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  • SF-36 Health Survey  (2)
  • Septic shock  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of pentoxifylline on cytokine levels and inflammatory parameters in septic shock (1996)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 22 (1996), S. 888-893 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Pentoxifylline ; Septic shock ; Cytokines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To evaluate the influence of pentoxifylline (PTX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, on cytokines and inflammatory proteins in patients suffering from septic shock. Design: Prospective study comparing a therapy group to a matched control group. Setting: Medical intensive care unit at a university hospital. Patients: Twenty four patients fulfilling the criteria of septic shock were included in this study. Twelve patients received PTX (therapy group) and 12 patients matched for diagnosis, age and gender served as the control group. Interventions: Pentoxifylline at 1 mg/kg per hour over 24 h in the therapy group. Measurements ad results: Cytokine levels [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF)], soluble TNF receptor [TNF-R], and interleukin-6 [IL-6] and inflammatory proteins [C-reactive protein, α-1-antitrypsin (AAT), fibronectin, and haptoglobin], as well as hemodynamic parameters and the APACHE III score were evaluated before initiation of therapy and 24 h later. After 24 h, TNF levels were significantly lower in the therapy group (p=0.013), while IL-6 levels were significantly higher in the therapy group (p=0.030). Within the 24 h TNF declined significantly in the therapy group (p=0.006), while IL-6 showed a significant increase (p=0.043). AAT and the APACHE III score tended to differ significantly after 24 h between the groups [AAT levels higher in the therapy group (p=0.05), APACHE III score lower (p=0.05)]. In the therapy group, the systemic vascular resistance index was significantly higher after 24 h (p=0.0026) whereas the cardiac index declined (p=0.035). Conclusions: PTX does influence TNF levels in septic shock patients. Nevertheless, inhibiting a single mediator in severe septic shock cannot stop the inflammatory overreaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001340050183
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of pentoxifylline on cytokine levels and inflammatory parameters in septic shock (1996)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 22 (1996), S. 888-893 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Pentoxifylline ; Septic shock ; Cytokines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective To evaluate the influence of pentoxifylline (PTX), a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, on cytokines and inflammatory proteins in patients suffering from septic shock. Design Prospective study comparing a therapy group to a matched control group. Setting Medical intensive care unit at a university hospital. Patients Twenty four patients fulfilling the criteria of septic shock were included in this study. Twelve patients received PTX (therapy group) and 12 patients matched for diagnosis, age and gender served as the control group. Interventions Pentoxifylline at 1 mg/kg per hour over 24 h in the therapy group. Measurements ad results Cytokine levels [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF)], soluble TNF receptor [TNF-R], and interleukin-6 [IL-6] and inflammatory proteins [C-reactive protein, α-1-antitrypsin (AAT), fibronectin, and haptoglobin], as well as hemodynamic parameters and the APACHE III score were evaluated before initiation of therapy and 24 h later. After 24 h, TNF levels were significantly lower in the therapy group (p=0.013), while IL-6 levels were significantly higher in the therapy group (p=0.030). Within the 24 h TNF declined significantly in the therapy group (p=0.006), while IL-6 showed a significant increase (p=0.043). AAT and the APACHE III score tended to differ significantly after 24 h between the groups [AAT levels higher in the therapy group (p=0.05), APACHE III score lower (p=0.05)]. In the therapy group, the systemic vascular resistance index was significantly higher after 24 h (p=0.0026) whereas the cardiac index declined (p=0.035). Conclusions PTX does influence TNF levels in septic shock patients. Nevertheless, inhibiting a single mediator in severe septic shock cannot stop the inflammatory overreaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02044112
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Kiswahili version of the SF-36 Health Survey for use in Tanzania: translation and tests of scaling assumptions (1999)
    Springer
    Quality of life research 8 (1999), S. 101-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2649
    Keywords: SF-36 Health Survey ; Tanzania ; questionnaire translation ; IQOLA ; psychometric properties ; health status ; international ; cross-cultural research ; Kiswahili.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The objective of the study was to translate and adapt the SF-36 Health Survey for use in Tanzania and to test the psychometric properties of the Kiswahili SF-36. A cross-sectional study was conducted as part of a household survey of a representative sample of the adult population of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The IQOLA method of forward and backward translation was used to translate the SF-36 into Kiswahili. The translated questionnaire was administered by trained interviewers to 3,802 adults (50% women, mean (SD) age 31 (13) years, 50% married and 60% with primary education). Data quality and psychometric assumptions underlying the scoring of the eight SF-36 scales were evaluated for the entire sample and separately for the least educated subgroup (n=402), using multitrait scaling analysis. Forward and backward translation procedures resulted in a Kiswahili SF-36 that was considered conceptually equivalent to the US English SF-36. Data quality was excellent: only 1.2% of respondents were excluded because they answered less than half of the items for one or more scales; ninety percent of respondents answered mutually exclusive items consistently. Median item–scale correlations across the eight scales ranged from 0.47 to 0.81 for the entire sample. Median scaling success rates were 100% (range 87.5–100.0). The median internal consistency reliability of the eight scales for the entire sample was 0.81 (range 0.70–0.92). Floor effects were low and ceiling effects were high on five of the eight scales. Results for n=402 people without formal education did not differ substantially from those of the entire sample. The results of data quality and psychometric tests support the scoring of the eight scales using standard scoring algorithms. The Kiswahili translation of the SF-36 may be useful in estimating the health of people in Dar es Salaam. Evidence for the validity of the SF-36 for use in Tanzania needs to be accumulated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026441415079
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Validation of the Kiswahili version of the SF-36 Health Survey in a representative sample of an urban population in Tanzania (1999)
    Springer
    Quality of life research 8 (1999), S. 111-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2649
    Keywords: Tanzania ; health status assessment ; health-related quality of life ; SF-36 Health Survey ; known-groups validity ; cross-cultural studies.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The objective of this study was to assess the validity of a Kiswahili translation of the SF-36 Health Survey (SF-36) among an urban population in Tanzania, using the method of known-groups validation. People were randomly selected from a demographic surveillance system in Dar es Salaam. The representative sample consisted of 3,802 adults (15 years and older). Health status differences were hypothesized among groups, who differed in sex, age, socio-economic status and self-reported morbidity. Mean SF-36 scale scores were calculated and compared using t-test and ANOVA. Women had significantly lower mean SF-36 scale scores (indicating worse health status) than men on all scales and scores were lower for older people than younger on all domains, as hypothesized. On five of the eight SF-36 scales, means were higher for people of higher socio-economic status compared to those of lower socio-economic status. People who reported an illness within the previous 2 weeks scored significantly lower on all scales compared to those who were healthy, as did people who said they had a disability or a chronic condition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026431727374
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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