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  • 1
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Key words: Inflammation mediators — ECP — MPO — Acute asthma — Steroid reduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objective and Design: The main objective was to establish the level of serum ECP in a group of adult asthmatic patients with acute exacerbation and the following resolution and in another group of adult, stable asthmatic patients during reduction of inhaled steroids.¶Subjects and Treatment: Acute group: Twenty-one asthmatic patients admitted to the asthma clinic with acute deterioration of their asthma were set on oral steroids which were reduced to 0 within one week. Reduction group: Forty-four stable asthmatic patients on maintenance inhaled steroids were included and, on the basis of their peak expiratory flow (PEF) values, adjustments in the doses of steroids were made. Control group: Twenty stable asthmatics on a constant dose of inhaled steroids were enrolled as controls.¶Methods: All patients registered daily PEF measurements and spirometry was performed at each visit. Blood samples were drawn and analysed for eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), myeloperoxidase (MPO), eosinophils and neutrophils.¶Results: ECP was low and within the normal range for all three groups at study entry. (Acute group = 8.4 μg/l, reduction group = 3.7 μg/l and control group = 4.6 μg/l). Nevertheless, the value in the acute group was significantly higher than in the control group (p = 0.005). The levels in the acute group decreased significantly (p = 0.004) after one week on oral steroids. No significant changes in ECP were observed in the reduction group or in the control group during the follow-up period. The lung function was low in the acute group at inclusion, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) = 47.1% of predicted, and increased significantly during the treatment period (p = 0.006). The patients in the reduction- and control group showed small variations in lung function during the whole study, FEV1 〉70% and PEF 〉 80% of predicted, respectively. No correlation between atopy and ECP was found in the patients irrespective of the stage of disease.¶Conclusions: This study suggests that the resolution of acute asthma exacerbations during treatment could be followed using ECP determinations. In stable asthmatics on inhaled steroids and with normal ECP levels, a dose reduction could be indicated. A longer period after tapering off steroids is proposed to confirm the benefit of ECP measurements for controlling asthma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 226 (1980), S. 187-197 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Nasenpolypen ; Rhinitis allergica ; Nasal polyps ; Nasal allergy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A safe differentiation between allergic and non-allergic polyps appears impossible by means of light or electron microscopical examination of polyp tissue. There are some indications, however, which point to the allergic or non-allergic origin and it seems that the relationship between eosinophils and plasma cells with a low index is characteristic for polyps of allergic origin. Eosinophils and round-cell infiltrations are present in all types of polyps. An index of eosinophils to plasma cells below 5 is indicative for allergy and should induce the pathologist to give a hint to the clinician for allergological work-up. An index above 5 is more corresponding with infective etiology. Any changes of the basement membrane, i.e., smaller or larger gaps or even absence, are found only very irregularly and are not typical findings in either way. An increased number of glands and collagenic fibres, especially under the epithelium, are more an expression of the age of the polyp. Since the conservative therapy as mentioned above leads to good therapeutical results, it is desirable that an allergological work-up should be done in any case which shows the histological findings indicative for allergic etiology. Thus, repeated operations with all the risks and uncertain therapeutical benefit can be avoided.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. Eine exakte Differenzierung zwischen allergischen und nichtallergischen Polypen erscheint mittels licht- oder elektronenmikroskopischer Untersuchung vom Polypgewebe unmöglich. Es gibt jedoch einige Anzeichen, welche die allergische oder nichtallergische Ätiologie anzeigen und es scheint, daß das Verhalten zwischen Eosinophilen und Plasmazellen mit einem niedrigen Index charakteristisch für Polypen allergischer Ursache ist. Eosinophile und Rundzellinfiltrationen sind in allen Typen von Polypen vorhanden. Der Index Eosinophiler zu Plasmazellen unter 5 zeigt eine Allergie an; ein solcher Befund sollte den Pathologen veranlassen, dem Kliniker einen Hinweis zu geben, daß eine allergologische Untersuchung vorgenommen werden sollte. Ein Index über 5 korrespondiert mehr mit infektiver bzw. nichtallergischer Ätiologie. 2. Veränderungen an der Basalmembran, wie kleine oder größere Gaps oder auch Fehlen der Basalmembran treten selten auf und sind keine typischen Befunde der einen oder der anderen Art von Polypen. 3. Eine zunehmende Zahl der Glandulae mucosae und der kollagenen Fasern, besonders unter dem Epithelium, sind mehr Ausdruck des Alters des Polyps als einer der Ätiologie. 4. Da die konservative Therapie, wie eingangs erwähnt, zu guten Resultaten führt, ist es wünschenswert, daß eine allergologische Diagnostik in den Fällen von Polypen vorgenommen wird, bei denen die histo-morphologischen Befunde für eine allergische Ätiologie sprechen. So könnten wiederholte Operationen mit all den Risiken und unsicherem therapeutischen Nutzen häufig vermieden werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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