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  • Macaca mulatta  (3)
  • Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis  (2)
  • Dominance  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Male rank, reproductive behavior, and reproductive success in free-ranging rhesus macaques (1993)
    Springer
    Primates 34 (1993), S. 481-489 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-8332
    Keywords: Macaca mulatta ; Cayo Santiago ; DNA fingerprinting ; Paternity ; Mating success ; Dominance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Paternity assessment through DNA fingerprinting by synthetic oligonucleotide probes was applied to one birth cohort in a social group of free-ranging rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) on Cayo Santiago. The 11 group males and 9 males from other groups were observed mating with the females. Paternity was determined for 11 of the 15 infants. Male dominance rank was not associated with reproductive success. High-ranking resident males (N=5) sired 27% of the infants born during a one-year study. Four of the 11 infants of known paternity were sired by males of other social groups. The four infants of unknown paternity were sired either by males not observed mating with the females or the low-ranking male who was not fingerprinted. Male dominance rank was not associated with reproductive activity during conception cycles. These results suggest that the effect of rank on male reproductive success is not a predictable correlation, but a conditional probability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02382659
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Marker pattern instabilities as a major cause of reproducibility problems in two-dimensional DNA fingerprinting (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 17 (1996), S. 659-666 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Two-dimensional DNA fingerprinting ; Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Two-dimensional (2-D) DNA fingerprinting is a promising technique for multilocus analysis of eukaryotic genomes. It has been successfully applied to the detection of DNA variation in tumors, to linkage analyses and to genomic comparisons of inbred mouse strains. However, there are still problems with inter-gel comparisons of 2-D DNA typing patterns as documented by the intergel reproducibility rates reported in the literature, which range from 84 to 98%. The basis for standardization in almost all of these studies has been a set of lambda fragments (digested separately with the restriction enzymes HaeIII, RsaI, Bg/I) that produces a spot pattern scattered across the gel. These spots are used as markers for gel comparisons. Since we noticed considerable variations in the marker spot paterns, we evaluated the properties of the lambda marker using both computer simulation and an empirical analysis of forty independent consecutive gels from our laboratory. We explain the instabilities of the spot pattern on the basis of the melting properties of the individual lambda fragments. A subset of spots is presented that has been stable in all our experiments. Only this set of spots should be used for gel standardization purposes until a new, completely reproducible marker becomes available. Finally, suggestions for an improved marker system are made.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150170406
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three novel mutations of the NF1 gene detected by temperature gradient gel electrophoresis of exons 5 and 8 (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 17 (1996), S. 1559-1563 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis ; Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis ; Neurofibromatosis gene ; Mutation analysis ; Exon skipping ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We screened a total of 100 unrelated patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) for mutations in exons 5 and 8 of the NF1 gene using temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE). Careful interpretation of exon 5 TGGE patterns was necessary due to interference by an exonic polymorphism. Three novel mutations were identified: a stop mutation in exon 5 (Q239X) caused by a C→T transition at cDNA nucleotide position 715, a transition at the invariant G of the splice accceptor site in intron 4c (G655-1A), and a transversion at the invariant G of the splice donor site in intron 8 (G1185+1T). Analysis of mRNA revealed the predicted abnormal splice products. While skipping of exon 5 causes a shift in the reading frame with a premature stop codon downstream in the middle of exon 6, skipping of exon 8 leads to an in-frame deletion with the predicted protein product being shortened by 41 amino acids.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150171011
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic determination of paternity and variation in male reproductive success in two populations of rhesus macaques (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 18 (1997), S. 1701-1705 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: DNA fingerprint ; Short tandem marker typing ; Paternity ; Differential reproduction ; Macaca mulatta ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The fundamental framework for uncovering factors affecting the evolution of social behavior rests upon analyses of variation in reproductive success. In species where females mate with multiple males, paternity is invisible in the absence of genetic data. We determined paternity in two populations of rhesus macaques, Macaca mulatta, using both single locus and multilocus techniques. One troop, Group R, is one of four troops living on a 15 ha island (Cayo Santiago) off the coast of Puerto Rico, while the other troop, Group M, was translocated from Cayo Santiago to the Sabana Seca Field Station (Puerto Rico) in 1984. About a dozen human-derived short tandem repeat (STR) markers have been found to be polymorphic in the study of populations and provide the initial paternity determination. Final evaluation of paternity is then confirmed by multilocus DNA fingerprinting using synthetic oligonucleotide probes. Body condition, age, and dominance rank have an impact on male progeny production, while canine size does not. We suggest that nonagonistic competition in the form of sperm competition and endurance rivalry will modulate male reproductive success. A large body size among males provides them with an advantage in both sperm competition and endurance rivalry. Comparison of the two populations indicated that demographic, social, ecological, and morphological factors interact to regulate variation in reproductive success among male nonhuman primates.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150180939
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased microsatellite variability in Macaca mulatta compared to humans due to a large scale deletion/insertion event during primate evolution (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 16 (1995), S. 1607-1611 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Microsatellites ; DNA-sequence analysis ; Genetic variability ; Macaca mulatta ; Primate evolution ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Human (GATA)n microsatellites D12S66 and D12S67 could be successfully amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in various species of apes and monkeys. In 86 unrelated animals of the most intensively studied species Macaca mulatta we demonstrated five alleles at “D12S66” differing in size in increments of 4 bp (159-175 bp), whereas 17 alleles were observed at locus “D12S67”. The alleles of the latter locus are distributed in two separate groups with no alleles of intermediate size. Six alleles were found between 108-128 bp and 11 alleles between 181-249 bp. Mendelian inheritance of the codom-inant alleles was proven by family studies. Sequencing of the “D12S67” locus revealed that the shorter alleles are characterized by a single perfect (GATA)n stretch whereas the longer alleles consist of two blocks of (GATA)n repeats separated by an intervening sequence of 9 bp. The composite structure of the longer alleles closely resembles that of the 12 human D12S67 alleles (229-273 bp). The enormous species variation in the fragment size range, with the smallest allele found in Macaca mulatta (108 bp) and the largest (364 bp) in Gorilla gorilla gorilla strongly indicates that D12S67 has been subjected to recurrent mutations over the course of primate evolution including a large deletion and/ or insertion event.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.11501601265
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