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  • 11
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Pancreas ; Pancreatic arteries ; Angiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Une étude angiographique a permis d'étudier les variations du nombre, de l'origine, du trajet et des anastomoses des artères du pancréas ainsi que leur diamètre moyen en fonction des groupes d'âges (20–40, 40–60 et plus de 60 ans); cette étude quantitative a été effectuée par artériographie cœliaque sélective chez 72 patients ne présentant aucune lésion pancréatique. Les différentes artères du pancréas ont bien été visualisées dans la majorité des cas, excepté l'arcade pancréatico-duodénale inférieure qui est mal explorée par l'angiographie cœliaque. Ce travail confirme les grandes variations d'origine et d'anastomoses des artères pancréatiques transverse (artère pancréatique inférieure) et dorsale et permet de proposer des explications embryologiques et des applications cliniques. De plus, un pourcentage important d'artères multiples (4 ou plus) et d'artères de la queue du pancréas a été noté, permettant d'évoquer le rôle fonctionnel de cette distribution particulière. Enfin il n'a pas été trouvé de différence significative du diamètre des artères en fonction de l'âge, ce qui est probablement dû au maintien d'un contrôle nerveux périvasculaire réflexe des vaisseaux pancréatiques chez les sujets âgés. La méthode angiographique a une sensibilité satisfaisante qui permet une bonne visualisation des artères du pancréas et de leurs anastomoses in vivo.
    Notes: Summary The angiographic visualization of the pancreatic arteries, their numerical variations, origins, course and anastomoses, as well as their mean diameter by age-group (20–40, 41–60, 〉60 years) have been quantitatively investigated by selective celiac angiography in 72 patients without pancreatic disease. Visualization of the various arteries was achieved in a high percentage of cases except for the inferior pancreaticoduodenal arches, due to undervaluation of this vessel by celiac angiography. Confirmation of the great variability of the origin and anastomoses of the dorsal and transverse pancreatic arteries was obtained and possible embryologic reasons and clinical implications of this fact are discussed. Furthermore, a high percentage of multiple (quadruple or more) pancreatica magna and caudae pancreatis arteries has been observed and a functional role of this peculiar arrangement is suggested, Finally, no statistically significant differences were found in the diameter of any artery due to increasing age probably reflecting maintained neural perivascular control of the pancreatic vessels in the elderly. Satisfactory sensitivity of the angiographic method has been found with respect to the evaluation of visualization and anastomoses of the pancreatic arteries in vivo.
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  • 12
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 20 (1998), S. 445-452 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Pancreas ; Blood supply ; Dorsal pancreatic artery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Cet article sur l'artère pancréatique dorsale représente le cinquième d'une étude d'ensemble sur la vascularisation artérielle du pancréas. Le but de cette étude est de résumer les recherches scientifiques depuis les rapports de Hallers, et de fournir avec un support original si possible, des preuves angiographiques des notions anatomiques classiques. Pour atteindre cet objectif, l'ensemble de la recherche a été réalisée en sélectionnant et en étudiant 1 015 angiographies (tronc coeliaque et ses branches, artère mésentérique supérieure) puisées dans les archives angiographiques de l'Institut de Radiologie de Sienne, de l'Université Catholique de Rome et Perugia. Angiographiquement, les auteurs pourraient démontrer que l'artère pancréatique dorsale, présente dans la plupart des cas, comme issue de l'artère splénique, de l'artère hépatique commune, de l'artère mésentérique supérieure, du tronc coeliaque et accessoirement de l'artère hépatique droite issue de l'artère mésentérique supérieure. Des variations dans la position et la longueur de l'artère pancréatique dorsale sont démontrées, tout comme quelques branches collatérales. Les auteurs soulignent les opinions discordantes qui demeurent concernant l'incidence des différentes directions dans lesquelles l'artère pancréatique dorsale se dirige et discutent son développement embryologique incertain et son intérêt chirurgical.
    Notes: Summary The present article is the fifth part of a comprehensive review on the arterial blood supply of the pancreas and deals with the dorsal pancreatic artery. The aim of this review is to summarise the anatomic studies, starting from Haller's reports, and to supply, as far as possible with original material, angiographic evidence for the classic anatomic notions. For this purpose, the overall research was carried out by studying 1015 selective angiographies (celiac trunk and its branches, superior mesenteric artery) taken from the angiographic archives of the Institutes of Radiology of Siena, Rome (Catholic University), and Perugia. Angiographically, the authors could demonstrate the dorsal pancreatic artery, present in most instances, as arising from the splenic artery, common hepatic artery, superior mesenteric artery or celiac trunk and accessory right hepatic artery as coming from the superior mesenteric artery. Variations in the course and length of the dorsal pancreatic artery were demonstrated as well as some collateral branches. The authors underline the discordant opinions still existing regarding the incidence of the different ways the dorsal pancreatic artery arises, and discuss its uncertain embryologic development and surgical relevance.
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical and radiologic anatomy 18 (1996), S. 67-74 
    ISSN: 1279-8517
    Keywords: Pancreas ; Blood supply ; Arteries ; Angiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Cet article est la troisième partie d'une étude détaillée de la vascularisation artérielle du pancréas et traite de l'a. pancréatico-duodénale inférieure. Le but de ce travail est de résumer les études anatomiques, depuis la publication de Haller, et de fournir autant qu'il est possible, avec un matériel original, les preuves angiographiques des notions anatomiques classiques. Pour cela, la recherche complète a été menée sur le choix et l'ðude de 1015 angiographies sélectives (tronc coeliaque et ses branches, a. mésentérique supérieure) tirées des archives angiographiques des instituts de radiologie de Sienne, Rome (université catholique) et Pérouse. Sur les angiographies les auteurs ont observé l'a. pancréatico-duodénale inférieure, présente dans la plupart des cas, naissant de l'a. mésentérique supérieure, de l'a. hépatique droite accessoire, ou d'un tronc commun avec la première ou les deux premières aa. jéjunales. Quelques variantes ont été montrées dans son trajet. Les auteurs soulignent et discutent les opinions encore divergentes sur la fréquence des différentes origines de l'a. pancréatico-duodénale inférieure et sur leur importance chirurgicale.
    Notes: Summary This article is the third part of a comprehensive review on the pancreatic arterial blood supply and deals with the inferior pancreaticoducdenal a. The aim of this review is to summarise the anatomical studies, starting from Haller's reports, and to supply as far as possible, with original material, angiographic evidences for the classic anatomical notions. For this purpose, the overall research was carried out by picking out and studying 1015 selective angiographies (celiac trunk and its branches, superior mesenteric a.) taken from the angiographic archives of the Institutes of Radiology of Siena, Rome (Catholic University), and Perugia. Angiographically, the authors observed the inferior pancreaticoduodenal a., present in most instances, as arising from the superior mesenteric a., from the right accessory hepatic a., or from a common trunk with the first or the first two jejunal aa. Some variations of the course have been shown. The authors underline and discuss the discordant opinions still existing regarding the incidence of the different ways the inferior pancreaticoduodenal a. arises and the surgical importance of the variation of origin of this artery.
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  • 15
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: myocardial stunning ; ischemic preconditioning ; myocardial relaxation ; diastolic stiffness
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of myocardial stunning and ischemic preconditioning on left-ventricular developed pressure and end-diastolic pressure (diastolic stiffness) as well as on coronary-perfusion pressure were examined in isolated isovolumic rabbit hearts. The isovolumic relaxation was evaluated, and the time constant of pressure decay during the isovolumic period was calculated. Our experimental protocol comprised: 1) myocardial stunning-global ischemia (15 min) followed by reperfusion (30 min); 2) myocardial stunning-global ischemia (20 min) followed by reperfusion (30 min); and 3) ischemic preconditioning — a single cycle of brief global ischemia and reperfusion (5 min each), before a second ischemic period, of 20-min duration. There was no effect upon systolic and diastolic parameters when 15 and 20 minutes of ischemia were evaluated. In both stunned groups the left ventricular developed pressure first recovered to near control values, but then stabilized at only 60% of the control values. Whereas the isovolumic relaxation time constant was increased after 5 min of reperfusion, and return to control values at late reperfusion, the end diastolic pressure remained elevated during the entire period. Values of dP/dV calculated at common pressure levels, were used as a second index of diastolic stiffness. They were increased after stunning, as also was the coronary perfusion pressure. When the heart was preconditioned with a single episode of ischemia, the systolic and diastolic alterations were completely abolished. We thus concluded that diastolic abnormalities incurred by myocardial stunning consist in both an increase in diastolic stiffness and an early impairment of isovolumic relaxation. The increase in stiffness cannot result from incomplete relaxation since these two parameters become temporally dissociated during the reperfusion period.
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2017-09-08
    Description: During various surveys of Phytophthora diversity in Europe, Chile and Vietnam slow growing oomycete isolates were obtained from rhizosphere soil samples and small streams in natural and planted forest stands. Phylogenetic analyses of sequences from the nuclear ITS, LSU, β-tubulin and HSP90 loci and the mitochondrial cox1 and NADH1 genes revealed they belong to six new species of a new genus, officially described here as Nothophytophthora gen. nov., which clustered as sister group to Phytophthora. Nothophytophthora species share numerous morphological characters with Phytophthora: persistent (all Nothophytophthora spp.) and caducous (N. caduca, N. chlamydospora, N. valdiviana, N. vietnamensis) sporangia with variable shapes, internal differentiation of zoospores and internal, nested and extended (N. caduca, N. chlamydospora) and external (all Nothophytophthora spp.) sporangial proliferation; smooth-walled oogonia with amphigynous (N. amphigynosa) and paragynous (N. amphigynosa, N. intricata, N. vietnamensis) attachment of the antheridia; chlamydospores (N. chlamydospora) and hyphal swellings. Main differing features of the new genus are the presence of a conspicuous, opaque plug inside the sporangiophore close to the base of most mature sporangia in all known Nothophytophthora species and intraspecific co-occurrence of caducity and non-papillate sporangia with internal nested and extended proliferation in several Nothophytophthora species. Comparisons of morphological structures of both genera allow hypotheses about the morphology and ecology of their common ancestor which are discussed. Production of caducous sporangia by N. caduca, N. chlamydospora and N. valdiviana from Valdivian rainforests and N. vietnamensis from a mountain forest in Vietnam suggests a partially aerial lifestyle as adaptation to these humid habitats. Presence of tree dieback in all forests from which Nothophytophthora spp. were recovered and partial sporangial caducity of several Nothophytophthora species indicate a pathogenic rather than a saprophytic lifestyle. Isolation tests from symptomatic plant tissues in these forests and pathogenicity tests are urgently required to clarify the lifestyle of the six Nothophytophthora species.
    Keywords: breeding system ; caducity ; evolution ; oomycetes ; Peronosporaceae ; phylogeny
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: Article / Letter to the editor
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 17
    Publication Date: 2024-03-24
    Description: During an oomycete survey in December 2015, 10 previously unknown Halophytophthora taxa were isolated from marine and brackish water of tidal ponds and channels in saltmarshes, lagoon ecosystems and river estuaries at seven sites along the Algarve coast in the South of Portugal. Phylogenetic analyses of LSU and ITS datasets, comprising all described Halophytophthora species, the 10 new Halophytophthora taxa and all relevant and distinctive sequences available from GenBank, provided an updated phylogeny of the genus Halophytophthora s.str. showing for the first time a structure of 10 clades designated as Clades 1–10. Nine of the 10 new Halophytophthora taxa resided in Clade 6 together with H. polymorphica and H. vesicula. Based on differences in morphology and temperature-growth relations and a multigene (LSU, ITS, Btub, hsp90, rpl10, tigA, cox1, nadh1, rps10) phylogeny, eight new Halophytophthora taxa from Portugal are described here as H. brevisporangia, H. celeris, H. frigida, H. lateralis, H. lusitanica, H. macrosporangia, H. sinuata and H. thermoambigua. Three species, H. frigida, H. macrosporangia and H. sinuata, have a homothallic breeding system while the remaining five species are sterile. Pathogenicity and litter decomposition tests are underway to clarify their pathological and ecological role in the marine and brackish-water ecosystems. More oomycete surveys in yet undersurveyed regions of the world and population genetic or phylogenomic analyses of global populations are needed to clarify the origin of the new Halophytophthora species.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Evolution ; Behavior and Systematics ; breeding system ; ecological role ; evolution ; lifestyle ; oomycetes ; Peronosporaceae ; Phytophthora
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 18
    Publication Date: 2024-01-12
    Description: During various surveys of Phytophthora diversity in Europe, Chile and Vietnam slow growing oomycete isolates were obtained from rhizosphere soil samples and small streams in natural and planted forest stands. Phylogenetic analyses of sequences from the nuclear ITS, LSU, \xce\xb2-tubulin and HSP90 loci and the mitochondrial cox1 and NADH1 genes revealed they belong to six new species of a new genus, officially described here as Nothophytophthora gen. nov., which clustered as sister group to Phytophthora. Nothophytophthora species share numerous morphological characters with Phytophthora: persistent (all Nothophytophthora spp.) and caducous (N. caduca, N. chlamydospora, N. valdiviana, N. vietnamensis) sporangia with variable shapes, internal differentiation of zoospores and internal, nested and extended (N. caduca, N. chlamydospora) and external (all Nothophytophthora spp.) sporangial proliferation; smooth-walled oogonia with amphigynous (N. amphigynosa) and paragynous (N. amphigynosa, N. intricata, N. vietnamensis) attachment of the antheridia; chlamydospores (N. chlamydospora) and hyphal swellings. Main differing features of the new genus are the presence of a conspicuous, opaque plug inside the sporangiophore close to the base of most mature sporangia in all known Nothophytophthora species and intraspecific co-occurrence of caducity and non-papillate sporangia with internal nested and extended proliferation in several Nothophytophthora species. Comparisons of morphological structures of both genera allow hypotheses about the morphology and ecology of their common ancestor which are discussed. Production of caducous sporangia by N. caduca, N. chlamydospora and N. valdiviana from Valdivian rainforests and N. vietnamensis from a mountain forest in Vietnam suggests a partially aerial lifestyle as adaptation to these humid habitats. Presence of tree dieback in all forests from which Nothophytophthora spp. were recovered and partial sporangial caducity of several Nothophytophthora species indicate a pathogenic rather than a saprophytic lifestyle. Isolation tests from symptomatic plant tissues in these forests and pathogenicity tests are urgently required to clarify the lifestyle of the six Nothophytophthora species.
    Keywords: breeding system ; caducity ; evolution ; oomycetes ; Peronosporaceae ; phylogeny
    Repository Name: National Museum of Natural History, Netherlands
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2015-09-09
    Description: One of the largest driving forces for molecular association in aqueous solution is the hydrophobic effect, and many synthetic receptors with hydrophobic interiors have been devised for molecular recognition studies in water. Attempts to create the longer, narrower cavities appropriate for long-chain fatty acids have been thwarted by solvophobic collapse...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 20
    Publication Date: 2016-11-24
    Description: Background Developmental coordination disorder is a common neurodevelopment disorder that frequently co-occurs with other neurodevelopmental disorders including attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Copy-number variations (CNVs) have been implicated in a number of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders; however, the proportion of heritability in developmental coordination disorder (DCD) attributed to CNVs has not been explored. Objective This study aims to investigate how CNVs may contribute to the genetic architecture of DCD. Methods CNV analysis was performed on 82 extensively phenotyped Canadian children with DCD, with or without co-occurring ADHD and/or reading disorder, and 2988 healthy European controls using identical genome-wide SNP microarrays and CNV calling algorithms. Results An increased rate of large and rare genic CNVs (p=0.009) was detected, and there was an enrichment of duplications spanning brain-expressed genes (p=0.039) and genes previously implicated in other neurodevelopmental disorders (p=0.043). Genes and loci of particular interest in this group included: GAP43, RBFOX1, PTPRN2, SHANK3, 16p11.2 and distal 22q11.2. Although no recurrent CNVs were identified, 26% of DCD cases, where sample availability permitted segregation analysis, were found to have a de novo rare CNV. Of the inherited CNVs, 64% were from a parent who also had a neurodevelopmental disorder. Conclusions These findings suggest that there may be shared susceptibility genes for DCD and other neurodevelopmental disorders and highlight the need for thorough phenotyping when investigating the genetics of neurodevelopmental disorders. Furthermore, these data provide compelling evidence supporting a genetic basis for DCD, and further implicate rare CNVs in the aetiology of neurodevelopmental disorders.
    Print ISSN: 0022-2593
    Electronic ISSN: 1468-6244
    Topics: Medicine
    Published by BMJ Publishing Group
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