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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Androgen receptor status in endocrine-paracrine cell types of the normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic human prostate (1993)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 423 (1993), S. 291-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Androgen receptor ; Chromogranin A ; Double label methods ; Prostate ; Prostate cancer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Neuroendocrine differentiation is a frequent occurrence in common prostatic adenocarcinomas and may have prognostic implications in prostatic malignancies. In the present study, we used immunohistochemical double label methods to evaluate the nuclear androgen receptor (AR) status in endocrine-paracrine (EP) cells of normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic prostate including tumours that recurred after hormonal and radiation therapy. In normal and hyperplastic glands, EP cells characterized by the panendocrine marker chromogranin A (Chr A) did not reveal AR-positivity. This may indicate that prostatic EP cells represent an androgen-indepenent cell population whose regulatory functions are not influenced by circulating androgens. Unequivocal co-expression of Chr A and AR was very rarely detected in subsets of endocrine differentiated tumour cells in treated and untreated specimens. The widespread absence of nuclear AR in neuroendocrine tumour cells suggests that this phenotype belongs to those cell clones in prostate cancer which are initially androgen-independent and refractory to hormonal therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01606893
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Widespread distribution of nuclear androgen receptors in the basal cell layer of the normal and hyperplastic human prostate (1993)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 422 (1993), S. 35-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Prostate ; Hyperplasia ; Androgen receptor ; Basal cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The role of the basal cell layer in organogenesis, epithelial renewal and development of benign prostatic disorders is largely unknown. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether or not basal cells express the nuclear androgen receptor (AR). Computer-assisted image analyses of immunohistochemical double stainings were performed to localize AR and basal-cell-specific cytokeratins in identical sections. The results showed that the basal cells express nuclear AR widely in normal and hyperplastic conditions. When compared with the staining intensities detected in secretory luminal cells, the receptor was most frequently expressed at lower levels in basal cells, which may exhibit strong AR immunoreactivity focally. Basal cells with increased AR expression were most frequently detected in hyperplastic lesions including post-atrophic and atypical hyperplasia. The presence of nuclear receptors for both androgens and oestrogens or progestins in basal cells may indicate that these cells are targets of the hormonal imbalance which has frequently been implicated in the aetiology of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01605130
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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