Note: SURGICAL ANATOMY OF THE HAND AND UPPER EXTREMITY -- CONTENTS -- CONTRIBUTING AUTHORS -- FOREWORD -- PREFACE -- SECTION I SYSTEMS ANATOMY -- SKELETAL ANATOMY -- MUSCLE ANATOMY -- APPENDIX 2.1. MUSCLES OF THE HAND AND FOREARM AND ARM: ORIGIN, INSERTION, ACTION,INNERVATION -- APPENDIX 2.2. MUSCLE COMPARTMENTS AND FASCIAL SPACES OF THEUPPER EXTREMITY -- PPENDIX 2.3. HUMAN FOREARM MUSCLE DIFFERENCE INDEX VALUES: A COMPARISON OF ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES OF SELECTEDSKELETAL MUSCLES OF THE UPPER EXTREMITY -- NERVE ANATOMY -- VASCULAR SYSTEMS -- SECTION II: REGIONAL ANATOMY -- ARM -- ELBOW -- FOREARM -- PART 1: FLEXOR FOREARM -- PART 2: EXTENSOR FOREARM -- WRIST -- HAND -- PART 1: PALMAR HAND -- PART 2: DORSAL HAND -- ANATOMIC SIGNS, SYNDROMES, TESTS, AND EPONYMS -- SUBJECT INDEX.

Note: Cover -- Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- Chapter 1. Comparing the Properties of Neuronal Culture Systems: A Shopping Guide for the Cell Biologist -- I. Introduction -- II. Approaching Experimental Questions Using Neurons -- III. Choosing a Neuronal Culture System -- IV. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 2. Growing and Working with Peripheral Neurons -- I. Introduction -- II. Methods -- III. Cultures -- References -- Chapter 3. Dissection and Culturing of Chick Ciliary Ganglion Neurons: A System Well Suited to Synaptic Study -- I. General Introduction -- II. Materials -- III. Methods -- IV. Variations on Dissection, Dissociation, and Culturing Themes -- V. Concluding Comments -- References -- Chapter 4. The Culture of Chick Forebrain Neurons -- I. Introduction -- II. Growth and Development Characteristics -- III. Isolation of Single Chick Forebrain Neurons -- IV. Culture Conditions for Chick Forebrain Neurons -- References -- Chapter 5. Growing and Working with Spinal Motor Neurons -- I. Introduction -- II. Incubation of Fertilized Chicken Eggs -- III. Preparation of Chick Embryo -- IV. Dissection of Intact Spinal Cords and Isolation of Ventral Halves -- V. Enzymatic and Mechanical Dissociation of Intact Spinal Cords or Ventral Halves -- VI. Plating Motor Neurons Spinal Cord Neurons -- VII. Motor Neuron Enrichment by Density Gradient Centrifugation -- VIII. Experimental Use of Motor Neuron Cultures and Spinal Cord Cultures -- IX. Preparation of Solutions, Culture Dishes, Media, and Media Supplements -- References -- Chapter 6. Avian Purkinje Neuronal Cultures: Extrinsic Control of Morphology by Cell Type and Glutamate -- I. Introduction -- II. Methods and Systems -- III. Applications -- References -- Chapter 7. Culturing Hippocampal and Cortical Neurons -- I. Introduction -- II. Acquisition of Hippocampal and Cortical Neurons. , III. Short-Term Culture Methods -- IV. Long-Term Culture Methods -- V. Summary -- References -- Chapter 8. Working with Xenopus Spinal Neurons in Live Cell Culture -- I. Introduction -- II. Neuronal Labeling -- III. Culturing Xenopus Spinal Neurons -- IV. Live Cell Imaging and Manipulations -- V. Summary -- References -- Chapter 9. Culturing Neurons from the Snail Helisoma -- I. Introduction -- II. Maintaining Animals -- III. Initial Dissection -- IV. Culturing Nerve Cells -- References -- Chapter 10. The Tibial-1 Pioneer Pathway. An in Vivo Model for Neuronal Outgrowth and Guidance -- I. Introduction -- II. Development of the Tibial-1 (Ti1) Pathway -- III. Guidance of Ti1 Axons -- IV. Analysis of Axon Guidance Mechanisms in Grasshopper Procedures -- V. Laboratory Protocols -- References -- Chapter 11. Techniques to Dissect Cellular and Subcellular Function in the Drosophila Nervous System -- I. Introduction -- II. Background Sources of Information -- III. Drosophila as a Genetic Model System for Molecular Neurobiology -- IV. Biochemistry of the Drosophila Nervous System -- V. Cell Biology Techniques in the Drosophila Nervous System -- VI. Functional Analysis Techniques in the Drosophila Nervous System -- VII. Drosophila Electrophysiology -- References -- Chapter 12. PC12 Cells as a Model for Studies of Regulated Secretion in Neuronal and Endocrine Cells -- I. Introduction -- II. Propagation and Culture of PC12 Cells -- III. Studying Secretion Using PC12 Cells -- IV. Immunocytochemical Detection of Proteins in Intact and Permeable PC12 Cells -- References -- Chapter 13. B35 Neuroblastoma Cells: An Easily Transfected, Cultured Cell Model of Central Nervous System Neurons -- I. Introduction -- II. Applications Utilizing B35 and B50 Cells -- III. Protocols -- References -- Chapter 14. Live-Cell Imaging of Slow Axonal Transport in Cultured Neurons. , I. Introduction -- II. Culturing Neurons from Superior Cervical Ganglia -- III. Transfecting Neurons by Nuclear Injection -- IV. Injecting Neurons with Fluorescent Proteins -- V. Observing Movement -- VI. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 15. Making Proteins into Drugs: Assisted Delivery of Proteins and Peptides into Living Neurons -- I. Introduction -- II. Principles -- III. Materials -- IV. Methods -- V. Conclusions and Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 16. Tranfection of Primary Central and Peripheral Nervous System Neurons by Electroporation -- I. Introduction -- II. Electroporation Theory and Principles -- III. Electroporation Protocol for Chick Primary Neurons -- IV. Rationale for Setting Electroporation Parameters -- V. Discussion -- References -- Chapter 17. Biolistic Transfection -- I. Introduction -- II. Parameters that Affect Success of the Method -- III. Factors that May Affect Performance but Have Not Been Tested -- IV. Future Developments or Improvements -- V. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 18. Expression of Transgenes in Primary Neurons from Chick Peripheral and Central Nervous Systems by Retroviral Infection of Early Embryos -- I. Introduction -- II. Building Retroviral Vectors and Growing Functional Virus -- III. Infecting Early Chick Embryos by Injection -- IV. Dissecting Embryos and Culturing Neurons -- V. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 19. Production and Use of Replication-Deficient Adenovirus for Transgene Expression in Neurons -- I. Introduction -- II. Preparing Adenoviral Expression Vectors -- III. Production of Adenovirus in HEK293 Cells -- IV. Purification and Storage of Adenovirus Stocks -- V. Titer Assays -- VI. Safety Issues -- VII. Infection of Primary Neurons -- VIII. Conclusions and Perspectives -- References -- Index -- Volume in Series.

Note: Intro -- The Volcanoes of Mars -- Copyright -- Contents -- About the authors -- Preface -- On the cover -- Chapter 1: Introduction: Welcome to Mars! -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. Learning about Mars -- 1.3. Geology -- 1.4. Volcanism -- 1.5. Plate tectonics -- 1.6. Samples from Mars -- 1.7. Chronology -- 1.8. Outline of the book -- References -- Chapter 2: Areography -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. Physiography -- 2.3. Background: Martian volcanoes -- 2.4. Geologic mapping of Martian volcanoes -- 2.5. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: The Tharsis Province -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Volcanic constructs -- 3.2.1. Summits -- 3.2.2. Flank morphology -- 3.3. Unique features of Olympus Mons -- 3.3.1. Basal escarpment -- 3.3.2. Aureole materials -- 3.3.3. Collapsed volcanoes -- 3.4. Central plains of Tharsis -- 3.4.1. Lava flows -- 3.4.2. Fissures and other vents -- 3.4.3. Dikes -- 3.5. Explosive volcanism? -- 3.6. The role of glaciation -- 3.6.1. Subglacial birth of Olympus Mons -- 3.6.2. Western fan deposits -- 3.6.3. Summit glaciers -- 3.7. The uniqueness of Tharsis -- 3.8. Tharsis as the source for SNC meteorites -- 3.9. Summary and conclusions -- References -- Chapter 4: The Elysium Province -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. Volcanic constructs -- 4.2.1. Elysium Mons -- 4.2.2. Hecates Tholus -- 4.2.3. Albor Tholus -- 4.3. Volcanic flows -- 4.4. The role of ice -- 4.5. Recent activity -- 4.6. Unanswered questions and future studies -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 5: The Circum-Hellas Province -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. Spacecraft exploration -- 5.2.1. Mariner 9 -- 5.2.2. Viking -- 5.3. Central volcanoes -- 5.3.1. Tyrrhenus Mons -- 5.3.2. Hadriacus Mons -- 5.3.3. Amphitrites and Peneus Paterae -- 5.3.4. Melae and Pityusa Paterae -- 5.4. Post-Viking geologic investigations -- 5.5. Volcanic history -- 5.6. Future research -- References. , Chapter 6: Syrtis Major and small highland volcanoes -- 6.1. Introduction -- 6.2. Regional geography and geology -- 6.3. Tectonic and volcanic history -- 6.4. Composition of Syrtis Major deposits -- 6.5. Exploration of Jezero crater -- 6.6. Small highland volcanoes -- 6.7. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 7: Medusae Fossae Formation and the northern lowlands -- 7.1. Introduction -- 7.2. Observations of MFF -- 7.3. Interpretations of MFF -- 7.4. Explosive eruptions on Mars -- 7.5. Recent studies of MFF -- 7.6. Apollinaris Mons -- 7.7. Volcanic explosions in the northern lowlands -- 7.8. Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 8: Igneous composition -- 8.1. Introduction -- 8.2. Why is composition important? -- 8.3. Composition at a distance (remote sensing) -- 8.4. Composition from the Martian surface (in situ) -- 8.5. Combining orbital and surface data -- 8.6. Martian meteorites -- 8.7. Synthesis -- 8.8. What does it all mean? -- References -- Chapter 9: Lava worlds: Cosmic cousins -- 9.1. Introduction -- 9.2. Earth -- 9.3. The Moon -- 9.4. Venus -- 9.5. Mercury -- 9.6. Io -- 9.7. Asteroids and silicate volcanism -- 9.8. Cryovolcanism -- 9.9. Summary -- References -- Chapter 10: What's next? -- 10.1. Introduction -- 10.2. InSight -- 10.3. Mars 2020 ``Perseverance´´ rover (NASA) -- 10.4. ExoMars 2022 rover (ESA) -- 10.5. Other near-term Mars missions -- 10.6. Mars Sample Return (MSR) -- 10.7. Humans to Mars ( eventually ) -- 10.8. The allure of Mars -- References -- Appendix -- USGS geologic maps of Mars including Martian volcanoes -- Small-scale geologic maps (Fig. A.1) -- Mariner 9 geologic maps (1:5,000,000-scale -- subset of full series) -- Tharsis lava flow maps (1:2,000,000-scale) -- Miscellaneous and large-scale maps -- New geologic maps of Martian volcanic regions (Fig. A.2) -- Index.

Note: Cover -- Contents -- Preface to Second Edition -- Preface to First Edition -- Symbols -- Chapter 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Scope of Micrometeorology -- 1.2 Micrometeorology versus Microclimatology -- 1.3 Importance and Applications of Micrometeorology -- Problems and Exercises -- Chapter 2. Energy Budget Near the Surface -- 2.1 Energy Fluxes at an Ideal Surface -- 2.2 Energy Balance Equations -- 2.3 Energy Budgets of Bare Surfaces -- 2.4 Energy Budgets of Canopies -- 2.5 Energy Budgets of Water Surfaces -- 2.6 Applications -- Problems and Exercises -- Chapter 3. Radiation Balance Near the Surface -- 3.1 Radiation Laws and Definitions -- 3.2 Shortwave Radiation -- 3.3 Longwave Radiation -- 3.4 Radiation Balance near the Surface -- 3.5 Observations of Radiation Balance -- 3.6 Radiative Flux Divergence -- 3.7 Applications -- Problems and Exercises -- Chapter 4. Soil Temperatures and Heat Transfer -- 4.1 Surface Temperature -- 4.2 Subsurface Temperatures -- 4.3 Thermal Properties of Soils -- 4.4 Theory of Soil Heat Transfer -- 4.5 Thermal Wave Propagation in Soils -- 4.6 Measurement and Parameterization of Ground Heat Flux -- 4.7 Applications -- Problems and Exercises -- Chapter 5. Air Temperature and Humidity in the PBL -- 5.1 Factors Influencing Air Temperature and Humidity -- 5.2 Basic Thermodynamic Relations and the Energy Equation -- 5.3 Local and Nonlocal Concepts of Static Stability -- 5.4 Mixed Layers, Mixing Layers and Inversions -- 5.5 Vertical Temperature and Humidity Profiles -- 5.6 Diurnal Variations -- 5.7 Applications -- Problems and Exercises -- Chapter 6. Wind Distribution in the PBL -- 6.1 Factors Influencing Wind Distribution -- 6.2 Geostrophic and Thermal Winds -- 6.3 Friction Effects on the Balance of Forces -- 6.4 Stability Effects on the PBL Winds -- 6.5 Observed Wind Profiles -- 6.6 Diurnal Variations -- 6.7 Applications. , Problems and Exercises -- Chapter 7 An Introduction to Viscous Flows -- 7.1 Inviscid and Viscous Flows -- 7.2 Laminar and Turbulent Flows -- 7.3 Navier-Stokes Equations of Motion -- 7.4 Laminar Plane-Parallel Flows -- 7.5 Laminar Ekman Layers -- 7.6 Developing Laminar Boundary Layers -- 7.7 Heat Transfer in Laminar Flows -- 7.8 Applications -- Problems and Exercises -- Chapter 8. Fundamentals of Turbulence -- 8.1 Instability of Flow and Transition to Turbulence -- 8.2 The Generation and Maintenance of Turbulence -- 8.3 General Characteristics of Turbulence -- 8.4 Mean and Fluctuating Variables -- 8.5 Variances and Turbulent Fluxes -- 8.6 Eddies and Scales of Motion -- 8.7 Fundamental Concepts, Hypotheses, and Theories -- 8.8 Applications -- Problems and Exercises -- Chapter 9. Models and Theories of Turbulence -- 9.1 Mathematical Models of Turbulent Flows -- 9.2 Gradient-transport Theories -- 9.3 Dimensional Analysis and Similarity Theories -- 9.4 Applications -- Problems and Exercises -- Chapter 10. Near-neutral Boundary Layers -- 10.1 Velocity-profile Laws -- 10.2 Surface Roughness Parameters -- 10.3 Surface Drag and Resistance Laws -- 10.4 Turbulence -- 10.5 Applications -- Problems and Exercises -- Chapter 11. Thermally Stratified Surface Layer -- 11.1 The Monin-Obukhov Similarity Theory -- 11.2 Empirical Forms of Similarity Functions -- 11.3 Wind and Temperature Profiles -- 11.4 Drag and Heat Transfer Relations -- 11.5 Methods of Determining Momentum and Heat Fluxes -- 11.6 Applications -- Problems and Exercises -- Chapter 12. Evaporation from Homogeneous Surfaces -- 12.1 The Process of Evaporation -- 12.2 Potential Evaporation and Evapotranspiration -- 12.3 Modified Monin-Obukhov Similarity Relations -- 12.4 Micrometeorological Methods of Determining Evaporation -- 12.5 Applications -- Problems and Exercises. , Chapter 13. Stratified Atmospheric Boundary Layers -- 13.1 Types of Atmospheric Boundary Layers -- 13.2 Similarity Theories of the PBL -- 13.3 Mathematical Models of the PBL -- 13.4 Parameterization of the PBL -- 13.5 Applications -- Problems and Exercises -- Chapter 14. Nonhomogeneous Boundary Layers -- 14.1 Types of Surface Inhomogeneities -- 14.2 Step Changes in Surface Roughness -- 14.3 Step Changes in Surface Temperature -- 14.4 Air Modifications over Water Surfaces -- 14.5 Air Modifications over Urban Areas -- 14.6 Building Wakes and Street Canyon Effects -- 14.7 Other Topographical Effects -- 14.8 Applications -- Problems and Exercises -- Chapter 15. Agricultural and Forest Micrometeorology -- 15.1 Flux-profile Relations above Plant Canopies -- 15.2 Radiation Balance within Plant Canopies -- 15.3 Wind Distribution in Plant Canopies -- 15.4 Temperature and Moisture Fields -- 15.5 Turbulence in and above Plant Canopies -- 15.6 Applications -- Problems and Exercises -- References -- Index.

Note: Intro -- ENZYME TECHNOLOGIES -- CONTENTS -- Contributors -- Preface -- PART A NEW APPROACHES TO FINDING AND MODIFYING ENZYMES -- 1 Functional Metagenomics as a Technique for the Discovery of Novel Enzymes and Natural Products -- 2 Directed Enzyme and Pathway Evolution -- 3 Combining Natural Biodiversity and Molecular-Directed Evolution to Develop New Industrial Biocatalysts and Drugs -- 4 Principles of Enzyme Optimization for the Rapid Creation of Industrial Biocatalysts -- PART B BIOCATALYTIC APPLICATIONS -- 5 Enzyme Catalysis in the Synthesis of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients -- 6 Enzymatic Processes for the Production of Pharmaceutical Intermediates -- 7 Novel Developments Employing Redox Enzymes: Old Enzymes in New Clothes -- PART C BIOSYNTHETIC APPLICATIONS -- 8 Drug Discovery and Development by Combinatorial Biosynthesis -- 9 Reprogramming Daptomycin and A54145 Biosynthesis to Produce Novel Lipopeptide Antibiotics -- 10 Pathway and Enzyme Engineering and Applications for Glycodiversification -- Index.

Note: Intro -- MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT -- DEDICATION -- CONTENTS -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Acronyms -- 1. Introduction -- Background -- Study Approach -- The First Leg: An Examination of BOD Loadings Before and After the CWA -- The Second Leg: An Examination of "Worst-Case" DO in Waterways Below Point Sources Before and After the CWA -- The Third Leg: Case Study Assessments of Water Quality -- The Target Audience for this Book -- References -- 2. An Examination of BOD Loadings Before and After the CWA -- A. History of Water Supply and Its Effects on Public Health -- Impacts on Water Supply Users and "The Great Sanitary Awakening" -- Impacts on Water Resources Users -- B. Evolution of Wastewater Treatment -- Primary Treatment -- Dissolved Oxygen as an Indicator of Water Quality -- Secondary Treatment -- Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) as a Measure of Organic Wasteload Strength -- C. The Federal Role in Implementing Secondary Treatment in the Nation's POTWs -- The Federal Role in Secondary Treatment Before the Clean Water Act -- The Federal Role in Secondary Treatment After the Clean Water Act -- D. Nationwide Trends in BOD Loading from POTWs -- Types of BOD Reported in this Trends Analysis -- Trends in POTW Inventory -- Trends in Population and Influent Wastewater Flow to POTWs -- Trends in Influent BOD Loading to POTWs -- Trends in Effluent BOD Loading from POTWs -- Trends in BOD Removal Efficiency -- Future Trends in BOD Effluent Loading -- E. BOD(5) Loadings from Point and Nonpoint Sources -- Pollutant Loading from Sources Other than POTWs -- BOD(5) Loads from the National Water Pollution Control Assessment Model (NWPCAM) -- Comparison of Point and Nonpoint Sources of BOD(5) at the National Level -- F. Investment Costs for Water Pollution Control Infrastructure -- The Construction Grants Program. , Other Investment Costs for Water Pollution Control Infrastructure -- Future Infrastructure Needs -- G. Summary, Conclusions, and Future Trends -- Key Points of the Background Sections -- Key Points of the BOD Loading Analysis Sections -- Key Points of the Investment Costs Section -- Conclusions and Future Trends -- References -- 3. An Examination of "Worst-Case" DO in Waterways Below Point Sources Before and After the CWA -- A. Background -- Sources of DO Data -- "Worst Case" Conditions as a Screening Tool -- The Role of Spatial Scale in this Analysis -- B. Data Mining -- Step 1-Data Selection Rules -- Step 2-Data Aggregation Rules from a Temporal Perspective -- Step 3-Calculation of the Worst-Case DO Summary Statistic Rules -- Step 4-Spatial Assessment Rules -- Step 5-Data Aggregation Rules from a Spatial Perspective -- Step 6-Development of the Paired Data Sets (at Each Spatial Scale) -- C. Comparison of Worst-Case DO in Waterways Below Point Source Discharges Before and After the CWA at Three Spatial Scales -- Before and After DO at Reach Scale -- Before and After DO at Catalog Unit Scale -- Comparison of the Change in Signal Between the Reach and Catalog Unit Scales Using the Upper White River Basin (Indiana) as an Example -- Before and After DO at Major River Basin Scale -- D. Summary and Conclusions -- Key Points of the Background Section -- Key Points of the Data Mining Section -- Key Points of the Comparison Analysis Section -- Conclusions -- References -- 4. Case Study Assessments of Water Quality -- A. Background -- B. Selection of Case Study Waterways -- C. Before and After CWA -- D. Policy Scenarios for Municipal Effluent Discharges -- E. Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- 5. Connecticut River Case Study -- Background -- Physical Setting and Hydrology -- Population, Water, and Land Use Trends -- Historical Water Quality Issues. , Legislative and Regulatory History -- Impacts of Wastewater Treatment -- Pollutant Loading and Water Quality Trends -- Recreational and Living Resources Trends -- Summary and Conclusions -- References -- 6. Hudson-Raritan Estuary Case Study -- Background -- Physical Setting and Hydrology -- Population, Water, and Land Use Trends -- Historical Water Quality Issues -- Legislative and Regulatory History -- Impacts of Wastewater Treatment -- Pollutant Loading and Water Quality Trends -- Recreational and Living Resources Trends -- Summary and Conclusions -- References -- 7. Delaware Estuary Case Study -- Physical Setting and Hydrology -- Population, Water, and Land Use Trends -- Historical Water Quality Issues -- Legislative and Regulatory History -- Impacts of Wastewater Treatment -- Pollutant Loading and Water Quality Trends -- Evaluation of Water Quality Benefits Following Treatment Plant Upgrade -- Recreational and Living Resources Trends -- Summary and Conclusions -- References -- 8. Potomac Estuary Case Study -- Physical Setting and Hydrology -- Population, Water, and Land Use Trends -- Historical Water Quality Issues -- Legislative and Regulatory History -- Impacts of Wastewater Treatment -- Pollutant Loading and Water Quality Trends -- Evaluation of Water Quality Benefits Following Treatment Plant Upgrades -- Recreational and Living Resources Trends -- Summary and Conclusions -- References -- 9. James River Estuary Case Study -- Physical Setting and Hydrology -- Population Trends -- Historical Water Quality Issues -- Legislative and Regulatory History -- Impacts of Wastewater Treatment -- Pollutant Loading and Water Quality Trends -- Evaluation of Water Quality Benefits Following Treatment Plant Upgrades -- Recreational and Living Resources Trends -- Summary and Conclusions -- References -- 10. Upper Chattahoochee River Case Study. , Physical Setting and Hydrology -- Population, Water, and Land Use Trends -- Historical Water Quality Issues -- Legislative and Regulatory History -- Impacts of Wastewater Treatment -- Pollutant Loading and Water Quality Trends -- Recreational and Living Resources Trends -- Summary and Conclusions -- References -- 11. Ohio River Case Study -- Physical Setting and Hydrology -- Population, Water, and Land Use Trends -- Historical Water Quality Issues -- Legislative and Regulatory History -- Impacts of Wastewater Treatment -- Pollutant Loading and Water Quality Trends -- Recreational and Living Resources Trends -- Summary and Conclusions -- References -- 12. Upper Mississippi River Case Study -- Physical Setting and Hydrology -- Population, Water, and Land Use Trends -- Historical Water Quality Issues -- Legislative and Regulatory History -- Impacts of Wastewater Treatment -- Pollutant Loading and Water Quality Trends -- Evaluation of Water Quality Benefits Following Treatment Plant Upgrades -- Recreational and Living Resources Trends -- Summary and Conclusions -- References -- 13. Willamette River Case Study -- Physical Setting and Hydrology -- Population, Water, and Land Use Trends -- Historical Water Quality Issues -- Legislative and Regulatory History -- Impacts of Wastewater Treatment -- Pollutant Loading and Water Quality Trends -- Recreational and Living Resources Trends -- Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Appendix A. United States Waterways Identified with Water Pollution Problems Before the 1972 Clean Water Act -- Appendix B. National Municipal Wastewater Inventory and Infrastructure, 1940-2016 -- Appendix C. National Public and Private Sector Investment in Water Pollution Control -- Appendix D. Before and After CWA Changes in Tenth Percentile Dissolved Oxygen and Ninetieth Percentile BOD(5) at the Catalog Unit Level. , Appendix E. Before and After CWA Changes in Tenth Percentile Dissolved Oxygen at the RF1 Reach Level -- Appendix F. Hydrologic Conditions of the 48 Contiguous States, Summer (July-September) from 1961 through 1995 -- Appendix G. Municipal and Industrial Wastewater Loads by Major River Basin Before and After the Clean Water Act: 1950, 1973, and ca. 1995 -- Appendix H. Municipal and Industrial Water Withdrawals by Major River Basin: 1940-1995 -- Glossary -- Index.

Note: Front Cover -- Avian Biology -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Dedication -- LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS -- PREFACE -- NOTE ON TAXONOMY -- Chapter 1. Classification of Birds -- I. Introduction -- II. Practical Systematics -- III. Some Problems in the Arrangement of Major Groups -- IV. A Classification of Birds -- V. Some Fossils of Uncertain Taxonomic Position -- References -- Chapter 2. Origin and Evolution of Birds -- I. Introduction -- II. Some Reptilian Predecessors of Birds -- III. The Origin of Birds -- IV. Evolution during the Cretaceous -- V. The Tertiary Expansion of Birds -- VI. Evolution in the Quaternary -- VII. Rate of Evolution -- References -- Chapter 3. Systematics and Speciation in Birds -- I. Introduction and Analytic Methods -- II. Intraspecific Variation -- III. Species and Speciation -- IV. Generic Level -- V. The Future of Avian Systematics -- References -- Chapter 4. Adaptive Radiation of Birds -- I. Introduction -- II. Problems in Size: The Surface-Volume Ratio -- III. Locomotor Adaptations -- IV. Adaptation for Feeding -- V. Adaptive Radiation within Families and Orders of Birds -- References -- Chapter 5. Patterns of Terrestrial Bird Communities -- I. Introduction -- II. Spatial and Temporal Organization -- III. Interspecies Associations -- IV. Birds as Part of α Larger Community. Energy and Density of Individuals -- V. Prospect -- References -- Chapter 6. Sea Bird Ecology and the Marine Environment -- I. Introduction -- II. Feeding -- III. The Marine Environment -- IV. Breeding Seasons, Movements, and Molt -- V. Breeding Ecology -- VI. Life and Death of Seα Birds -- VII. Regulation of Seα Bird Numbers -- VIII. Interspecific Relations and Some Evolutionαry Considerations -- References -- Chapter 7. Biology of Desert Birds -- I. Introduction -- II. The Nature of Desert Areαs -- III. The Occurrence of Deserts. , IV. The Desert Avifaunα -- V. Reproduction -- VI. Nomadism -- VII. Physiological Adaptations -- References -- Chapter 8. Ecological Aspects of Periodic Reproduction -- I. Introduction -- II. The Breeding Seasons of Birds -- III. Ultimate Control of Reproduction -- IV. Proximate Control of Reproduction -- V. The Social Factor in Reproduction -- VI. Phylogenetic Aspects of Breeding Seasons -- VII. Migration in Relation to Reproduction -- References -- Chapter 9. Population Dynamics -- I. Definition -- II. Bird Numbers -- III. Population Fluctuations -- IV. Clutch Size -- V. Territory -- VI. Mortality -- References -- Chapter 10. Ecological Aspects of Reproduction -- Symbols -- I. Introduction -- II. Demographic Considerations -- II. Variations in Reproductive Parameters -- IV. Reproductive Strategy -- V. Breeding Success -- VI. Adult Survivorship -- VII. Geographic Variation in Reproductive Strategies -- References -- Chapter 11. Ecological Aspects of Behavior -- I. Introduction -- II. Foraging Behavior -- III. Habitat Selection and Spacing -- IV. Mating Systems -- V. Flocking Behavior -- References -- AUTHOR INDEX -- INDEX TO BIRD NAMES -- SUBJECT INDEX.

Note: Cell-Free Protein Expression -- Copyright -- Contents -- Foreward -- Part I Template Generation for Cell-Free Protein Expression Systems I -- Chapter 1 Generation of Linear Expression Elements by PCR 1 -- Chapter 2 Rapid Protein Engineering by Expression-PCR 2 -- Chapter 3 Exprossion-PCR: from Gene Pools to Purified Proteins Within 1 Day 3 -- Chapter 4 High-Throughput Expression PCR Used to Systematically Investigate Regulation of Translation Initiation in an E. coli Cell-Free Expression System 4 -- Chapter 5 Reduction of Primer-Dimer Formation during Generation of Expression Fragments by PCR 5 -- Part II Labeling Proteins in Cell-Free Protein Expression Systems for Structural and Functional Analysis II -- Chapter 6 Isotope Labeling of Proteins for NMR Spectroscopy Using Cell-Free Methods 6 -- Chapter 7 Production of a Specifically Labeled Protein in mg Quantities for NMR Analysis 7 -- Chapter 8 In Situ Mono-Biotinylation of Cell-Free Expressed Proteins Using the AviTag Technology 8 -- Chapter 9 Rapid Generation of Protein Variants and Subsequent Analysis by Surface Plasmon Resonace 9 -- Chapter 10 Incorporation of Fluorescence Labels into Cell-Free Produced Proteins 10 -- Chapter 11 Expression of 'Tailor-Made' Proteins via Incorporation of Synthetic Amino Acids by Using Cell-Free Protein Synthesis 11 -- Part III Screening and Increasing Soluble Expression of Recombinant Proteins III -- Chapter 12 Application of Cell-free Expression Systems to Proteomic Studies 12 -- Chapter 13 Screening and Increasing Soluble Expression of Recombinant Proteins using the RTS 100 E. coli HY in a 96-Well Format 13 -- Chapter 14 In Vitro Expression of Proteins with Disulfide Bridges and its Application for a High-Throughput Screening System 14 -- Chapter 15 Cell-Free Expression of Proteins Containing Multiple Disulfide Bonds 15. , Chapter 16 Cell-Free Synthesis of Membrane Proteins on a Preparative Scale 16 -- Part IV Expression of Functionally Active Proteins and Complexes IV -- Chapter 17 Using Maltose-Binding Protein Fragment Complementation to Probe Protein-Protein Interactions by Co Expression in the RTS System 17 -- Chapter 18 In Vitro Translation of KRAB Zinc Finger Transcriptional Repressor Proteins and Their Interaction with Their TIF β Co-Repressor 18 -- Chapter 19 Optimization of Cell-Free Expression of FAD-Dependent D-Amino Acid Oxidase 19 -- Chapter 20 Expression of Recombinant Chemokine-Like Factor 1 with a Cell-Free Protein Biosynthesis System 20 -- Chapter 21 Recombinant Expression of Functional Active MIA (Melanoma Inhibitory Activity) Protein for Mutation Analysis Using the RTS System 21 -- Chapter 22 Cell-Free Expression of the Heterodimeric Protein Penicillin G Amidase in a Functionally Active Form 22 -- Chapter 23 Cell-Free Expression of the His-Tagged Recombinant Prolactin-Like Placenta Protein E Using the RTS 500 System 23 -- Part V Eukaryotic Cell-Free Protein Expressions Systems V -- Chapter 24 Complementary Interaction Between the Central Domain of 18S rRNA and the 5' Untranslated Region of mRNA Enhances Translation Efficiency in Plants 24 -- Chapter 25 In Vitro Translation in an Insect-Based Cell-Free System 25 -- Subject Index.

Note: Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Original Title Page -- Original Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- LIST OF TABLES -- LIST OF FIGURES -- Foreword -- Preface -- List of Contributors -- Chapter 1. Overview -- Chapter 2. The Chlorofluorocarbon Problem -- Chapter 3. A Global View of CFC Sources and Policies to Reduce Emissions -- Chapter 4. The Methodology of Benefit-Cost Analysis with Particular Reference to the CFC Problem -- Chapter 5. Uncertainty, Information, and Benefit-Cost Evaluation of CFC Management -- Chapter 6. Costs and Benefits of Chlorofluorocarbon Control -- Chapter 7. Pollution, Climate Change, and the Consequent Economic Cost Concerning Agricultural Production -- Chapter 8. Climate, Energy Use, and Wages -- Chapter 9. Impacts of Ozone Reduction on National and International Commercial Fisheries -- Chapter 10. Indivisibilities and Information Costs: A Conceptual Framework for Analysis of Policy on CFC Emissions, and for Similar Problems -- Chapter 11. Controlling Refrigerant Uses of Chlorofluorocarbons -- Chapter 12. CFC Emissions Control in Perspective -- Chapter 13. Environmental Regulation, Factor Mobility and International Trade -- Chapter 14. The Effectiveness of Effluent Charges Where "Industry" Structure Varies -- Chapter 15. Environmental Standards and the Management of CFC Emissions.