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  • Articles  (3)
  • Economics  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 87 (1999), S. 103-116 
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract We study a discrete-time (s, S) perishable inventory model with geometric inter‐demand times and batch demands. With a zero lead time and allowing backlogs, we can construct a multi‐dimensional Markov chain to model the inventory‐level process and obtain a closed‐formcost function. Numerical computation for the discrete‐time models is quite manageable. Our numerical results reveal some good properties of the cost function. By comparing our results with results from the corresponding continuous‐time models, we may also conclude that discrete‐time models may be used to approximate their continuous‐time counterparts effectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2012-05-29
    Description: This study employs a novel nested variable elasticity of substitution (VES) utility model to investigate the impacts of food safety standards on international trade and social welfare. The nested VES utility model is applied to investigate the impact of the European Union (EU) Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) standard on EU orange juice (OJ) trade and social welfare. Our results show that the standard's impact on trade and welfare is underestimated when the elasticity of substitution is restricted to be constant. Our findings indicate that the implementation of the EU HACCP standard increases EU OJ imports as well as consumer welfare. We also find that the EU HACCP standard has a greater impact on intra-EU OJ imports than on extra-EU OJ imports.
    Keywords: F13 - Trade Policy ; International Trade Organizations, Q17 - Agriculture in International Trade
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3618
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2014-02-14
    Description: Many policy interventions that address rising obesity levels in the United States have been designed to provide consumers with more nutrition information, with the goal of encouraging consumers to decrease their caloric intake. We discuss existing information-provision measures and suggest that they are likely to have little-to-modest impact on encouraging lower caloric intake, because making use of such information requires understanding and/or motivation, which many consumers lack, as well as self-control, which is a limited resource. We highlight several phenomena from the behavioral economics literature (present-biased preferences, visceral factors, and status quo bias) and explain how awareness of these behavioral phenomena can inform both more effective information-provision policies and additional policies for regulating restaurants and public school cafeterias that move beyond information to nudge people towards healthier food choices.
    Keywords: D00 - General, I12 - Health Production, I18 - Government Policy ; Regulation ; Public Health, L66 - Food ; Beverages ; Cosmetics ; Tobacco ; Wine and Spirits, M31 - Marketing, M38 - Government Policy and Regulation, Q18 - Agricultural Policy ; Food Policy
    Print ISSN: 2040-5790
    Electronic ISSN: 2040-5804
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
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