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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The polymerization of phenylacetylene in carbon tetrachloride in the presence of light-activated W(CO)6 (1989)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 27 (1989), S. 4281-4289 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A study of the apparent reaction rate constants of phenylacetylene polymerized in CCl4 in the presence of light-activated W(CO)6 and of the molecular weight of the resulting polymer indicates that the propagating centers are conserved to high monomer conversions, though some chain transfer to monomer occurs, limiting molecular weights to about 100,000. Although solutions of the polymer are deep red in color, the molecular conformation is more coil-like than rod-like. The NMR spectra suggest that the steric purity of the polymer is limited, so that it can only be referred to as trans-rich polyphenylacetylene, confirming other results on tungsten-catalyzed polyphenylacetylene.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1989.080271305
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fold recognition and ab initio structure predictions using hidden markov models and β-strand pair potentials (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 23 (1995), S. 398-402 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-3585
    Keywords: protein structure prediction ; β-strand ; potential of mean force ; Hidden Markov model ; multiple sequence alignment ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Protein structure predictions were submitted for 9 of the target sequences in the competition that ran during 1994. Targets sequences were selected that had no known homology with any sequence of known structure and were members of a reasonably sized family of related but divergent sequences. The objective was either to recognize a compatible fold for the target sequence in the database of known structures or to predict ab initio its rough 3D topology. The main tools used were Hidden Markov models (HMM) for fold recognition, a β- strand pair potential to predict β-sheet topology, and the PHD server for secondary structure prediction. Compatible folds were correctly identified in a number of cases and the β-strand pair potential was shown to be a useful tool for ab initio topology prediction. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.340230313
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of thermal treatment on heating characteristics of Ni—Cu alloy for hyperthermia: Preliminary studies (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Biomaterials 4 (1993), S. 55-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1045-4861
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Ferromagnetic Ni—Cu alloy wires were characterized in order to obtain well-defined thermoseeds for application in interstitial hyperthermia of prostate cancer. Thermoseeds have been produced which possess Curie points in the therapeutic hyperthermia range, approximately 40 to 50 °C. The effect of thermal treatment and composition on the heating characteristics of the thermoseeds were investigated. The preliminary study shows that the recrystallization is crucial for altering thermoseeds' heating characteristics. Obtaining thermoseeds which behave as desired depends on changes in annealing times and temperatures. One may increase the maximum heating temperature (similar to Curie temperature) by increasing the annealing time and cooling time. Decreasing the lower annealing plateau temperature also increases the maximum seed heating temperature. Higher nickel content compositions did not affect rise time but increased the maximum heating temperature. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jab.770040107
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase separation during synthesis of polyetherimide/epoxy semi-IPNs (1996)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymers for Advanced Technologies 7 (1996), S. 209-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1042-7147
    Keywords: phase separation ; morphology ; polyetherimide ; epoxy ; emi-IPN ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The phase separation behavior and the morphology of polyetherimide (PEI)-modified diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) epoxy resin were studied using scanning electron microscopy and light scattering. Reaction kinetics, cloud point and onset of gelation were determined by differential scanning calorimeter, optical microscope and physica rheometer, respectively. The mixture of partially cured epoxy and PEI showed bimodal upper critical solution temperature (UCST) behavior. For PEI content smaller than 10 wt%, the blends exhibited a sea-island morphology formed via nucleation and a growth mechanism. Above 25 wt% PEI content, the phase separation proceeded via a spinodal decomposition mechanism and a nodular structure was formed. With PEI content between 15 and 20 wt%, dual phase morphology was observed. This morphology was formed via primary spinodal decomposition and secondary phase separation within the dispersed phases and the matrix phases formed by the primary phase separation. This morphology was presumed to be formed in the reaction-induced phase separation mechanism with the mixture showing bimodal UCST behavior. The curing temperature had an effect on the final morphology, and the modulus of PEI-modified epoxy was influenced by the phase separation.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripter (ECSWL) in orthopaedics. III. In Vitro and In Vivo studiesPart of this work was presented to the Society for Biomaterials and Orthopedic Research Society annual meetings. (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Biomaterials 2 (1991), S. 171-181 
    Details
    ISSN: 1045-4861
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The present study was conducted to compare the push-out strength of the treated and control samples obtained after implantation of intramedullary rod in canine femurs with bone cement to simulate the femoral stem implantation for 2 weeks, 3 and 6 months. Contralateral femur served as control. The result showed a significant decrease in push-out interfacial strength after shock wave treatment (average 48.4% decrease compared with control, p 〈 0.0001) which is similar to the in vitro results. There was no significant difference if the shock treatment was applied and left for 2 weeks or 4 weeks compared to the ones tested immediately after sacrifice. There were some soft tissue damage immediately following shock treatment in the focal area but this returned to normal in 2 weeks. Human cadaveric femoral bones and the canine bone (the dosage level was higher for the human bone than canine). The number of impacts used to extract the bone cement plug out of a human femur segment (5-cm long) decreased about 68% at 23 and 25 kV treatment power level. These preliminary studies indicate that the shock wave can be utilized to reduce the interfacial strength of the bone and bone cement although more studies are needed to assess its efficacy in terms of cost, long-term effect on patients and the exact mechanism of the loosening before this technique can be used clinically.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jab.770020305
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripter (ECSWL) in orthopaedics. II. Dose-response and pressure distribution measurements (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Biomaterials 2 (1991), S. 161-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1045-4861
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: In order to apply the extracorporeal shock wave lithotripter (ECWSL) technique to the loosening of the bone-cement interface for the extraction of the cement during revision arthroplasty it is essential to know the dose-response characteristics. The present study shows that the number of shocks needed to break the interface between a 2- and 6-mm-thick bovine femoral bone and bone cement is similar to the fatigue behavior of a material, that is, Log(N) = C(kV) + D, where N is the number of shock impulses, kV is the power setting of the lithotripter machine in kilovolts, and C and D are constants. Iso-pressure distribution of the traveling shock wave front through a simulated bone in a Plexiglass® tube using Fuji® pressure film showed quantitative pressure contours from which one can understand the effective area of shock wave and its distribution. The most effective area of the shock wave was about 1.5 cm in diameter at 23 and 25 kV with pressure at least 7.0 MPa which is more than sufficient to break the bone-cement interface in tension.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jab.770020304
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripter (ECSWL) in orthopedics. I. Foundations and overviewParts of this paper were presented at the Society for Biomaterials and Orthopedic Research Society Annual meetings. (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Biomaterials 2 (1991), S. 115-126 
    Details
    ISSN: 1045-4861
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: In this paper we have reviewed the feasibility of using a shock wave lithotripter to loosen the interface between the bone and acrylic bone cement for revision arthroplasty. We have reviewed the physics of shock wave and its applications in medicine, especially its interaction with tissues. The calculations show that the energy is greatly reduced at the interface both in the soft tissue-bone interface and cement-bone interface. On the other hand, a tensile and compressive pressure can be operated at the cement-bone interface that can cause the interface to break if the pressure exceeds the tensile strength of the cement-bone interface.Subsequent papers will deal with in vitro and in vivo application of the shock wave in the treatment of the cement-bone interface in order to weaken it and consequently for easier extraction of bone cement from the intramedullary canal.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jab.770020207
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of temperature, repeated exposure, and aging on polybutylene permeation by organic chemicals (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 42 (1991), S. 2989-2995 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The permeation parameters, partition coefficient and diffusion coefficient, were obtained for polybutylene (PB) with toluene using a gravimetric method. A PB sample was repeatedly exposed and desorbed, and the partition coefficient and diffusion coefficient were measured. Permeation parameters were also measured at different temperatures. The results were compared with those obtained from a 12-year-old PB pipe sample, which had experienced structural failure. Tests at an elevated temperature of 45°C failed to simulate the effect of polymer aging, whereas repeated sorption/desorption tests produced permeation parameters compatible with those of a 12-year-old PB pipe in service.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1991.070421117
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular and macroscopic properties of PMMA bone cement: Free-radical generation and temperature change versus mixing ratio (1981)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 15 (1981), S. 425-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The molecular and macroscopic changes occurring during the polymerization of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bone cement have been investigated. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was used to monitor free-radical generation and this was compared to temperature changes occurring in the cement for various ratios of polymer powder to liquid monomer (P/L ratio) used in the sample preparation. Both the concentration and the characteristic growth time of the free radicals associated with the polymerization of the bone cement depended on the P/L ratio used. Larger P/L ratio resulted in shorter characteristic growth time for the free radicals as well as a shorter time for the occurrence of the peak sample temperature. Smaller P/L ratios gave smaller maximum concentrations of free radicals and larger peak temperatures. These results are explained on the basis of (1) more initiators present at higher P/L ratios resulting in faster polymerization and (2) less initiators and more monomers present at smaller P/L ratios resulting in fewer radicals but more exothermic reactions. The free radicals present in the bone cement due to the manufacturer's sterilization process were found to be proportional to the fraction of powder used in the preparation, indicating negligible monomer loss during sample mixing.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820150312
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermomechanical study of Ni-Ti alloys (1988)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 22 (1988), S. 573-588 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: A preliminary study was conducted to demonstrate the usefulness of the combined technique of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and mechanical testing for the shape memory metals of 54NiTi and 53NiTiCo(3%) alloys. The DSC technique was used to measure precise transformation temperatures and the amount of thermal energy required for the corresponding phase transformation. The degree of plastic deformation by bending and the effect of alloying (such as Co) were studied with combined DSC and mechanical property measurements.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820220611
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