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  • Disseminated intravascular coagulation  (3)
  • Rotation of drugs  (2)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Respiratory distress syndrome ; Disseminated intravascular coagulation ; Heparin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Forty newborns with severe shock and disseminated intravascular coagulation were randomized for treatment with heparin or placebo. Mortality was equal in both groups. The heparin group required significantly shorter periods of artificial ventilation. The coagulation system improved faster, and the coagulation pattern showed normal values in the treatment group. Due to the low number of cases, these differences could not be statistically confirmed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 144 (1985), S. 191-194 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Antithrombin III ; Newborns ; Disseminated intravascular coagulation ; Anticoagulant therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In ten newborns with severe alteration of the coagulation system due to DIC, AT III concentrate was infused continuously after prior activation with heparin. The rise in AT III activity showed a great variability among the infants and for one child during the course of the therapy. The mean rise of AT III activity by 40 U/kg per day heparin was 8.7%. If AT III concentrate (40 U/kg per day) was activated with 200 U/kg per day heparin, excessive anticoagulatory effect was only observed in one child. In four children who had failed to respond to prior heparin therapy, improvement of the coagulation status was achieved within 2 days.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia ; Childhood ; Combination chemotherapy ; Rotation of drugs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A frequent change of drug combinations may circumvent drug resistance in the treatment of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). In study COALL 85/89 201 children with high-risk ALL were randomized to receive over a period of 8 months rotational chemotherapy with six drug combinations given either in slow rotation (SR) (each combination given twice in succession) or in rapid rotation (RR) (cach combination given once with a repetition of the drug combinations). Treatment of central nervous system leukaemia consisted of cranial irradiation and intrathecal methotrexate. Both SR and RR treatment groups were then given continuation chemotherapy of oral 6-mercaptopurine and methotrexate until 2 years after the date of diagnosis. The 9-year eventfree survival (EFS) rate for the whole group is 69%±3%, and the survival rate 75%±3% at a median follow up of 5.8 years. Failure to achieve remission at day 28 was the most important prognostic factor (EFS 12%±7% vs. 75%±3% in the remission group). In the RR group, 11/100 patients were not in remission at day 28 opposed to 7/101 patients in the SR group. Children aged 〈1 year (6/6 relapses) or aged 〉=10 years had a worse prognosis (EFS 64%±5% vs. 77%±4% in patients 1–10 years old). After 5 years EFS was inferior in the RR group attributable to a significantly higher relapse rate in children with a WBC〉=100/nl. The EFS at 9 years for all patients, however, is similar in both groups (SR 72%±5% vs. RR 67±5%).
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Acute lymphoblastic ; leukaemia ; Childhood ; Combination chemotherapy ; Rotation of drugs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A frequent change of drug combinations may circumvent drug resistance in the treatment of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). In study COALL 85/89 201 children with high-risk ALL were randomized to receive over a period of 8 months rotational chemotherapy with six drug combinations given either in slow rotation (SR) (each combination given twice in succession) or in rapid rotation (RR) (each combination given once with a repetition of the drug combinations). Treatment of central nervous system leukaemia consisted of cranial irradiation and intrathecal methotrexate. Both SR and RR treatment groups were then given continuation chemotherapy of oral 6-mercaptopurine and methotrexate until 2 years after the date of diagnosis. The 9-year event-free survival (EFS) rate for the whole group is 69% ± 3%, and the survival rate 75% ± 3% at a median follow up of 5.8 years. Failure to achieve remission at day 28 was the most important prognostic factor (EFS 12% ± 7% vs. 75% ± 3% in the remission group). In the RR group, 11/100 patients were not in remission at day 28 opposed to 7/101 patients in the SR group. Children aged 〈 1 year (6/6 relapses) or aged ^ 10 years had a worse prognosis (EFS 64% ± 5% vs. 77% ± 4% in patients 1–10 years old). After 5 years EFS was inferior in the RR group attributable to a significantly higher relapse rate in children with a WBC ^ 100/nl. The EFS at 9 years for all patients, however, is similar in both groups (SR 72% ± 5% vs. RR 67 ± 5%). Conclusion The COALL 85/89 treatment protocol with early intensive therapy and rotation of different drug combinations offers long-term disease-free survival for children with high-risk ALL. A continuous 4-week exposure to one drug combination may be necessary to achieve optimal results, especially in children with a high leukaemic cell burden.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 57 (1979), S. 81-86 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Blutgerinnung bei Neugeborenen ; Vitamin K-Mangel ; Disseminierte intravasale Gerinnung ; Blood coagulation in newborns ; Vitamin K deficiency ; Disseminated intravascular coagulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In the newborn period low vitamin K dependent coagulation factors are frequently found in connection with normal global tests. To investigate this peculiar coagulation status studies were performed in 54 newborns who were divided into three groups according to their clinical course and the existence of bleeding. The results are compared to coagulation tests used for the diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). An early sign of an increased turnover of coagulation factors is a difference in the fibrinogen concentration determined by an immunological technique and a coagulation test which is sensible to fibrin(ogen)-degradation-products (FDP's). At this stage factor II, V and VII levels are still within the normal range suggesting an increased production. In a more severe disturbance of the clotting system the increased turnover is no longer compensated by an increased production, and platelets and later on factor II and VII levels are lowered. At this early stage of DIC the vitamin K dependent factors are correlated to the factors I and V. Finally factors I and V drop as well. This stage in most infants is accompanied by the clinical symptom of bleeding. The clotting tests results are well correlated to the severity of the disease.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei Neugeborenen sind trotz normaler Globaltests die Vitamin K abhängigen Gerinnungsfaktoren häufig vermindert. Um diesen Befund näher zu untersuchen, wurden Gerinnungstests bei 54 Neugeborenen durchgeführt, die je nach ihrem klinischen Zustand und dem Auftreten von Blutungen in 3 Gruppen aufgeteilt wurden. Die Ergebnisse wurden mit Tests verglichen, die eine Verbrauchskoagulopathie anzeigen. Ein frühes Anzeichen eines Verbrauchs von Gerinnungsfaktoren ist die Diskrepanz zwischen dem immunologisch bestimmten und dem gerinnungsaktiven Fibrinogen. Bekanntlich können die Spaltprodukte die Fibrinogenbestimmung mit Thrombin erschweren, während sie immunologisch wie Fibrinogen bestimmt werden können. In diesem Stadium sind die Faktoren II, V and VII noch im Normbereich, was auf eine erhöhte Neubildung schließen läßt. Mit zunehmendem Verbrauch kommt es zuerst zu einer Abnahme der Plättchenzahl sowie der Faktoren II und VII. In diesem Stadium der Verbrauchskoagulopathie korrelieren die Vitamin K abhängigen Faktoren mit den Faktoren I und V. Klinisch kommt es in diesem Stadium häufig zu Blutungen. Die Ergebnisse der Gerinnungsuntersuchungen korrelieren gut mit dem Schweregrad der Erkrankung.
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