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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Concentration and identification of volatile compounds from heated beef fat using supercritical carbon dioxide extraction-gas liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (1992)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 40 (1992), S. 1641-1646 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf00021a033
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal Properties of Restructured Beef Products at Different Isothermal Temperatures (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 63 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Thermal properties and components of restructured beef products formulated with five binders (0.5–5.0%) were determined after heating to 35, 45, 55, or 65°C. Binders were: isolated soy protein, sodium caseinate, waxy modified corn starch, carrageenan, and oat flour. Water losses were greater when no binders were used until 65°C was attained. Density was influenced by both temperature and binder; specific heat was influenced by temperature; and thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity were influenced by binder. All thermal properties correlated with water and/or protein contents of restructured beef products.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1998.tb15768.x
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The physiology of polar marine zooplankton (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Polar research 10 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1751-8369
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: The polar marine environment is characterised by low stable temperatures with seasonal variations ranging from ±3°C at lower latitudes to only ±0.2°C at high latitudes. The Arctic basin is dominated by multi-year ice. whereas the Antarctic is subject to large seasonal changes in the cover by annual sea ice. Primary production is intensely seasonal nearshore but probably less so in offshore waters where significant production is associated with the marginal ice zone. Oxygen consumption in polar zooplankton is low compared with temperate and tropical species. Annual growth rates are generally slow and, especially in herbivores, highly seasonal. It is likely that fast growth rates are possible for polar zooplankton in areas of high food availability such as ice-edge blooms, but these growth rates are not usually achieved in the more oligotrophic open-ocean areas. Lipid stores in polar herbivorous zooplankton are generally high, although some euphausiids and gelatinous zooplankton also rely on degrowth to provide energy over winter. Ice-edge blooms are of great importance to the polar marine food web although the quantitative significance of winter feeding under ice has yet to be resolved. Comparison of data on lipid storage and oxygen consumption for polar zooplankton indicates that there are large differences in the energy requirements of benthos and crustacean zooplankton. This is probably related to the high metabolic cost of staying in the water column. In contrast gelatinous zooplankton (salps, ctenophores. medusae and siphonophores) have a low energy throughput, related to a body composition which renders them essentially neutral in buoyancy and a slow but efficient means of locomotion. Under good feeding conditions many species can therefore grow and reproduce very rapidly. This emphasises the distinct energetic regime of gelatinous zooplankton, now known to be a group of major ecological importance in most waters of the world.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-8369.1991.tb00659.x
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Storage Time, Sodium Chloride and Sodium Tripolyphosphate on Yield and Microstructure of Comminuted Beef (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 52 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Cook loss, pH and microstructure of comminuted beef made with four NaCl (1.3, 2.0, 2.6, 3.3%) and two sodium tripolyphosphate levels (0, 0.4%) were evaluated. The addition of phosphate reduced cook loss and raised the pH of the raw product to 6.0. Scanning electron micrographs showed that samples with low cook loss had a fine protein matrix. Phosphate addition helped to reduce cook loss and overcome decreased functionality when using aged meat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1987.tb14226.x
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A record of atmospheric halocarbons during the twentieth century from polar firn air (1999)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 399 (1999), S. 749-755 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Measurements of trace gases in air trapped in polar firn (unconsolidated snow) demonstrate that natural sources of chlorofluorocarbons, halons, persistent chlorocarbon solvents and sulphur hexafluoride to the atmosphere are minimal or non-existent. Atmospheric concentrations of these gases, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/21586
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Negotiating postmodernity: Narratives of law and imperialism (1995)
    Springer
    Law and critique 6 (1995), S. 229-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8617
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Law
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01132895
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seasonal variation in the biochemical composition of particulate material collected by sediment traps at Signy Island, Antarctica (1998)
    Springer
    Polar biology 20 (1998), S. 414-423 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Particulate material recovered over an 18-month period from sediment traps deployed at a shallow-water nearshore Antarctic site was analysed for photosynthetic pigments, aliphatic hydrocarbons and fatty acids. All components showed a distinct seasonal variation, with high recovery rates during the summer open-water phytoplankton bloom and low rates under winter fast ice. The amount of trapped material differed between the two summers, indicating inter-annual variability of vertical flux associated with differences in the intensity of the summer phytoplankton bloom. Particulate material trapped in summer was dominated by that which originated in diatoms. High recoveries of chlorophyll a, fucoxanthin, n-C21:6 hydrocarbon, 20:5(n-3) fatty acid and shorter chain (C15–C24) aliphatic hydrocarbons all pointed to a significant summer flux of ungrazed diatoms. There were, however, also signals of zooplankton grazing activity (notably pyrophaeophorbide a), and the presence of C18:4(n-3) and C22:6(n-3) fatty acids suggested a small flux of material from flagellates and other sources. Longer chain n-alkanes (C25–C34) indicative of nanoplankton were detected all year, but there was no significant deposition of zooplankton material in any sample. The major recovery rate of photosynthetic pigments was in late summer (February to April), and the major grazing signal occurred after the peak of the summer diatom bloom. Most of the diatom bloom appeared to settle out from the water column without being grazed. The major seasonal contrast in the biochemistry of the trapped material was the dominance of the diatom signature in summer, and in winter the predominance (but at much lower recovery rates) of material from nanoplankton.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003000050323
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Egg size and composition in Ceratoserolis (Crustacea: Isopoda) from the Weddell Sea (1992)
    Springer
    Polar biology 12 (1992), S. 129-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2056
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Samples of ovigerous female Ceratoserolis trilobitoides carrying newly spawned (stage A1) eggs in the marsupium were obtained from Borge Bay; Signy Island (South Orkney Islands), the continental shelf near Elephant Island (South Shetland Islands), and two sites in the inner Weddell Sea. The dry mass of a newly spawned egg was greater at the inner Weddell Sea sites even when the larger size of the females from the Weddell Sea and the positive relationship between egg size and female size were taken into account. Larger eggs contained more yolk, and there was a slight but significant tendency for larger eggs to have a lower percentage nitrogen content. Eggs from Ceratoserolis meridionalis were smaller in size than sympatric Ceratoserolis trilobitoides, but of similar composition. The reason for a greater investment per egg by females at higher latitudes is not clear, but it may be related to a slightly longer development period, itself associated with the lower water temperatures in the inner Weddell Sea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00239973
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The dynamic contributions of the otolith organs to human ocular torsion (1996)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 110 (1996), S. 315-321 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Ocular torsion ; Vestibulo-ocular reflex ; Linear vestibulo-ocular reflex ; Ocular counterroll ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We measured human ocular torsion (OT) monocularly (using video) and binocularly (using search coils) while sinusoidally accelerating (0.7 g) five human subjects along an earth-horizontal axis at five frequencies (0.35, 0.4, 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 Hz). The compensatory nature of OT was investigated by changing the relative orientation of the dynamic (linear acceleration) and static (gravitational) cues. Four subject orientations were investigated: (1) Y-upright — acceleration along the interaural (y) axis while upright; (2) Y-supine — acceleration along the y-axis while supine; (3) Z-RED — acceleration along the dorsoventral (z) axis with right ear down; (4) Z-supine — acceleration along the z-axis while supine. Linear acceleration in the Y-upright, Y-supine and Z-RED orientations elicited conjugate OT. The smaller response in the Z-supine orientation appeared disconjugate. The amplitude of the response decreased and the phase lag increased with increasing frequency for each orientation. This frequency dependence does not match the frequency response of the regular or irregular afferent otolith neurons; therefore the response dynamics cannot be explained by simple peripheral mechanisms. The Y-upright responses were larger than the Y-supine responses (P〈0.05). This difference indicates that OT must be more complicated than a simple low-pass filtered response to interaural shear force, since the dynamic shear force along the interaural axis was identical in these two orientations. The Y-supine responses were, in turn, larger than the Z-RED responses (P〈0.01). Interestingly, the vector sum of the Y-supine responses plus Z-RED responses was not significantly different (P=0.99) from the Y-upright responses. This suggests that, in this frequency range, the conjugate OT response during Y-upright stimulation might be composed of two components: (1) a response to shear force along the y-axis (as in Y-supine stimulation), and (2) a response to roll tilt of gravitoinertial force (as in Z-RED stimulation).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00228562
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Harpin induces mitogen-activated protein kinase activity during defence responses in Arabidopsis thaliana suspension cultures (1999)
    Springer
    Planta 210 (1999), S. 97-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Key words:Arabidopsis ; Defence response ; Harpin ; Inhibitor (PD98059) ; Mitogen-activated protein kinase ; Tyrosine phosphorylation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Elicitation of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. suspension cultures with the bacterial protein harpin (from Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae) induced the activation of two kinases of 39 and 44 kDa, as demonstrated by in-gel kinase assays using myelin basic protein (MBP) as a substrate. Both these kinases appeared to be tyrosine-phosphorylated upon activation, as demonstrated by treatment with tyrosine phosphatase and immunoprecipitation using an anti-phosphotyrosine monoclonal antibody. An inhibitor of mammalian mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation, PD98059, inhibited harpin-induced MBPK activation, but did not inhibit the activity of these kinases. PD98059 also inhibited harpin-induced programmed cell death and defence gene expression, suggesting the involvement of harpin-induced MAPKs in defence responses in Arabidopsis thaliana.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004250050658
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