Note: Intro -- Climate Change and Island and Coastal Vulnerability -- Foreword -- Preface -- About the Editors -- J. Sundaresan -- S. Sreekesh -- AL. Ramanathan -- Leonard Sonnenschein -- Ram Boojh -- Contents -- PART I Hydrological Regime Changes and Water Woes -- CHAPTER 1 Projected Precipitation Changes over Malaysia by the End of the 21st Century Using PRECIS Regional Climate Model -- INTRODUCTION -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- Model Description and Simulation Experiment Design -- Data and Analysis Method -- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- Large Scale Rainfall Simulated by GCMs -- Baseline Climate from HadCM3/PRECIS Simulation -- Rainfall Projection by the End of 21st Century -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 2 Monsoonal Fluctuations vs Marine Productivity during Past 10,000 Years - A Study Based on Sediment Core Retrieved from Southeastrn Arabian Sea -- INTRODUCTION -- MODERN CLIMATE AND OCEANOGRAPHY -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- RESULTS -- Texture Profile -- Carbonate Profile -- Organic Carbon Profile -- DISCUSSION -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 3 Prediction of Rain on the Basis of Cloud Liquid Water, Precipitation Water and Latent Heat in the Perspective of Climate Change over Two Coastal Stations -- INTRODUCTION -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- Validation of TRMM Estimated Rainfall with Ground Truth -- Vertical Profile of CLW, PW and LH -- Identification of Convective/Stratiform Contribution to Total Rainfall on the Basis of Vertical Profile of CLW, PW and LH on Daily Basis -- Occurrence of High Rainfall in the Light of PW Values at the Peak Cloud Water Level (PCL) -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 4 Inter-annual Variability of Sea Surface Temperature in the Arabian Sea -- INTRODUCTION -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- The Data and Analysis -- Sea Surface Temperature (SST). , Air-sea Fluxes -- RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS -- Annual Cycle of Sea Surface Temperature -- Pre-monsoon Warming -- Summer or Southwest Monsoon Cooling -- Post-monsoon Warming -- Winter or Northeast Monsoon Cooling -- Inter-annual Variability of Sea Surface Temperature - Predominant SST Oscillations -- SST Inter-comparisons and Cooling and Warming Periods -- SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 5 Paleoclimate of Peninsular India -- INTRODUCTION -- Tropics and Teak (Tectona grandis) -- Oxygen Isotopes in Tree Cellulose -- Climatology of Sample Locations -- Rainfall 18O Record -- EXPERIMENTAL METHOD -- Sample Collection -- Ring Separation and Powdering -- Extraction of Cellulose -- Step 1 -- Step 2 -- Step 3 -- Step 4 -- Step 5 -- Step 6 -- Step 7 -- Step 8 -- Step 9 -- Step 10 -- Step 11 -- Step 12 -- Mass Spectrometric Isotope Measurements and Analytical Precision -- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- PART II Biotic Changes and Responses (Stresses and Vulnerability) -- CHAPTER 6 Marine Biodiversity: Climate Impact and Conservation Planning -- INTRODUCTION -- THE PROBLEM -- EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING ON OCEAN WATER -- EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING ON THE FISHERIES INDUSTRY -- EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING ON FISH -- Metabolic Changes -- Reproductive Changes -- Geographical Changes -- Invasive Species -- Phytoplankton Productivity -- Dead Zone Expansion -- Disease and Toxins -- EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING ON BIODIVERSITY -- Biodiversity Maps -- ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF GLOBAL WARMING -- Food Security -- Coastal Development -- CASE STUDIES -- WHAT CAN WE DO ABOUT GLOBAL WARMING? -- Establishment of Coral Farms -- Form Local Fish Farming Associations or Other Support Systems for Fish Suppliers -- Hold Regular Multistakeholder Meetings with Surveys to Measure Results. , National Actions -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- APPENDIX -- Projected Impact of Climate Change -- Average Sea Surface Temperature (°C) -- Map of Coral Reefs of the World -- Distribution of Coral Bleaching Events, 1988 -- Natural Catastrophes Worldwide, 1980-2010 -- Direction of Changes in Phenology and Distribution of Species Compared to Those Predicted from Climate Change -- Biodiversity Map of Coastal and Oceanic Marine Creatures (Red boxes mark hotspots) -- CHAPTER 7 Inventory and Monitoring of Coral Reefs of United Arab Emirates (UAE), Arabian Gulf, Using Remote Sensing Techniques -- INTRODUCTION -- MATERIALS AND METHOD -- Study Area -- Data Used -- Data Preparation -- Data Processing -- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 8 Impact of Climate Change in the Sundarban Aquatic Ecosystems: Phytoplankton as Proxies -- INTRODUCTION -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- Study Area -- Phytoplankton Collection and Taxonomic Enumeration -- Physicochemical Analyses -- Photosynthetic Pigment Analysis -- RESULTS -- DISCUSSION -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 9 Elevated CO2 and Temperature Affect Leaf Anatomical Characteristics in Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) -- INTRODUCTION -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- Experimental Site and Field Set Up -- Stomata Structural Analysis -- Leaf Anatomy -- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- Stomatal Characteristics under Elevated CO2 and Temperature -- Effect of Elevated CO2 and Temperature on Leaf Anatomy -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 10 Biochemical Composition of Seaweeds after the Influence of Oil Spill from 'Tasman Spirit' at the Coast of Karachi -- INTRODUCTION -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES. , CHAPTER 11 Distribution of Ostracoda in the Mullipallam Lagoon, near Muthupet, Tamil Nadu, Southeast Coast of India - Implications on Microenvironment -- INTRODUCTION -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- Systematic Paleontology -- Sediment, Water Characteristics and Standing Crop -- Carapace Valve Ratio -- Predation -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- PART III Coastal Dynamics -- CHAPTER 12 Influence of Suspended Solid on in situ and ex situ Chlorophyll-a: A Case Study of Indian Sundarbans -- INTRODUCTION -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- The Study Area -- Chlorophyll Estimation (in situ and ex situ) -- Suspended Solid (SS) Estimation (in situ) -- Statistical Approach -- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 13 Climate and Sea Level Changes in a Holocene Bay Head Delta, Kerala, Southwest Coast of India -- INTRODUCTION -- STUDY AREA -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- LITHOLOGY AND SEDIMENT TEXTURE -- PALYNOLOGY AND MICROPALAEONTOLOGY -- δ13C AND δ15N ISOTOPES -- DISCUSSION -- Holocene Evolution of Kallada Bay Head Delta (KBHD) -- Evidences of Climatic and Sea Level Changes -- SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 14 Role of Sea Level Rise on the Groundwater Quality in Coastal Areas of Sri Lanka -- INTRODUCTION -- MATERIAL AND METHOD -- RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS -- CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENT -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 15 Mangrove Responses to Climate Change along the Southwestern Coast of India during Holocene: Evidence from Palynology and Geochronology -- INTRODUCTION -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- RESULTS -- DISCUSSION -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 16 Predicted Recurrence of Coral Bleaching Events along Lakshadweep Reef Region -- INTRODUCTION -- MATERIAL AND METHODS -- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION -- Projected Thermal Stress and Frequency of Coral Bleaching. , Required Adaptation to Increased Thermal Stress -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- PART IV Livelihood Options -- CHAPTER 17 Hatchery Production of Marine Ornamental Fishes: An Alternate Livelihood Option for the Island Community at Lakshadweep -- INTRODUCTION -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- Study Area -- Broodstock Development -- Live Feed Culture -- Larval Rearing -- Amphiprion nigripes -- Chromis Viridis and Dascyllus Aruanus -- RESULTS -- Spawning -- Larval Rearing -- Technology Transfer to Islanders -- DISCUSSION -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- CHAPTER 18 Living in Harmony with Nature: Complication of Climate Change and Governance -- INTRODUCTION -- CONCEPTUAL MODELS OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY -- Contrasting Conceptual Models -- NEW INSTITUTIONS AND DECISION-MAKING PROCESSES -- Adaptation to Climate Change and Sustainability -- New Process -- New Information -- New Thinking -- New Institutions -- SCALE -- SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Index.