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  • Potato  (4)
  • Chloroplast DNA  (2)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Somatic hybrids ; Potato ; Reducing sugar ; RAPD
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A somatic hybridisation programme was undertaken to evaluate the expression of reducing sugar accumulation in potato. Interspecific hybrids created between the Solanum tuberosum cultivar Record and the diploid species Solanum phureja were evaluated at the morphological and molecular levels. These analyses indicated that the protoplast regenerants were partial (asymmetric) hybrids which had undergone elimination of S. phureja chromosomes. Tubers of the parents exhibited significant differences for reducing sugar accumulation during cold storage with S. phureja having lower levels of glucose and fructose than Record. The somatic hybrids resembled the S. phureja parent in terms of reducing sugar accumulation demonstrating that low reducing sugar accumulation is dominant to high reducing sugar accumulation in these particular genotypes. These results are discussed in relation to the exploitation of asymmetric hybridisation for the production of potato genotypes for the potato processing industry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 82 (1991), S. 545-551 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Potato ; Dihaploid ; Parthenogenesis ; Fertilization ; Chromosome elimination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Seventeen potato dihaploids, produced by pollinating the tetraploid (2n = 48) cv ‘Pentland Crown’ with pollen from Solanum phureja (2n = 24) dihaploid inducer clones, were studied. Since dihaploids are thought to develop parthenogenetically from unfertilized ovules they were expected to be euploid (2n = 24), but somatic chromosome counts showed that 15 of the 17 dihaploids were aneusomatic. Ten of the clones were predominantly diploid (2n = 24) with a proportion of hyperploid cells that contained 25 or 26 chromosomes. Five of the dihaploids contained variable numbers of triploid cells (2n = 36). RFLP analysis was used to determine whether the additional chromosomes were from S. phureja or S. tuberosum. Unique hybridizing fragments present in S. phureja but not in ‘Pentland Crown’ were identified. These S. phureja-specific restriction fragments were present in some of the dihaploid offspring of ‘Pentland Crown’. Of the 5 clones that contained triploid cells 4 had S. phureja type banding. Four of the 10 aneusomatic clones that contained hyperploid cells had the unique S. phureja hybridizing fragments. We propose that ovules of ‘Pentland Crown’ were fertilized by pollen from S. phureja and that the aneusomatic clones were derived from triploid zygotes from which some of the S. phureja chromosomes were eliminated. We consider that this is an additional mechanism of dihaploid formation in potato.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 1078-1084 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Genotyping ; Microsatellites ; Potato ; Tomato
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The potential of microsatellite markers for use in genetical studies in potato (Solanum tuberosum) was evaluated. Database searches revealed that microsatellite sequences were present in the non-coding regions of 24 potato genes. Twenty-two sets of primers were designed and products successfully amplified using 19 primer pairs. These were tested against a panel of 18 tetraploid potato cultivars. Four pairs of primers designed to amplify microsatellites from tomato were also used. Seven (including 2 of the tomato sequences) failed to reveal any variation in the accessions tested. Sixteen primer pairs did reveal polymorphism, detecting between 2 and 19 alleles at each locus. Of these, 3 gave rise to complex band patterns, suggesting that multiple polymorphic loci were being amplified using a single primer pair. Heterozygosity values ranged from 0.408 to 0.921. Phenetic analysis of the derived information allowed a dendrogram to be constructed depicting the relationships between the 18 potato cultivars. The potential of microsatellite markers for genetic analysis and satutory applications in potato is discussed in the context of these results. Furthermore, the potential of ‘crossspecies amplification’ is highlighted as an additional source of microsatellite markers for genetic research in potato.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 1078-1084 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Genotyping ; Microsatellites ; Potato ; Tomato
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The potential of microsatellite markers for use in genetical studies in potato (Solanum tuberosum) was evaluated. Database searches revealed that microsatellite sequences were present in the non-coding regions of 24 potato genes. Twenty-two sets of primers were designed and products successfully amplified using 19 primer pairs. These were tested against a panel of 18 tetraploid potato cultivars. Four pairs of primers designed to amplify microsatellites from tomato were also used. Seven (including 2 of the tomato sequences) failed to reveal any variation in the accessions tested. Sixteen primer pairs did reveal polymorphism, detecting between 2 and 19 alleles at each locus. Of these, 3 gave rise to complex band patterns, suggesting that multiple polymorphic loci were being amplified using a single primer pair. Heterozygosity values ranged from 0.408 to 0.921. Phenetic analysis of the derived information allowed a dendrogram to be constructed depicting the relationships between the 18 potato cultivars. The potential of microsatellite markers for genetic analysis and satutory applications in potato is discussed in the context of these results. Furthermore, the potential of ‘cross-species amplification’ is highlighted as an additional source of microsatellite markers for genetic research in potato.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Potato research 33 (1990), S. 505-513 
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: Reciprocal differences ; Chloroplast DNA ; Andigena ; Neo-tuberosum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The chloroplast DNA of 27 potato cultivars and 2 wild species has been examined by Southern blotting using probes representing the entire chloroplast genome of barley. 16% of the probe × enzyme combinations detected polymorphism between the potato cultivars. Cvs Maris Piper, Croft, Shelagh, Stormont Enterprise and Estima and the wild species could be distinguished from the other cultivars by their chloroplast DNA restriction patterns. These results are discussed in relation to cytoplasmic diversity and potato improvement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 172 (1990), S. 65-75 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Angiosperms ; Rosaceae ; Rubus ; Chloroplast DNA ; restriction fragment length polymorphism ; cladistic analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The variability in chloroplast DNA type of 20Rubus genotypes was examined by Southern hybridization. DNA extracted from theRubus accessions was digested with two restriction enzymes (EcoRI and EcoRV) and heterologous chloroplast DNA sequences from barley and pea were used as probes to detectRubus chloroplast DNA sequences on Southern blots ofRubus total DNA. Restriction fragment length polymorphism was detected and a total of 92 restriction fragments were generated by the probe/enzyme combinations examined. Cladistic principles based on the parsimony assumption were used to assemble a phylogenetic tree based on chloroplast restriction fragment length data. The phylogenetic tree grouped the taxonomically defined species and is in general agreement with information based on morphological criteria. However, the Japanese red raspberryR. illecebrosus was shown to have diverged considerably in terms of evolutionary time from other species in subg.Idaeobatus. Furthermore, the molecular approach provides a quantitative estimate of the relationship between species that is difficult to obtain from morphological data. In order to complement the chloroplast DNA information a ribosomal DNA probe was also included in the analysis and provided further information on the phylogenetic relationships withinRubus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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