dynamic interaction between damage and repair processes (2000)
    Springer
    Photosynthesis research 63 (2000), S. 123-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5079
    Keywords: Dunaliella tertiolecta ; fluorescence ; microalgae ; PS II ; UVR
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Photosynthesis in the green alga Dunaliella tertiolecta, as measured by chlorophyll fluorescence, is inhibited by ultraviolet radiation and specifically, under the conditions used, by UVB radiation (UVBR). The decline in the fluorescence parameters Fv/Fm and ΔF/Fm' under constant UVBR is a first-order function of time of exposure. The data are well-described by the Kok (1956) model, which assumes a dynamic interaction between damage and repair, with repair being proportional to the pool size of inactivated targets. The pattern of photoinhibition is also consistent with the Kok model, in that it shows an initial, approximately linear phase which is time-dependent (reciprocity holds), a transition phase and then an asymptotic phase, representing an equilibrium between damage and repair, which is determined by UVBR fluence rate (reciprocity fails). Photoinhibition in the presence of lincomycin, a protein synthesis inhibitor, is consistent with the cessation of repair processes and, under these conditions, photoinhibition is proportional to exposure time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006319802047
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  • 9
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    One hundred research questions in conservation physiology for generating actionable evidence to inform conservation policy and practice (2021)
    In:  EPIC3Conservation Physiology, 9(1), ISSN: 2051-1434
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-07
    Description: Environmental change and biodiversity loss are but two of the complex challenges facing conservation practitioners and policy makers. Relevant and robust scientific knowledge is critical for providing decision-makers with the actionable evidence needed to inform conservation decisions. In the Anthropocene, science that leads to meaningful improvements in biodiversity conservation, restoration and management is desperately needed. Conservation Physiology has emerged as a discipline that is well-positioned to identify the mechanisms underpinning population declines, predict responses to environmental change and test different in situ and ex situ conservation interventions for diverse taxa and ecosystems. Here we present a consensus list of 10 priority research themes. Within each theme we identify specific research questions (100 in total), answers to which will address conservation problems and should improve the management of biological resources. The themes frame a set of research questions related to the following: (i) adaptation and phenotypic plasticity; (ii) human–induced environmental change; (iii) human–wildlife interactions; (iv) invasive species; (v) methods, biomarkers and monitoring; (vi) policy, engagement and communication; (vii) pollution; (viii) restoration actions; (ix) threatened species; and (x) urban systems. The themes and questions will hopefully guide and inspire researchers while also helping to demonstrate to practitioners and policy makers the many ways in which physiology can help to support their decisions.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    Southern Ocean phytoplankton physiology in a changing climate (2016)
    Elsevier
    In:  EPIC3Journal of Plant Physiology, Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-23
    Description: The Southern Ocean (SO) is a major sink for anthropogenic atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2), potentially harbouring even greater potential for additional sequestration of CO2 through enhanced phytoplankton productivity. In the SO, primary productivity is primarily driven by bottom up processes (physical and chemical conditions) which are spatially and temporally heterogeneous. Due to a paucity of trace metals (such as iron) and high variability in light, much of the SO is characterised by an ecological paradox of high macronutrient concentrations yet uncharacteristically low chlorophyll concentrations. It is expected that with increased anthropogenic CO2 emissions and the coincident warming, the major physical and chemical process that govern the SO will alter, influencing the biological capacity and functioning of the ecosystem. This review focuses on the SO primary producers and the bottom up processes that underpin their health and productivity. It looks at the major physico-chemical drivers of change in the SO, and based on current physiological knowledge, explores how these changes will likely manifest in phytoplankton, specifically, what are the physiological changes and floristic shifts that are likely to ensue and how this may translate into changes in the carbon sink capacity, net primary productivity and functionality of the SO.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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