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  • international  (2)
  • laryngeal cancer  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alcoholism and cancer of the larynx: a case-control study in western Washington (United States) (1994)
    Springer
    Cancer causes & control 5 (1994), S. 3-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7225
    Keywords: Alcohol ; alcoholism ; laryngeal cancer ; larynx ; United States
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Alcohol consumption is a well-known risk factor for laryngeal cancer. To determine whether alcoholism, as measured by responses to the Michigan alcoholism screening test (MAST), is a risk factor for laryngeal cancer independent of alcohol consumption, we analyzed data from a population-based case-control study. Personal interviews were conducted with 235 patients (81 percent response rate) with laryngeal cancer diagnosed from September 1983 through February 1987, who were residents of the Seattle metropolitan area. A total of 547 controls frequency-matched by age and gender, selected by random-digit dialing, were interviewed (75 percent response rate). When considered in a multivariate model, independent risk factors for laryngeal cancer included: alcohol consumption (42 or more drinks/wk compared with seven or less drinks/wk: odds ratio [OR]=3.1,95 percent confidence interval [CI]=1.2–7.9); cigarette use (40 or more cigarettes/day compared with never-smoked: OR=23.1, CI=9.4–52.6); and weighted positive responses to the MAST (score of five or more compared with score of zero: OR=1.9, CI=1.1–3.4). Possible explanations for the association between alcoholism and laryngeal cancer are that a measure of alcoholism improves the accuracy of assessment of alcohol consumption, that alcoholism is associated with a pattern of alcohol consumption that increases the risk of laryngeal cancer, or that alcoholism may be a marker for host susceptibility to the carcinogenic effects of alcohol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01830720
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Risk of breast cancer in relation to use of combined oral contraceptives near the age of menopause (1991)
    Springer
    Cancer causes & control 2 (1991), S. 389-394 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7225
    Keywords: Breast cancer ; case-control study ; international ; menopause ; oral contraceptive use
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Data from a multinational, hospital-based, case-control study were analyzed to determine whether use of combined oral contraceptives (OC) around the time of menopause preferentially increases risk of breast cancer. Results show that the relative risk (RR) of breast cancer was increased in women of all ages who had used oral contraceptives within the past year, but not to a greater extent in women near the age of menopause than in younger women. RRs did not increase with duration of OC use after age 45 in either pre- or postmenopausal women. RRs also were not found to be higher in women who were using OCs near the time of either a natural or artificial menopause than in women who used them at other times. This study thus provides no support for the hypothesis that OCs enhance risk of breast cancer by a greater amount when taken around the time of menopause than when taken at other times.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00054299
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reproductive factors in the etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (1992)
    Springer
    Cancer causes & control 3 (1992), S. 37-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7225
    Keywords: Case-control study ; international ; liver cancer ; parity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Data from a hospital-based case-control study conducted in four developing countries were analyzed to evaluate the role of reproductive factors in the etiology of liver cancer. Eighty-three patients newly diagnosed with primary liver cancer and 596 matched controls between the ages of 15 and 56 years completed study interviews. The relative risk of hepatocellular carcinoma was elevated significantly in women of high gravidity, an association that was attributable to the effects of full-term pregnancies. The adjusted relative-risk estimate in women who had ever had a full-term pregnancy was 1.6 (95 percent confidence interval=0.6–4.1), and risk increased directly with the number of full-term pregnancies (P for trend = 0.03), rising to 3.8 among women with seven or more births compared to women with one to two births. Induced abortions and a history of miscarriage were unrelated to risk. These findings were unchanged after adjustment for a history of jaundice, lifetime number of sexual partners, or age at first sexual intercourse—variables which may be related to hepatitis B virus (HBV) exposure. Serum samples to determine HBV status were not collected, however, and it is not known whether the observed associations are independent of prior HBV infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00051910
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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