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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Der Hautarzt 45 (1994), S. 464-467 
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Schlagwort(e): Schlüsselwörter: Kopfschuppen – Seborrhoische Dermatitis – Pityrosporum ovale – Minimale Hemmkonzentration ; Key words: Dandruff – Seborrhoeic dermatitis –Pityrosporum ovale– Minimum inhibition concentration
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Summary. Thirty strains of the lipophilic yeast Pityrosporum ovale were isolated from patients suffering from seborrhoeic dermatitis and dandruff and tested for susceptibility both to some classic antifungal agents and to several primarily non-antimycotic drugs. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of altogether eleven agents were measured by the agar dilution technique. As expected, the tested imidazoles showed a good inhibition of growth of Pityrosporum. The most effective agents were ketoconazole (MIC 0.1 µg/ml) and itraconazole (MIC 0.05 µg/ml for some strains). MIC for fluconazole, clotrimazole and tioconazole were also low, indicating a good inhibition of Pityrosporum. In contrast, the range of MIC for bifonazole was moderate to high (for some strains 12.5 – 25 µg/ml). For zinc pyrithion a very good in vitro efficacy (MIC 0.78 – 1.56 µg/ml) was dedicated. The MIC for selenium disulphide was 1.56 – 3.13 µg/ml. The antipsoriatic drugs dithranol and liquor carbonis detergens also inhibited growth of all Pityrosporum ovale strains investigated but only at higher concentrations.
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung. Von Patienten mit seborrhoischer Dermatitis und Kopfschuppen wurden 30 Pityrosporum ovale-Stämme isoliert und deren In-vitro-Empfindlichkeit sowohl gegenüber verschiedenen klassischen Antimykotika, als auch gegen einige antiseborrhoische und antipsoriatische Wirkstoffe getestet. Für die Ermittlung der minimalen Hemmkonzentration (MHK) wurde ein Agardilutionstest eingesetzt. Wie zu erwarten war, hemmten die getesteten Imidazolderivate das Wachstum von Pityrosporum ovale in vitro gut. Den besten Hemmeffekt hatten Ketoconazol (MHK 0,1 µg/ml) und Itraconazol (MHK-Werte von 0,05 µg/ml für einige Stämme). Aber auch die MHK-Werte der anderen untersuchten Azole Fluconazol, Tioconazol und Clotrimazol sowie des Polyen-Antimykotikums Natamycin waren niedrig, was ebenfalls für eine gute Hemmwirkung gegenüber Pityrosporum spricht. Zink-Pyrithion wies eine sehr gute Wirksamkeit gegen Pityrosporum ovale auf (MHK 0,78 – 1,56 µg/ml). Die MHK-Werte von Selendisulfid lagen im Bereich von 1,56 bis 3,13 µg/ml. Eine Wachstumshemmung von Pityrosporum konnte auch durch die Antipsoriatika Dithranol und Steinkohlenteer erzielt werden; es waren dafür jedoch höhere Wirkstoffkonzentrationen erforderlich.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Der Hautarzt 47 (1996), S. 336-340 
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Raynaud-Phänomen ; Progressive Sklerodermie ; Gefäßtonus ; Neuropeptide ; Key words Raynaud phenomenon ; Systemic sclerosis ; Vascular tone ; Neuropeptides
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Summary The Raynaud phenomenon occurs in 90–100% of patients with systemic scleroderma. It is caused by dysregulation of the vascular tone between vasocontrictive and vasodilatory influences. Early damage to the vascular endothelium and the activation of platelets lead to the release of vasoactive substances. Structural and function impairment of the perivascular neural fibers contributes to the vasospasm. New vasodilatory treatment strategies, e.g. infusions with calcitonin gene-related peptides, could be useful in the control of vasospasm in the peripheral extremities as well as internal organs in systemic scleroderma.
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Das Raynaud-Phänomen kommt bei 90–100% der Patienten mit progressiver Sklerodermie vor. Es beruht auf einer Dysregulation des Gefäßtonus im Gleichgewicht von vasokonstriktorischen und vasodilatatorischen Einflüssen. Die frühzeitige Schädigung des Gefäßendothels und Aktivierung von Thrombozyten führen zur Freisetzung vasoaktiver Substanzen. Die strukturellen und funktionellen Veränderungen der perivaskulären Nervenfasern tragen zur Genese des Vasospasmus bei Sklerodermie bei. Neue Konzepte der gefäßerweiternden Therapie, wie z.B. Infusionen mit Calcitonin gen-related Peptiden könnten für die Verhinderung des Vasospasmus der peripheren Extremitäten und internen Organe bei der Sklerodermie nützlich sein.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Schlagwort(e): Progressive systemic sclerosis ; Lysosomal hydrolases ; Fibroblast culture ; Collagen
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary In 14 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) the activities of acid lysosomal glycosidases (α-, β-galactosidase, β-glucosidase, β-glucuronidase, and β-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase) were determined fluorometrically in serum, leukocytes, and skin tissue. The β-galactosidase was the only enzyme which exhibited a significantly elevated activity in PSS serum and skin but not leukocytes, as compared to the control. The activity patterns of the studied glycosidases in serum were similar to those found in skin, but differ from the distribution of glycosidase activities in leukocytes. In cultured dermal fibroblasts derived from PSS patients, an elevated intracellular activity of β-galactosidase was detected. These results suggest that the increased β-galactosidase activity in the serum originates from the skin fibroblasts.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 11 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-3083
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Objectives To review the pathophysiological background of systemic sclerosis in relation to the main, components involved: microvascular system, immunological system and fibroblasts of the connective tissue.Background Although many particular aspects of the pathophysiology of systemic sclerosis have been investigated in recent years, the complexity of the pathogenesis and the important links between the components involved remain unclear.Methods Literature review.Results and conclusion Scleroderma is a connective tissue disorder resulting in a progressive fibrosis of skin and internal organs. The genetic background is not clear. The microvascular system is one of the first targets involved (damage of capillaries, enhanced expression of adhesion molecules interacting with lymphocytes, perivascular infiltrates as starting points for tissue fibrosis). The immune system is unbalanced (selection of T-cell subpopulations, elevated serum levels of several cytokines, occurrence of autoantigens to topoisomerase I, centromeric proteins and RNA polymerases). As far as autoimmunity is concerned the triggering autoantigen is still unknown. Development of connective tissue fibrosis is prominent (sub-populations of fibroblasts with disturbed regulation of collagen turnover by TGF-β, CTGF and collagen receptors (α1β1, α2β2)). Investigation of pathophysiology of scleroderma is effected by monitoring the serum levels for soluble mediators, by cell culture studies of affected and non-affected fibroblasts and EC, by studying environmentally induced forms of scleroderma and by studies using animal models.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 13 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-3083
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: We report on two patients (one female 42 years, one male 47 years) suffering from insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) for more than 20 years. Both patients exhibited sclerodactyly and sclerosis of the hands and lower arms as well as swelling and slight contracture of the distal interphalangeal joints. Interestingly, internal organs were not involved and auto-antibodies characteristic for scleroderma were missing. Poor utilization and excess of glucose seem to be responsible for the activation of fibroblasts to produce abundant matrix proteins in the skin. Significant therapeutic improvement of the glucose metabolism was able to improve joint contractures or at least to stop the progression of skin changes in our patients. These skin changes should not be misdiagnosed as systemic sclerosis.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 4 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-3083
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: We report on one patient suffering from amyopathic dermatomyositis, and two patients with transient or mild muscle involvement, respectively. The rare subset of amyopathic dermatomyositis is characterized by benign clinical course and prognosis. Leading cutaneous symptoms are heliotropic rash, periorbital violaceous-red erythema and edema, erythematous lichenoid plaques at the dorsum of the hands and fingers, hyperkeratotic, hyperesthetic eponychium, nailfold capillary abnormalities and the skin histology, while itching and photosensitivity are optional features. On the other hand, clinical or laboratory evidence of muscle involvement is absent for at least 2 years. The two patients with transient or mild muscle involvement point to transitional forms between amyopathic and classical dermatomyositis. As differential diagnosis lupus erythematosus, (photo)contact eczema, lichen planus, psoriasis, seborrhoic dermatitis and atopic dermatitis, as well as polymorphic light eruption and erythroderma, should be considered. Association with internal malignancy is rare, but is to be excluded. Waiting, hydroxychlorochine and systemic glucocorticoids are the steps of treatment, depending on the clinical course.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 14 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-3083
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Objective To evaluate the efficacy, safety and side-effects of methotrexate (MTX) in psoriasis. Design A 26-year retrospective study. Setting Department of Dermatology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany. Patients One hundred and fifty-seven patients with extensive plaque psoriasis, erythrodermic, pustular and arthropathic forms, were treated with low-dose methotrexate (15–20 mg maximum weekly dosage [Weinstein schedule]), the majority for long-term periods. The mean cumulative dose was 3394 mg, the mean duration 237 weeks. Results The effect of MTX treatment was good in 76%, moderate in 18% and poor in 6% of subjects; 61% experienced side-effects, most frequently due to liver function abnormalities, bone marrow suppression, nausea, gastric complaints and hair loss. In 20% of cases the subjects were forced to discontinue therapy; 9% refused therapy due to physical and psychological discomfort, 2% wanted to become pregnant, 16% were lost to follow-up, 6% died from multimorbidity and old age. Three subjects (2%) developed cancer of the lung, breast or cervix uteri, possibly in relation to long-term MTX treatment. Altogether there were no deaths or life-threatening side-effects attributable to MTX treatment, and no cases of progressive liver cirrhosis apart from two extensive skin necroses due to overdosage (misunderstanding, suicidal attempt) that were treated successfully with citrovorum factor. Conclusion Low-dose MTX (〈15–20 mg/week) is an effective therapy for extensive and severe forms of psoriasis if patients are selected carefully and monitored regularly, particularly with respect to liver and bone marrow toxicity. This helps to reduce severe side-effects even during long-term treatment. Drug interactions must be avoided. MTX therapy according to the guidelines is relatively safe and still has a place in the systemic treatment of psoriasis with 40 years of experience and an acceptable safety record.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 4 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-3083
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 6 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-3083
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Background In addition to the infestation with scabies mites also allergic IgE mediated mechanisms play a role in the pathogenesis of scabies.Aim The aim of this study was to answer the question whether specific IgE mediated reactions to house dust and storage mites can be found and whether eosinophils are involved in the pathogenesis of scabies.Material 44 scabies patients (12 children. 32 adults) were classified according to the extent of skin involvement as mild, moderate and severe. Age- and sex-matched healthy controls and patients with atopic dermatitis were studied for comparative purposes.Methods Total and specific IgE to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, D. farinae, Acartis siro and Pityrosporon ovale were tested by CAP-FEIA (Pharmacia. Sweden) before and 6 weeks after treatment and prick tests were performed with the same allergens. The number of eosinophils in the peripheral blood and tissue specimens was counted and the eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) was determined by CAP-FEIA in serum before and 6 weeks after therapy.Results The total IgE was increased in 86% of patients. It was correlated with the extent of skin involvement (p 〈 0.05) and was significantly less increased 6 weeks after treatment (p 〈 0.115). Specific IgE to house dust and storage mites was increased up to 48% in the CAP-EEIA and up to 61% in the prick test, all together significantly higher than in controls and in comparable frequencies with atopic dermatitis. Pityrosporon ovate IgE was within normal ranges. Die ECP levels were increased in 89% of patients and correlated only in mild versus moderate or severe extent of the disease. 6 weeks after treatment, however, they were significantly less increased (p 〈 1.01). In addition. ECP levels were correlated with the IgE levels in scabies (C = 0.88). The number of eosinophils in the peripheral blood was increased in 64% of cases and in tissue specimens in 84% of cases studied. In principle, the extent of skin lesions was milder and the frequencies of specific IgE in the CAP- and prick test as well as the levels of total IgE (p 〈 0.01) and ECP (only in the tendency) were lower in children than in adults.Discussion The frequencies in the total and specific IgE to house dust and storage mites are comparable with those in atopic dermatitis. The question remains open, whether this is due to cross reactivity with scabies mites or whether this suggests an enhanced susceptibility to generalized scabies eruption. The increase in the ECP and its correlation to IgE, its decline after treatment (p 〈 0.05) and the occurrence of eosinophils in the peripheral blood and in inflammatory infiltrates of the skin suggest the involvement of eosinophils in the pathogenesis of scabies as an ectoparasitic IgE mediated disease.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 16 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-3083
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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