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  • Fractions  (1)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Comparison ; Carcinogenicity ; Engine oil ; Fractions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The purpose of this investigation was to identify the substances mainly responsible for the carcinogenic effect of used engine oil from gasoline engines using topical application as a carcinogen-specific bioassay. This was performed by comparison of the tumorigenic effect of single fractions with that of an unseparated sample of the lubricating oil. The probit analysis of the results shows: 1) The used engine oil, from gasoline-driven automobiles, investigated provoked local tumors after long-term application to the dorsal skin of mice. The incidence of carcinoma depended on the dose of the oil. 2) The fraction of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) containing more than three rings accounts for about 70% of the total carcinogenicity in the case of crankcase oil. This fraction constitutes only up to 1.14% by weight of the total oil sample. 3) The content of benzo(a)pyrene (216.8 mg/kg) accounts for 18% of the total carcinogenicity of the used oil. 4) Regarding the reduced carcinogenicity of the oil sample, which was reconstituted from all fractions, it seems possible that some of the carcinogenic substances were lost due to volatility, with evaporation of the solvents from the oil-fractionation processes. 5) Regarding the small effect of the PAH-free fraction, as well as the equal carcinogenic effects of the PAH-fraction (containing more than three rings) and the reconstituted oil sample, no hints for a co-carcinogenic activity were obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Oxygen radicals ; Reperfusion ; Liver ; Rat ; Electron-spin-resonance ; Spin trap PBN
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Freie Sauerstoffradikale werden als Kausalfaktor in einer Vielzahl von Erkrankungen, u. a. auch im postischämischen Reperfusionsschaden vermutet. Der Nachweis freier Radikale ist schwierig and wird in der Regel indirekt geführt. Mit der Elektronenspinresonanz gelingt es, in einem Tiermodell mit Leberischämie und -reperfusion das Auftreten von Radikalen im Lebergewebe nach 60minütiger Leberischämie nachzuweisen. Bereits nach 5minütiger Reperfusion treten vermehrte Radikale auf. Das Maximum der Radikalentstehung wird nach 15minütiger Reperfusion erreicht, wobei die übermäβige Produktion von freien Radikalen für mindestens 45 min Reperfusion nachweisbar bleibt. Soll these Kausalkette des postischämischen Reperfusionsschadens unterbrochen werden, müssen Fängermecha-nismen bereits zu Beginn der Reperfusion in ausreichender Konzentration im Gewebe vorhanden sein.
    Notes: Summary The generation of free oxygen radicals is presumed to be a pathogenetic principle in various conditions, primarily in postischemic reperfusion injury. Their assessment is difficult. ESR is an excellent tool to assess free radicals directly. 1n an experimental model of rat liver ischemia and reperfusion the increased generation of free radicals during reperfusion in liver tissue could be demonstrated after 60 min of liver ischemia. Elevated production rates of radicals could be detected after 5 min of reperfusion for at least 45 min with a maximum after 15 min of reperfusion. Scavenging of these radicals has to start in the very beginning of reperfusion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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