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  • Granuläre Degeneration  (1)
  • Histochemistry  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Key words Transglutaminase ; Epidermis ; Lamellar ichthyosis ; Skin ; Histochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyoses are disorders of epidermal cornification, but are clinically and etiologically heterogeneous. Some cases, known as lamellar ichthyosis, are caused by mutations in the TGM1 gene encoding transglutaminase 1, which result in markedly diminished or lost enzyme activity and/or protein. In some cases, this enzyme is present but there is little detectable activity, and in other clinically similar cases, transglutaminase 1 levels appear to be normal. Since conventional enzyme assays and mutational analyses are tedious, we developed a novel assay for the rapid screening of transglutaminase 1 activity using covalent incorporation of biotinylated substrate peptides into skin cryostat sections. Coupled with immunohistochemical assays using transglutaminase 1 antibodies, our method allows rapid identification of those cases caused by alterations in this enzyme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Genodermatosen ; Palmoplantarkeratose ; Granuläre Degeneration ; Keratin ; Mutationen ; Key words Genodermatosis ; Palmoplantar keratoderma ; Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis ; Keratin ; Mutations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In 1901, Vörner described a diffuse keratoderma of palms and soles with autosomal dominant inheritance. Histopathologically, this disease has the typical features of epidermolytic hyperkeratosis. Clinical examination does not allow differentiation between keratoderma of the Vörner type and the keratoderma described by Thost in 1880 and Unna in 1883. Reexamination of the family originally seen by Thost revealed histopathological signs of epidermolytic hyperkeratosis, confirming that keratoderma of the Vörner type is present in this family. The clinical features and variability of this palmoplantar keratoderma were demonstrated on the basis of an examination of 22 families (46 patients). In addition to diffuse hyperkeratosis of palms and soles with a sharp demarcation and erythematous margin, some less well-known features, such as knuckle pad-like keratoses on the finger joints and clubbing of the nails were observed. A genetic analysis of the pedigrees suggests that new mutations causing this disorder rarely occur. Point mutations in the keratin 9 gene, which has been mapped to chromosome 17q21, can be a cause of epidermolytic keratoderma of palms and soles. Five different keratin 9 gene mutations were identified. All these mutations are localized in the highly conserved coil 1A region of the rod domain, which is thought to be relevant for dimer formation in intermediate filaments.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Vörner stellte 1901 eine diffuse, autosomal-dominant erbliche Palmoplantarkeratose vor, die histologisch die charaktistischen Veränderungen der granulären Degeneration zeigt. Klinisch ist diese Genodermatose mit den von Thost 1880 und Unna 1883 beschriebenen Keratosen der Handflächen und Fußsohlen identisch. Bei einer Nachuntersuchung der von Thost beobachteten Familie wurde eine granuläre Degeneration gefunden und so die Identität dieser Erkrankung mit der von Vörner beschriebenen Keratose nachgewiesen. Anhand der Untersuchung von 22 Familien wird die typische klinische Symptomatik und Histologie und die familiäre Variabilität der Merkmale erörtert. Außer der charakteristischen diffusen Palmoplantarkeratose mit scharfer Begrenzung und rotem Randsaum wurden als bisher wenig beachtete Symptome Knöchelpolster-artige Hyperkeratosen an den Streckseiten von Händen und Füßen und Uhrglasnagel-artige Wölbungen der Nägel beobachtet. Die Ergebnisse der Stammbaumanalysen lassen vermuten, daß Neumutationen dieser Keratose außerordentlich selten sind. Als ein zugrundeliegendes Gen dieser Palmoplantarkeratose wurde das Keratin 9-Gen auf Chromosom 17q21 gefunden. Bisher konnten fünf verschiedene Punktmutationen im Keratin 9-Gen nachgewiesen werden, die alle in Exon 1 in der sogenannten Coil 1A-Region liegen, einer stark konservierten Genregion, die für die Dimer-Bildung der Intermediärfilamente verantwortlich ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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