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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 69 (1993), S. 33-39 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Hymenoptera ; Aphidiinae ; aphid ; sex pheromone ; parasitoid ; Praon volucre ; Aphidius rhopalosiphi
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Laboratory and field experiments provided evidence for the release of sex pheromones by virgin femalePraon volucre Haliday andAphidius rhopalosiphi De Stefani-Perez (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae). In Petri dish biosassays, rubber or vermiculite models treated with crude virgin female extracts were frequently approached by males and elicited rapid wing-fanning behaviour and copulation attempts. Delta-shaped water traps containing live virgin females caught large numbers of conspecific males when placed in winter wheat crops. Trapping slightly below crop height resulted in higher catches than trapping above the crop canopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 63 (1992), S. 259-264 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Aphid ; parasitoid ; honeydew ; behaviour ; cereals
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Dispersal cages were used to investigate the effects of aphids and treatment with artificial honeydew on the leaving rate of searching females of the parasitoid Aphidius rhopalosiphi from groups of wheat plants. Parasitoids which flew away from groups of plants placed in the centre of a cage were trapped on the sides and roof of the cage and thus were prevented from returning to the plants. The positions of trapped parasitoids suggested their direction of flight when dispersing from the plants. Parasitoids increased their residence times on groups of plants in the presence of aphids and of artificial honeydew, but the rate of parasitism of the host Sitobion avenae was not raised by the presence of artificial honeydew under the experimental conditions used. The direction of flight taken by the majority of parasitoids suggested that they were leaving the plants in order to locate further plants nearby to continue searching rather than to terminate searching and disperse away from the area. The need to consider plant patch size in studies of parasitoid searching behaviour is stressed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Oviposition-deterring pheromone ; cabbage seed weevil ; Ceutorhynchus assimilis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Behavioral bioassays have confirmed that the oviposition-deterring secretion of the cabbage seed weevil, Ceutorhynchus assimilis Payk., can be isolated from glass tubes marked by the weevil and from extracts of its dissected seventh urotergite. Analysis of the secretion by gas chromatography—mass spectrometry showed that it contained iso- and n-alkanes, dimethylalkanes, alkenes, fatty acids, 15-nonacosanonc, 15-nonacosanol, and cholesterol. The oviposition-deterring properties of the secretion are associated with a more polar traction, isolated by liquid chromatography front an extract of the seventh urotergite.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Oviposition-deterring pheromone ; host marking pheromone ; marker ; electrophysiology ; contact chemoreception ; gustatory sensilla ; antenna ; behavior ; Ceutorhynchus assimilis ; Coleoptera ; Curculionidae ; Brassica napus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Following oviposition into a pod of oilseed rape (Brassica napus), the female cabbage seed weevil (Ceutorhynchus assimilis) marks the pod with oviposition-deterring pheromone (ODP) by brushing it with her eighth abdominal tergite. On an unmarked pod, oviposition site selection was always accompanied by intensive antennation of the pod. Females approaching a freshly ODP-marked pod brought their antennae within 1 mm of the pod but usually did not antennate it before rejecting it for oviposition. Females with the clubs of their antennae amputated continued to discriminate pods from stems or petioles as oviposition sites but showed no behavioral response to ODP. Extracts of volatiles air-entrained from ovipositing weevils failed to inhibit oviposition. Air passed over a behaviorally active extract of ODP did not elicit a detectable electroantennogram response. By contrast, when presented as a gustatory stimulus to the sensilla chaetica of the antennal club, a behaviorally active extract of ODP from postdiapause, gravid females elicited a strong electrophysiological response. This response usually involved more than one cell and displayed a phasic–tonic time course over the recording period of 10 sec. Extract from prediapause (and hence sexually immature) females elicited neither behavioral nor electrophysiological (contact) responses. Thus the ODP of the cabbage seed weevil is sensed primarily by contact chemoreception at the sensilla chaetica of the antennae, and the electrophysiological responses recorded from these gustatory sensilla are of value as the basis of a bioassay to assist identification of the active constituent(s) of the pheromone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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