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  • Articles  (5)
  • Geosciences  (5)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Sedimentology 27 (1980), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3091
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: The identification of the remains of organisms contributing to carbonate sediments by means of scanning electron-microscopy is limited to particles of the 2–20 μm size class. Mineralogy and the content of Mg, Sr and trace elements alone are usually insufficient to solve the problem of identification, especially in the differentiation between algal and coral aragonite. The organic matrix of calcareous organisms consists of stable biopolymers such as polysaccharides and glycoproteins which are intimately associated with the carbonate skeleton. Analysis of these hydrolysed compounds gives rise to characteristic arrays of monosaccharides which provide independent criteria for producer identification. The calcareous green algae Halimeda, Penicillus and Udotea show high xylose and low fucose levels. Xylose and fucose levels are elevated in the red algae Amphiroa but only fucose is prominent in the brown algae Padina. The corals Oculina, Porites, Millipora and Montastrea are relatively rich in fucose and show little or no xylose. In the bivalves Arca, Codakia and in Argopecten mannose may be characteristic. Analysis of artificial and natural sediments demonstrates that coral and algal aragonite can be distinguished on the basis of the total sugar concentration and respective xylose and fucose levels. The applicability of the technique in comparison to geochemical and mineralogical methods has been demonstrated for surface sediments from varying water depths of Harrington Sound, Bermuda.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 85 (1996), S. 399-400 
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Keywords: Quaternary ; CO2 ; Ontong Java plateau ; Deep-sea carbonate ; Milankovitch ; Oxygen isotope record
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract We provide a reconstruction of atmospheric CO2 from deep-sea sediments, for the past 625000 years (Milankovitch chron). Our database consists of a Milankovitch template of sea-level variation in combination with a unique data set for the deep-sea record for Ontong Java plateau in the western equatorial Pacific. We redate the Vostok ice-core data of Barnola et al. (1987). To make the reconstructions we employ multiple regression between deep-sea data, on one hand, and ice-core CO2 data in Antarctica, on the other. The patterns of correlation suggest that the main factors controlling atmospheric CO2 can be described as a combination of sea-level state and sea-level change. For best results squared values of state and change are used. The square-of-sea-level rule agrees with the concept that shelf processes are important modulators of atmospheric CO2 (e.g., budgets of shelf organic carbon and shelf carbonate, nitrate reduction). The square-of-change rule implies that, on short timescales, any major disturbance of the system results in a temporary rise in atmospheric CO2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1616-7228
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Sedimentfazies der Zungenriff-Systeme nördlich der Insel Spiekeroog werden beschrieben und mit analogen Gebilden anderer Schelfmeere verglichen, um ihre Genese und Erhaltung besser zu verstehen. Sedimentkerne von den verschiedenen morphologischen Zonen zweier benachbarter, 3–5 m hoher Zungenriffe zeigen, daß: (1) die Riffe sich in eine obere, etwa 60 cm mächtige, aus orange-braunen, mittel- bis grobkörnigen, schillreichen Sanden bestehende und eine darunterliegende, aus feinkörnigen und horizontalgeschichteten grauen Sanden bestehende Schicht unterteilen lassen; (2) mindestens eine, zum Hangenden hin feinerwerdende Sturmlage vorkommt; (3) sich die Trogfazies des inneren Riffes von der des äußeren Riffes durch ein breiteres Korngrößenspektrum, häufiger auftretende Sturmlagen und dem Fehlen von tidestromerzeugten Gefügemerkmalen auszeichnet; (4) die Sedimente der landseitigen Flanken aus massiven oder schlecht geschichteten, grobkörnigen und schilldurchsetzten Abfolgen aufgebaut sind, während die Sedimente der seewärtigen Flanken feinkörniger und durch Bioturbation geprägt sind; (5) die Riffkämme verschiedenartige, durch tiden-, wellen-und sturmerzeugte Strömungen geprägte Stratifikationstypen aufweisen. Dieser engräumige lithologische Kontrast der Sedimente sowohl in benachbarten als auch in morphologisch analogen Zonen ist überraschend. Die Tatsache, daß die normalen Tidenströme mit ihrem hohen Sedimenttransportpotential die Zungenriffe nicht zerstören, deutet darauf hin, daß diese einen wichtigen Beitrag zum Erhalt der Zungenriffe in der Deutschen Bucht spielen.
    Notes: Summary The sedimentary facies of the shoreface-connected ridges off Spiekeroog Island, German Bight, are presented and compared with their counterparts in other shelf settings in order to better understand the processes that form and maintain the ridges. Core samples from successive morphozones of two adjacent (inner and outer) 3–5m high ridges show that: (1) the ridges consist of a ca. 60 cm thick surficial unit characterized by orange-brown, medium-to coarse-grained, shell-rich sands that overlie a subsurface unit of finegrained, horizontally laminated greyish sands; (2) one or more 10–18 cm thick, upward-fining storm beds are commonly present; (3) the trough facies of the inner ridge differs from its outer ridge counterpart by a broader range of grain sizes, a more frequent occurrence of storm beds, and a paucity of internal sedimentary structures relating to tidal current activity; (4) the landward flank facies comprise massive to poorly bedded, coarse-grained shelly sands, whereas the sands of the seaward flanks are fine-grained and mostly bioturbated; (5) on ridge crests a variety of stratification types, reflecting tidal, wave and storm currents, are observed. Given their close spatial association, the marked lithological contrasts between adjacent facies and comparable ridge morphozones are surprising. The fact that the sediment transport capacity of normal fairweather tidal currents is high, suggests that these tides play an important role in the maintenance of the shoreface-connected ridges in the German Bight.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0016-7835
    Keywords: Key words Quaternary ; CO2 ; Ontong Java plateau ; Deep-sea carbonate ; Milankovitch ; Oxygen isotope record
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  We provide a reconstruction of atmospheric CO2 from deep-sea sediments, for the past 625 000 years (Milankovitch chron). Our database consists of a Milankovitch template of sea-level variation in combination with a unique data set for the deep-sea record for Ontong Java plateau in the western equatorial Pacific. We redate the Vostok ice-core data of Barnola et al. (1987). To make the reconstructions we employ multiple regression between deep-sea data, on one hand, and ice-core CO2 data in Antarctica, on the other. The patterns of correlation suggest that the main factors controlling atmospheric CO2 can be described as a combination of sea-level state and sea-level change. For best results squared values of state and change are used. The square-of-sea-level rule agrees with the concept that shelf processes are important modulators of atmospheric CO2 (e.g., budgets of shelf organic carbon and shelf carbonate, nitrate reduction). The square-of-change rule implies that, on short timescales, any major disturbance of the system results in a temporary rise in atmospheric CO2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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