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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The measurement of charge response of powders exposed to ion bombardment (1969)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 13 (1969), S. 1909-1919 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A system has been designed and developed to subject a sample of powder on a grounded metal plate to charging by ion bombardment and to measure the charge accepted by the sample. Observation of the charge decay from the sample was also possible. A method of sample preparation was evolved which made it possible to obtain samples of known particle size and number of particles. The sensitivity of measurement and the noise levels were investigated and found to be acceptable. Calibration tests were made to determine the validity of the proposed equation relating the measured voltage, circuit capacitances, and the ratio of probe height to net charge location. It was found that for a wide range of values of the ratio of probe height to particle diameter, the linear equation was a good description of the process and could be used to accurately determine the charge on a sample. Some measurements were made on typical powders to illustrate the feasibility of the method and equipment to characterize variable charging properties.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1969.070130910
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protection of polymers from degradation by ultraviolet light: Compensation for increased UV light intensity by increased UV absorber concentration (1987)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 33 (1987), S. 2249-2252 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1987.070330632
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conformational aspects of polypeptides. XI. The nitroaromatic effectSubmitted by A. M. Felix to the faculty of the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Ph.D. degree in Chemistry. For previous paper in series, see Goodman, Boardman, and Listowsky.1 (1963)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 1 (1963), S. 371-400 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: β-ρ-Nitrobenzyl-L-aspartate and γ-p-nitrobenzyl-L-glutamate were synthesized, and copolymers were prepared respectively with β-benzyl-D-(and -L-) aspartate and γ-benzyl-L-glutamate. In chloroform there is a reversal in helical sense of poly-β-benzyl-L-aspartate to the right-handed sense of poly-β-p-nitrobenzyl-L-aspartate when 26-32 mole-% of the latter is present in the copolymer. A new conformationally dependent Cotton effect was found for these copolymers at 370 mμ. In dimethylformamide there is a transition from the random conformation of poly-β-benzyl-D-(or -L-) aspartate to the right-handed helical sense of poly-β-p-nitrobenzyl-L-aspartate. The formation of a side chain helix is proposed to explain the enhanced rotatory properties for the nitrated aspartates. In the glutamate series no helix reversal or unusual rotatory properties were observed in DMF or chloroform.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360010409
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular weight characterization of soluble high performance polyimides. 1. Polymer-solvent-stationary phase interactions in size exclusion chromatography (1995)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 33 (1995), S. 1429-1439 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: soluble aromatic polyimides ; size exclusion chromatography ; molecular weight characterization ; mobile phase/stationary phase interactions (SEC) ; high performance polyimides ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Soluble, fully cyclized m-amino phenyl acetylene terminated polyimides based on several anhydride/diamine monomers were prepared in N-methylpyrrolidine (NMP) and cyclized by solution imidization to controlled molecular weight. The polyimides and a polyamic acid precursor were successfully analyzed by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) utilizing online parallel coupled refractive index and differential viscometer detectors. The calculated Mnvalues were varied from 3,000 to 20,000 daltons. N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), tetrahydrofuran (THF), and chloroform served as mobile phases for the cross-linked polystyrene gel packings. Normal retention behavior of the polyimides was observed in chloroform, THF, and NMP containing LiBr, or in NMP stirred over P2O5 before use. Values of Mark-Houwink-Sakurada exponents for narrow distribution linear polystyrene indicate that pure NMP and NMP with 0.06 M LiBr are good solvents for polystyrene standards at 60°C. In contrast, SEC behavior of polyimides in pure NMP leads to splitting of the peaks with the major portion observed to pass through the columns at the exclusion limit. In contrast to strong polymeric chain expansion of the polyamic acid in dilute solution, presumably due to a polyelectrolyte effect, no increase of intrinsic viscosity of polyimide samples in pure NMP was observed. This exclusion effect of polyimides analyzed in NMP is discussed in terms of possible ion-exclusion from pores of the stationary phase. Differences in polystyrene calibration in NMP with or without additives and the temperature dependence of calibration curves in these mobile phases is discussed as well. ©1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1995.090331001
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular weight characterization of soluble high performance polyimides. 2. Validity of universal SEC calibration and absolute molecular weight calculation (1995)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 33 (1995), S. 1441-1448 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: soluble high-performance fully cyclized polyimides ; molecular weight characterization ; size exclusion chromatography (SEC) ; LALLS ; in-line viscosity detection ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Six different soluble high-performance aromatic polyimides, each prepared by solution imidization to three controlled average molecular weights, were analyzed by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) using on-line parallel coupled refractometric and viscometric detectors. N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) with 0.06 M LiBr and NMP stirred over P2O5 were used as mobile phase for four of the polyimides; NMP with 0.06 M LiBr and NMP stirred over P2O5 were used as mobile phases for four of the polyimides; NMP with 0.06 M LiBr tetrahydrofuran (THF) and chloroform served as mobile phases for the other two polyimides. For all the samples the stationary phase in the SEC columns was cross-linked polystyrene beads. Molecular weight averages of the polyimides were calculated using universal SEC calibration with polystyrene standards in each solvent. The agreement of the calculated molecular weight averages in the different solvents confirms that the universal SEC calibrations are valid for these semiflexible polymers. There was good agreement with weightaverage molecular weights obtained by low-angle laser light scattering (LALLS) performed in pure NMP. Intrinsic viscosity and molecular weight data for a series of nine samples of one polyimide covering a Mw = 20,000-70,000 g mol-1 interval were treated to obtain Mark-Houwink-Sakurada constants. Unperturbed chain dimensions of this polyimide were obtained by application of the Stockmayer-Fixman extrapolation procedure to these data. ©1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1995.090331002
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular weight distribution in a polymer film degraded by lightProd. No. 1261 (1966)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 10 (1966), S. 353-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: An explicit expression is derived for the weight distribution function of polymer molecules in a photodegraded film. A most probable weight distribution of linear molecules is assumed initially present; normally incident, monochromatic light obeying a single Beer-Lambert absorption relation is the photolyzing radiation. The dependence of the weight distribution upon the film's optical thickness and the integrated incident light flux is illustrated by curves computed according to the derived functions. Predicted gel permeation chromatograms are indicated.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1966.070100301
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light stabilization of polymers using opaque pigments (1987)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 33 (1987), S. 1389-1395 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The ultraviolet light screening characteristics of monodisperse and polydisperse opaque spherical pigment particles are examined in the nonreflection limit. The screening capability for polydisperse particle size distributions is most uniquely described in terms of the area-average radius. The light screening is related to the pigment's area-average radius and volume fraction loading. Light intensity as a function of depth is stated for systems containing an opaque pigment and a soluble UV light absorber.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1987.070330426
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid determination of the MW of a PF resin by HPSEC using a bondagel column (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 32 (1986), S. 4291-4293 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1986.070320342
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Light scattering and viscosity study of electron-irradiated polystyrene and polymethacrylatesContribution No. 109 from the Central Research Department, Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co. Presented in part at the 128th Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Minneapolis, Minnesota, September, 1955. (1956)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 22 (1956), S. 495-507 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The solution viscosity behavior of polymers previously irradiated by high-energy sources is treated theoretically by a combination of existing random crosslinking and degradation theory and branched-polymer solution viscosity theory. The derived relations are applied to data on polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate and poly-tert-butyl methacrylate irradiated as films in air with 1000 kvp. electrons. Polystyrene films underwent gelation exhibiting an energy dissipation per crosslinked unit Ec = 855 electron volts and a main-chain scission to crosslinked unit ratio α/β = 0.35. Pregelation light-scattering molecular weights of the irradiated polystyrene predicted an incident gelation dose (9.4 megareps) in good agreement with that (10.3 megareps) observed by gel measurements. Theory satisfactorily reproduced the solution viscosity data over a wide range of pregelation radiation doses. A combination of light-scattering and intrinsic viscosity data proved conclusively that no appreciable crosslinking occurs during the degradation of polymethyl methacrylate under 1000 kvp. electrons. The apparent energy dissipation per main-chain scission, Ed = 58-62 e.v., determined by viscometry is therefore the true Ed in this instance. Reactions leading to crosslinking in polyacrylates are either blocked or diverted by the methyl group on the polymethacrylate backbone. Poly-tert-butyl methacrylate degrades under electron bombardment with an Ed = 43 e.v.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1956.1202210215
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-energy radiation effects on polyacrylates and polymethacrylatesContribution No. 124 from the Central Research Department, Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co., St. Paul, Minn.This paper was presented before a joint symposium of the Paint, Plastics and Printing Ink Division and the Polymer Division at the 132nd American Chemical Society Meeting in New York City, September 12, 1957. (1959)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 35 (1959), S. 369-379 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Chemical and physical changes produced in polymethacrylates and polyacrylates by ionizing radiations are examined in the light of data revealing molecular structural changes and ultimate fragmentation products. A 1,4-diradical or concerted mechanism is postulated for polymethacrylate main-chain scission.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1959.1203512905
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