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  • 1
    Keywords: Aquatic ecology . ; Plant physiology. ; Community ecology, Biotic. ; Plant ecology. ; Seetang
    Description / Table of Contents: Seaweeds (macroalgae) represent the most striking living components in the Antarctic’s near-shore ecosystems, especially across the West Antarctic Peninsula and adjacent islands. Due to their abundance, their central roles as primary producers and foundation organisms, and as sources of diverse metabolically active products, seaweed assemblages are fundamental to biogeochemical cycles in Antarctic coastal systems. In recent years, the imminence of climate change and the direct impacts of human beings, which are affecting vast regions of the Antarctic, have highlighted the importance of seaweed processes in connection with biodiversity, adaptation and interactions in the benthic network. Various research groups have been actively involved in the investigation of these topics. Many of these research efforts have a long tradition, while some “newcomers” have also recently contributed important new approaches to the study of these organisms, benefiting polar science as a whole. This book provides an overview of recent advances and insights gleaned over the past several years. Focusing on a timely topic and extremely valuable resource, it assesses the challenges and outlines future directions in the study of Antarctic seaweeds.
    Type of Medium: Book
    Pages: xiv, 397 Seiten , Illustrationen
    ISBN: 9783030394479 , 9783030394509
    Language: English
    Note: Literaturangaben , Antarctic Seaweeds: Biogeography, Adaptation and Ecosystem Services -- Diversity of Antarctic Seaweeds -- Biogeographic Processes Influencing Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic Seaweeds -- Detached Seaweeds as Important Dispersal Agents Across the Southern Ocean.-Biogeography of Antarctic Seaweeds Facing Climate Changes -- Comparative Phylogeography of Antarctic Seaweeds: Genetic Consequences of Historical Climatic Variations -- Underwater Light Environment of Antarctic Seaweeds -- Production and Biomass of Seaweeds in Newly Ice-Free Areas: Implications for Coastal Processes in a Changing Antarctic Environment -- Carbon Balance Under a Changing Light Environment -- Life History Strategies, Photosynthesis and Stress Tolerance in Propagules of Antarctic Seaweeds -- Form and Function in Antarctic Seaweeds: Photobiological Adaptations, Zonation Patterns and Ecosystem Feedbacks -- Successional Processes in Antarctic Benthic Algae -- Seaweed-Herbivore Interactions: Grazing as Biotic Filtering in Intertidal Antarctic Ecosystems -- Diversity and Functioning of Antarctic Seaweed Microbiomes -- Seaweeds in the Antarctic Marine Coastal Food Web -- Trophic Networks and Ecosystem Functioning -- Chemical Mediation of Antarctic Macroalgal-Grazer Interactions -- Brown Algal Phlorotannins: An Overview of their Functional Roles.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-5176
    Keywords: UV-radiation ; chlorophyll fluorescence ; photosynthesis ; stress tolerance ; electron transport
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Photoinhibition and recovery kinetics after short exposure to solar radiation following three different irradiance treatments of irradiances (PAR, PAR+UVA and PAR+UVA+UVB) was assessed in two intertidal species of the genus Gelidium, Gelidium sesquipedale and G. latifolium, collected from Tarifa (southern Spain) using in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence (PAM fluorometry). After 3 h UV radiation exposure, optimal quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm) in G. sesquipedale decreased between 25 and 35% relative to the control. Under PAR alone, values decreased to 60%. In G. latifolium, photoinhibition did not exceed 40%. Similar results were found for the effective quantum yield (ΔF/Fm′), however, no marked differences in relation to light treatments were seen. When plants were shaded for recovery from stress, only in G. latifolium a significant increase in photosynthesis was observed (between 80 and 100% of control). In contrast, photosynthesis of G. sesquipedale suffered a chronic photoinhibition or photodamage under the three light irradiances. Full solar radiation (PAR+UVA+UVB) affected also the electron transport rate in both species. Here, initial slopes of electron transport vs. irradiance curves decreased up to 60% of controls. Although the recovery kinetic under PAR+UVA+UVB conditions was delayed in G. latifolium, after 24 h recovery this species reached significantly higher than G. sesquipedale. PAR impaired electron trasport only in G. sesquipedale. Overall, both species are characterized by different capacity to tolerate enhanced solar radiation. G. latifolium is a sun adapted plant, well suited to intertidal light conditions, whereas G. sesquipedale, growing at shaded sites in the intertidal zone, is more vulnerable to enhanced UV radiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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