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Reconstructing historical seismicity from lake sediments (Lake Laffrey, Western Alps, France) (2005)

Nomade, Jérôme ; Chapron, Emmanuel ; Desmet, Marc ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd

Terra nova 17 (2005), S. 0

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ISSN: 1365-3121

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Geosciences

Notes: Sediment archives from a mountain lake are used as indicators of seismotectonic activity in the Grenoble area (French western Alps, 45°N). Sedimentological analysis (texture and grain-size characteristics) exhibits several layers resulting from instantaneous deposits in Lake Laffrey: six debris flow events up to 8 cm thick can be attributed to slope failure along the western flank of the basin. Dating with 210Pb and 137Cs gamma counting techniques and the reconnaissance of historical events, provide a constrained age-depth model. Over the last 250 years, five of such debris flow deposits could be related to historical earthquakes of MSK intensities greater than VI over an area of 〈60 km. One debris flow deposit triggered at the beginning of the last century can be related to an historical landslide possibly triggered by the artificial regulation of the lake level.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3121.2005.00620.x

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The end of moai quarrying and its effect on Lake Rano Raraku, Easter Island (1998)

Dumont, Henri J. ; Cocquyt, Christine ; Fontugne, Michel ; [et al.]

Springer

Journal of paleolimnology 20 (1998), S. 409-422

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ISSN: 1573-0417

Keywords: Lake cores ; Easter Island culture ; South America ; diatoms ; cladocerans ; ostracods ; chrysophytes ; magnetic properties ; palaeopigments

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Geosciences

Notes: Abstract We reconstruct aspects of the history of Easter Island over the last 4-5 centuries based on the study of a core from Rano Raraku Lake, situated in the crater that contains the quarry of the island's giant statues or moai. We use microfossils of plants and animals to identify five zones. The last three of these are separated by waves of immigration from South America and from the subantarctic. We argue that the first or South American wave, dated to the second half of the 14th century, may represent a visit by South American Indians. Magnetic information, pollen, diatoms, chrysophyte stomatocysts and fossil plant pigments reveal a synchronism between the South American contact and the cessation of moai quarrying. We therefore suggest that Amerindians contributed to the cultural collapse of the island. The second or subantarctic wave may reflect an early European visit to the island, possibly by Cpt. James Cook in 1774, or by Jacob Roggeveen in 1722.