Keywords:
Environmental toxicology.
;
Electronic books.
Type of Medium:
Online Resource
Pages:
1 online resource (249 pages)
Edition:
1st ed.
ISBN:
9783030883263
Series Statement:
Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Series ; v.258
URL:
https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/geomar/detail.action?docID=6810910
Language:
English
Note:
Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Review on Health Impacts from Domestic Coal Burning: Emphasis on Endemic Fluorosis in Guizhou Province, Southwest China -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Endemic Fluorosis in Guizhou Province -- 2.1 Origin of the Health Issue -- 2.2 Epidemiological Data -- 2.3 Possible Exposure Routes -- 2.3.1 Drinking Water -- 2.3.2 Foodstuffs -- 2.3.3 Other Exposure Routes -- 2.4 Possible Sources of Fluorine -- 2.4.1 Fluorine in Soil -- 2.4.2 Fluorine in Coal -- 2.4.3 Fluorine in Clay -- 2.5 Real Culprit of the Endemic Fluorosis in Guizhou Province -- 2.6 Control of the Endemic Fluorosis in Guizhou Province -- 3 Other Health Problems -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Dissipation, Fate, and Toxicity of Crop Protection Chemical Safeners in Aquatic Environments -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods -- 3 Leaching -- 4 Sorption -- 5 Volatilization -- 6 Photolysis -- 7 Chemical Reduction and Nucleophilic Substitution -- 8 Biological Degradation -- 9 Toxicity -- 10 Conclusion -- 11 Methods for Laboratory Studies -- References -- Do Endemic Soil Fauna Species Deserve Extra Protection for Adverse Heavy Metal Conditions? -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Various Forms and Descriptions of Endemism -- 3 Where Are Endemic Species Found and Do They Occur in Metalliferous Areas? -- 4 Do Endemic Species Show a Higher or Lower Sensitivity for Adverse Environmental Factors? -- 5 Extra Protection for Endemic Species by Adapted Risk Assessment Procedures -- 6 Further Actions -- References -- Aflatoxin M1 in Africa: Exposure Assessment, Regulations, and Prevention Strategies - A Review -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Toxic Effects of AFM1 -- 3 AFM1 in Milk and Dairy Products -- 3.1 North Africa -- 3.2 East Africa -- 3.3 West Africa -- 3.4 Central Africa -- 3.5 Southern Africa -- 4 AFM1 in Human Biological Fluids: Breast Milk, Serum, and Urine.
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4.1 North Africa -- 4.2 Eastern Africa -- 4.3 West Africa -- 4.4 Central Africa -- 4.5 Southern Africa -- 5 Exposure Level Estimates in Africa -- 5.1 Exposure Through Milk Intake -- 5.2 Exposure Through Breast Milk and Urine Bio-Monitoring -- 6 Detoxification Strategies of AFM1 -- 7 AFM1 Regulations in Africa -- 8 Conclusion and Recommendations -- References -- In Vivo and In Vitro Toxicity Testing of Cyanobacterial Toxins: A Mini-Review -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Radionuclide Recovery In Vivo -- 2.1 Toxicity of Microcystin-LR In Vivo -- 2.2 Toxicity of Cylindrospermopsins In Vivo -- 3 Immunochemistry -- 3.1 Toxicity of Microcystin In Vivo -- 3.2 Toxicity of Cylindrospermopsins In Vivo -- 4 Daphnia Magna Test -- 4.1 Toxicity of Microcystin In Vivo -- 4.2 Toxicity of Anatoxin-a In Vivo -- 5 Artemia Salina Assay -- 5.1 Toxicity of Cylindrospermopsins In Vivo -- 5.2 Toxicity of Anatoxin-a In Vivo -- 5.3 Toxicity of Microcystin In Vivo -- 5.4 Toxicity of Saxitoxin In Vivo -- 6 Micronucleus Assay -- 6.1 Toxicity of Microcystin-LR In Vivo -- 6.2 Toxicity of Cylindrospermopsins In Vitro -- 6.3 Toxicity of Nodularin In Vivo -- 7 Cytotoxicity (Neutral Red) Assay -- 7.1 Toxicity of Microcystin In Vitro -- 7.2 Toxicity Detection of Cylindrospermopsins In Vivo and In Vitro -- 8 Comet Assay -- 8.1 Toxicity of Microcystin In Vivo -- 8.2 Toxicity of Cylindrospermopsins In Vitro and In Vivo -- 9 Annexin V-FITC Assay (Fluorescein Isothiocyanate Labeled Annexin V) -- 9.1 Toxicity of Cylindrospermopsins In Vitro -- 9.2 Toxicity of Microcystin and Anatoxin-a In Vitro -- 9.3 Toxicity of Nodularin In Vitro -- 10 MTT Assay -- 10.1 Toxicity of Cylindrospermopsins In Vivo -- 10.2 Toxicity of Cylindrospermopsins, Microcystins, and Anatoxin-a In Vitro -- 10.3 Toxicity of Microcystin-LR In Vitro -- 11 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).
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11.1 Toxicity of Microcystins and Nodularin In Vivo and In Vitro -- 11.2 Toxicity of Saxitoxins In Vitro -- 12 Protein Phosphatase Inhibition Assay (PPIA) -- 12.1 Identification of Microcystins and Nodularins Through PPIA In Vitro Assays -- 13 Conclusion -- References -- Comprehensive Review of Cadmium Toxicity Mechanisms in Male Reproduction and Therapeutic Strategies -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Cd Toxicity on Male Reproduction -- 2.1 Animal Experiments -- 2.2 Clinical or Epidemiological Studies -- 2.3 Relevance of Studies in Animals to Human Exposure and Potential Risks -- 3 Cd Toxicity on Offspring -- 4 Mechanism of Cd Damage on Male Reproductive System -- 4.1 Activation of Oxidative Stress -- 4.2 Induction of Gonad Inflammation -- 4.3 Impairment of Endocrine System -- 4.4 Competition with Essential Trace Elements -- 4.5 Changes in Epigenetics -- 5 Potential Therapeutic Strategies -- 5.1 Inhibition of Oxidative Stress -- 5.2 Anti-Gonad Inflammation -- 5.3 Recovery of Endocrine System -- 5.4 Supplementation with Essential Trace Elements -- 6 Conclusion and Recommendations -- References -- Micronuclei in Fish Erythrocytes as Genotoxic Biomarkers of Water Pollution: An Overview -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Micronucleus Test -- 3 Fish Species -- 4 Experimental Conditions -- 4.1 Catching of Wild Fish in Polluted Waters -- 4.2 In Situ Exposure of Caged Fish in Polluted Waters -- 4.3 Laboratory Exposure of Fish to Sampled Polluted Waters -- 5 Results of the Studies -- 6 Conclusions -- References.
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