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X-linked gene expression in metatherian fibroblasts: Evidence from theGpd andPgk-A loci of the Virginia opossum and the red-necked wallaby (1989)

Samollow, Paul B. ; Johnston, Peter G. ; Ford, Allen L. ; [et al.]

Springer

Biochemical genetics 27 (1989), S. 313-320

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ISSN: 1573-4927

Keywords: X-chromosome inactivation ; marsupials ; cultured fibroblasts ; glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase ; phosphoglycerate kinase-A

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: Abstract Fibroblasts cultured from ear pinna biopsies of Virginia opossums (Didelphis virginiana) and red-necked wallabies (Macropus rufogriseus) were examined electrophoretically to determine the relative expression levels of the maternally and paternally derived alleles at X-linked, enzyme-coding loci. Only the maternally derived allele was expressed at thePgk-A locus in fibroblasts of heterozygousD. virginiana (M. rufogriseus not examined), but fibroblasts of both species exhibited evidence of paternal allele expression a t theGpd locus. Furthermore, the heterozygous G6PD phenotypes in both species were skewed in favor of the maternal gene product, as expected if the paternal allele is only partially (incompletely) expressed. ForM. rufogriseus this result is contrary to a previous finding which suggested equal expression of bothGpd alleles in cultured fibroblasts of this species. The present results suggest that X-linked genes in metatherian fibroblasts are subject to the same kind of determinate, paternal allele inactivation, incomplete at some loci, described previously for X-linked genes in adult tissues and that the pattern of paternal X-linked gene expression in these cells is independent of the patterns in the tissues from which the fibroblasts are derived.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00554166

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Developmental progression of Gpd expression from the inactive X chromosome of the virginia opossum (1995)

Samollow, Paul B. ; Robinson, Edwards S. ; Ford, Allen L. ; [et al.]

Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Developmental Genetics 16 (1995), S. 367-374

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ISSN: 0192-253X

Keywords: X-chromosome inactivation ; Gpd expression ; marsupial ; development ; opossum ; triplaid ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Metatherian (marsupial) mammals possess a non-random form of X-chromosome inactivation in which the paternally-derived X is always the one inactivated. To examine the progression of X-linked gene expression during metatherian development, we compared relative levels of the maternally and paternally encoded Gpd gene products in heterozygous female Virginia opossums (Didelphis virginiana) across a moior portion of the developmental period. Panels of tissues obtained from fetuses, newborns, and pouch young were examined via polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the G6PD protein. As in adults, G6PD phenotypes in these developmental stages were highly skewed in favor of the maternal allele product, but in some tissues there was a marked increase in paternal allele expression with advancing developmental age. However, even by 42 days of post-partum development, expression of the paternal Gpd allele had not attained the adult, tissue-specific activity pattern. Our findings indicate remarkable developmental changes in the activity of the paternal allele in several tissues/organs continuing well into mid pouch-life stages and beyond. Specifically we found that 1) a substantially repressed paternal Gpdgene is present in the cells of female stage 29 fetuses and later developmental stages, 2) the activity state of the paternal Gpd gene is not fixed during early embryonic development in this species, 3) maior changes in paternal Gpd expression occur in advanced developmental stages and comprise a maturation of the gene expression pattern during ontogeny, and 4) alterations of paternal Gpd allele activity during development occur in a tissue-specific manner. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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