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  • 1
    Online-Ressource
    Online-Ressource
    San Diego :Elsevier Science & Technology,
    Schlagwort(e): Developmental cytology. ; Electronic books.
    Materialart: Online-Ressource
    Seiten: 1 online resource (285 pages)
    Ausgabe: 1st ed.
    ISBN: 9780323157759
    Sprache: Englisch
    Anmerkung: Front Cover -- Cell-Cell Signaling in Vertebrate Development -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- PART I: INTRODUCTION -- Chapter 1. Mechanisms of Gene Activation in Early Vertebrate Development -- Text -- References -- PART II: CELL-CELL CONTACTS AND INDUCTION -- Chapter 2. Control of Granule Cell Neurogenesis and Migration in Developing Cerebellar Cortex -- Introduction -- Granule Cell DNA Synthesis Stimulated by Contacts among Neuronal Precursor Cells -- Influence of Growth Factors on Granule Neuroblast DNA Synthesis -- Duration of Proliferation by Immature Granule Cells in Vitro -- Characterization of the Progeny of Granule Cell Neuroblasts in Vitro -- Initiation of Neuronal Differentiation: The Neurological Mutant Mouse Weaver -- Weaver EGL Cells Fail to Undergo Neuronal Differentiation in Vitro -- Weaver Cells Extend Neurites when Transplanted into Reaggregates of Wild-Type Cells -- Membranes from Wild-Type Cells Rescue the Weaver Defect in Neurite Outgrowth -- Weaver Cells Migrate along Glial Fascicles after Transplantation into Reaggregates of Wild-Type Cells -- Expression of TAG-1 and Astrotactin Increases when Weaver Cells Are Cocultured with Wild-Type Cells -- Features of Migrating Granule Neurons -- Molecular Components of Glia-Guided Neuronal Migration -- Spatiotemporal Pattern of Expression of Astrotactin -- Changing Patterns of Gene Expression Define Four Stages of Granule Neuron Differentiation -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 3. Mesoderm Induction and Pattern Formation in the Amphibian Embryo -- Mesoderm Induction and the Establishment of the Basic Body Plan in Xenopus -- Mesoderm Induction and the Formation of the Dorsoventral and Anteroposterior Axes -- Consequences of Mesoderm Induction: The Activation of Regulatory Genes -- The LIM Class of Homeobox Genes in Xenopus Development -- Conclusions. , References -- Chapter 4. Relationships between Mesoderm Induction and Formation of the Embryonic Axis in the Chick Embryo -- Germ Layers and Cell Movement Patterns during Primitive Streak Formation in the Chick Embryo -- Establishment of Cell Diversity: Expression of Cell-Type-Specific Markers during Primitive Streak Formation -- Nature of Macromolecules Carrying the L2/HNK-1 Epitope and Their Possible Involvement in Gastrulation -- Fate of HNK-1-Positive Cells -- Marginal Zone: Organizer of the Early Embryo -- Induction of the Primitive Streak: A Revised View -- Acknowledgment -- References -- PART III: CELL MIGRATION AND DIFFERENTIATION -- Chapter 5. Studies of Neural Cell Lineages Using Injectable Fluorescent Tracers -- Introduction -- Fluorescent Dextran and Retroviral Vectors as Lineage Tracers -- Cell Lineages in the Frog Eyebud -- Cell Lineages in the Spinal Cord and Hindbrain of the Chick -- Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 6. Axon Guidance in the Mammalian Spinal Cord -- Introduction -- Orientation of Commissural Axons in Response to a Floor Plate-Derived Chemoattractant -- Patterning of Axons by Contact-Mediated Cues at the Floor Plate -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 7. Axon Patterning in the Visual System: Divergence of Retinal Axons to Each Side of the Brain at the Midline of the Optic Chiasm -- Dye-Labeling Studies in Fixed Brain: Axon Trajectory and Growth Cone Morphology Reflect the Pattern of Divergence -- Growth Cone Form as an Indicator of Behavior and Cell-Cell Interactions -- Real Time Studies -- Midline of the Optic Chiasm: A First Cue for Divergence -- Fiber-Fiber Interactions Also Contribute to Axon Divergence -- Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgments -- References. , Chapter 8. Cellular Interactions Regulating the Formation of Terminal Arbors by Primary Motoneurons in the Zebrafish -- Identified Primary Motoneurons of the Zebrafish -- Pathfinding by the Primary Motoneurons -- Formation of Terminal Arbors -- Extension and Retraction of Projections -- Regulation of Branch Extension and Retraction -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- PART IV: GRADIENTS AND DIFFUSIBLE SIGNALS -- Chapter 9. The DVR Gene Family in Embryonic Development -- Introduction -- Results and Discussion -- References -- Chapter 10. Control of Neural Cell Identity and Pattern by Notochord and Floor Plate Signals -- Introduction -- Induction of the Floor Plate by the Notochord -- Signals from the Floor Plate and Notochord Control Cell Pattern in the Ventral Half of the Neural Tube -- Influence of the Notochord and Floor Plate on Cell Differentiation in the Dorsal Neural Tube -- Possible Mechanisms for the Control of Neural Cell Pattern by the Notochord and Floor Plate -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 11. Retinoids and Pattern Formation in Vertebrate Embryos -- Biochemistry of Retinoids -- Retinoids Induce a Homeobox Gene during Early Development of the Chick Embryo -- Retinolc Acid Induces Somite-like Structures in Cranial Mesoderm -- Retinoid Metabolism in Early Chick Embryos -- Acknowledgments -- References -- PART V: PATTERN FORMATION -- Chapter 12. The Relationship between Krox-20 Gene Expression and the Segmentation of the Vertebrate Hindbrain -- Introduction -- Conserved Expression Pattern of Krox-20 -- Establishment of Krox-20 Expression in the Neural Epithelium -- Implications for Krox-20 Function -- Relationship between Krox-20 Expression and Lineage Restriction -- References -- Chapter 13. The Effect of Retinoids on Amphibian Limb Regeneration -- Introduction -- Events of Limb Regeneration. , Effects of Retinoids on Limb Regeneration -- Conclusions -- References -- PART VI: TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS -- Chapter 14. Role of Transcription Factor GATA-1 in the Differentiation of Hemopoietic Cells -- Introduction -- Results -- Discussion and Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 15. Expression of Hox-2 Genes and Their Relationship to Regional Diversity in the Vertebrate Head -- Introduction -- Conservation and Properties of the Hox Network -- Hox Expression in the Branchial Arches: A Hox Code for the Head -- Role of Mesoderm in Neural Plate Regionalization -- Temporal Onset of Expression -- Transmission of Spatial Specification to Other Parts of the Head -- Areas of Reduced Crest Emigration -- Mechanism of Head Segmentation -- Differences in Extent of Specification in Cranial Crest -- Experimental Support for the Hox Code -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 16. Murine Paired Box Containing Genes -- Introduction -- Murine Pax Gene Family -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 17. Gene Regulation during Nerve Growth Factor-Induced Differentiation -- Expression of Immediate Early Genes -- Expression of Delayed Early Genes -- Expression of Late Genes -- Proto-oncogenes and Neural Development and Function -- Summary -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Index.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Schlagwort(e): Peroxisomes ; Peroxisomal disorders ; Neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy ; Infantile Refsum's disease ; Pseudo-Zellweger disease ; Mitochondria
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The morphology of hepatic peroxisomes in five patients with metabolic disorders believed to be due to inherited defects of peroxisomal function or biogenesis is described. Electron microscopy and cytochemical staining for catalase were used to identify peroxisomes in two boys with infantile Refsum's disease (IRD), a girl with autopsy confirmed neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy (NALD), and two boys with pseudo-Zellweger syndrome (PZS). In the patients with IRD and NALD hepatic peroxisomes were significantly reduced in size and number and contained electron dense centres. In the liver of the patients with PZS the peroxisomes were enlarged. Morphologically abnormal peroxisomes were also detected in autopsy tissue from one boy with PZS using electron microscopy. Lamellar-lipid inclusions and mitochondria with crystalline inclusions and/or abnormal cristae are also described in two patients, one with IRD, the other with NALD.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 117 (1997), S. 148-152 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Pointing ; On-line control ; Inverse kinematics ; Double-step stimulation ; Human
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract  The human arm is kinematically redundant, which may allow flexibility in the execution of reaching movements. We have compared reaching movements with and without kinematic redundancy to unpredictable double-step targets. Subjects sat in front of a digitising tablet and were able to view an arc of four targets reflected in the mirror as virtual images in the plane of the tablet. They were instructed to move, from a central starting point, in as straight a line as possible to a target. In one-third of trials, the target light switched to one of its neighbours during the movement. Subjects made 60 movements using shoulder, elbow and wrist and then another 60 movements in which only shoulder and elbow movement were allowed. By restraining the wrist, the limb was made non-redundant. The path length was calculated for each movement. In single-step trials, there was no significant difference between path lengths performed with and without wrist restraint. As expected there was a significant increase in path length during double-step trials. Moreover this increase was significantly greater when the wrist was restrained. The variability across both single- and double-step movements was significantly less while the wrist was restrained. Importantly the performance time of the movements did not alter significantly for single-step, double-step or restrained movements. These results suggest that the nervous system exploits the intrinsic redundancy of the limb when controlling voluntary movements and is therefore more effective at reprogramming movements to double-step targets.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Einschränkungen Verfügbarkeit
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