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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Berlin/Boston :Walter de Gruyter GmbH,
    Keywords: Electronic books.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: 1 online resource (220 pages)
    Edition: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9783110879476
    DDC: 579.342
    Language: English
    Note: Intro -- Introduction -- Part 1: A Short History of the lac System from its Beginning to 1978 -- 1.1 From Noah to Pasteur: Adaptation in Yeast -- 1.2 Adaptation in Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli -- 1.3 Mutants in the lac System of Escherichia coli -- 1.4 Inducers of the lac System and the Discovery of Permease -- 1.5 Negative Control through Repressor -- 1.6 Further Evidence for Negative Control through Repressor -- 1.7 The Triumph of the Jacob-Monod Theory -- 1.8 Minor Defects in the Jacob-Monod Theory -- 1.9 Isolation of the Lac and λ CI Repressors -- 1.10 Putting the lac Genes on Phage φ80 or λ -- 1.11 Lac and λ CI Repressors Bind to their Operator DNAs -- 1.12 Making Grams of Lac Repressor to Determine its Sequence -- 1.13 Mutations in lacI Suggest a Modular Structure of Repressor -- 1.14 Miller's Analysis of the I Gene: Climbing Mount Everest -- 1.15 Positive Control through the CAP Protein -- 1.16 Isolation and Sequence of lac Operator -- 1.17 Chemical DNA Sequencing -- 1.18 Steric Hindrance is the Mechanism of Repression -- 1.19 Chemical Synthesis of lac Operator DNA -- 1.20 Lac Repressor-Operator Complex Binds to Nitrocellulose -- 1.21 Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis of Protein-DNA Complexes -- 1.22 Fusion of and Complementation within the lacZ Gene -- 1.23 Isolation of Lac Permease -- 1.24 The End of an Era -- Part 2: Misinterpretation -- 2.1 The Interpretation of Experiments is Sometimes Wrong -- 2.2 Adaptation Explained by Self-Replicating Genes -- 2.3 The Kinetics of Adaptation -- 2.4 Lac Repressor is RNA -- 2.5 Operator is RNA or Protein -- 2.6 Isolation of Lac Repressor -- 2.7 Isolation of Lac Permease and Arg Repressor -- 2.8 Genetic Proof that lac Operator is Dyadic -- 2.9 The Core of Lac Repressor Binds to lac Operator -- 2.10 Lac Repressor Uses ß-Sheet to Recognize lac Operator. , 2.11 A π-Helix Binds to a Hairpin Loop of lac Operator -- 2.12 Prediction of the Sequence of lac Operator -- 2.13 The Kinetics of lac Repressor-Operator Interaction -- 2.14 Lac Repressor Bound to O2 Acts as an Efficient Road Block -- 2.15 Auxiliary Operators Can be Disregarded in Repression -- 2.16 CAP Activates Transcription like λ CI Repressor -- 2.17 In the Pitfall of Symmetry -- 2.18 The CAP-DNA Complex: Two Propositions -- 2.19 The Adenine of Cyclic AMP Binds to DNA -- 2.20 The Structure of ß-Galactosidase -- 2.21 From Lamarck to Cairns -- 2.22 DNA Sequence Analysis: Not in this Century! -- 2.23 Protein Splicing -- 2.24 OI-Repressor-O2 Loops -- Part 3: The lac Operon, a Paradigm of Beauty and Efficiency -- 3.1 The New Perspective -- 3.2 Some Numbers and Concepts -- 3.3 Activation of the lac Promoter by CAP Protein -- 3.4 Repression of the lac Promoter by Lac Repressor -- 3.5 ß-Galactosidase, Lac Permease and Transacetylase -- 3.6 The lac System as a Tool -- 3.7 What Lesson can be Learned from the lac System? -- 3.8 Outlook -- Authors Index -- Subject Index.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Trp repressor ; trp operator ; Helix-turn-helix motif ; Protein-DNA recognition ; Escherichia coli K-12
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We constructed mutants of the Trp repressor from Escherichia coli K-12 with all possible single amino acid exchanges at positions 79 and 80 (residues 1 and 2 of the recognition helix). We tested these mutants in vivo by measuring the repression of synthesis of β-galactosidase with symmetric variants of α- and β-centered trp operators, which replace the lac operator in a synthetic lac system. The Trp repressor carrying a substitution of isoleucine 79 by lysine, showed a marked specificity change with respect to base pair 7 of the α-centered trp operator. Gel retardation experiments confirmed this result. Trp repressor mutant IR79 specifically recognizes a trp operator variant with substitutions in positions 7 and 8. Another mutant, with glycine in position 79, exhibited loss of contact at base pair 7. We speculate that the side chain of Ile79 interacts with the AT base pairs 7 and 8 of the α-centered trp operator, possibly with the methyl groups of thymines. Replacement of thymine in position 7 or 8 by uracil confirms the involvement of the methyl group of thymine 8 in repressor binding. Several Trp repressor mutants in position 80 (i.e. AI80, AL80, AM80 and AP80) broaden the specificity of the Trp repressor for α-centered trp operator variants with exchanges in positions 3, 4 and 5.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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