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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photo-oxidative degradation of PPO/PET blends (1994)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 214 (1994), S. 1-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Der photo-oxidative Abbau von Blends aus Polyethylenterephthalat (PET) und Poly(2,6-dimethyl-1-1,4-phenylenoxid) (PPO) wurde untersucht, wobei die gegenseitige Beeinflussung beider Komponenten berüucksichtigt wurde. Im Temperaturbereich 30 - 100°C wurden die Auswirkungen der Segmentbeweglichkeit der Polymerketten ermittelt. Für kurze UV-Bestrahlung (365 nm) ist der Abbau diffionskontrolliert und kann mit der Theorie von Waite erklärt werden. Die Wechselwirkungen der Polymersegmente in den Blends beeinflussen auch die Diffusionskoeffizienten und die Aktivierungsenergie. Für PET in Blends verursacht eine höhere Aktivierungsenergie eine Abnahme des Kettenbruchs.
    Notes: Photo-oxidative degradation of blends of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (PPO) was studied considering the mutual influence of both components. The photo-oxidation of these systems was investigated in the temperature range 30-100°C to study the effects of segmental motion of polymer chains. For short time of UV-illumination at 365 nm the process is diffusion controlled and can be explained with the help of Waite's theory. The segmental interactions of polymer segments in the blends also affect the diffusion coefficients and the activation energy values. Higher values of the activation energy of PET in the blends cause a decrease of chain breaking.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1994.052140101
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photostabilized degradation of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) films. IV. Evaluation of quantum yields resulting from random chain scission in the presence and absence of zinc-diisopropyl-dithiophosphate (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 33 (1982), S. 672-674 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Untersuchung des photostabilisierten Abbaus von Poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylen-oxid)-Filmen, die 0,1 Masse-% Zink(0,0′-diisopropyl-dithiophosphat) (ZnDTP) enthielten, ergab, daß die relative Quantenuausbeute der Photolyse stark von der Temperatur und der Bestrahlungsdosis abhängt. Die ZnDTP enthaltende Polymermatrix hat bei der Photooxidation des festen Polymers eine sehr gering Quantenausbeute.
    Notes: Studies of the photostabilized degradation of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) films containing 0.1 wt. % zinc(0,0′-diisopropyl-dithiophosphate) (ZnDTP) show that the relative quantum yields of photolysis depend strongly on the temperature and dose of the irradiation. The backbone of the polymer containing Zn DTP has very low quantum yield in photooxidation of solid polymer films.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1982.010331112
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on dynamic behaviour and flow properties of HDPE/EPDM blends by torque rheometer (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 37 (1995), S. 141-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: dynamic vulcanization ; torque ; flow activation energy ; impact strength ; dynamic crosslinking ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effect of blend ratio on the crosslinking characteristics and dynamic elastic properties of HDPE/EPDM blends was studied by a torque rheometer. The crosslink density (a measure of tensile strength) first increases and then decrease with increase in EPDM content. The dynamic elastic property (a measure of impact strength) also showed a peculiar trend. Both studies showed that less than 40 parts loading of EPDM gave the best mechanical properties. In another study the flow activation energy was calculated by temperature programming, which gave the value of processing temperatures (cold mixing, hot mixing).
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pi.1995.210370209
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on kinetics of thermally initiated radical polymerization of divinyl ester monomers (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer International 38 (1995), S. 147-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 0959-8103
    Keywords: curing kinetics of divinyl ester monomers ; differential scanning calorimetry ; thermally initiated radical polymerization ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The divinyl ester monomers were prepared by reacting glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) with dioic acids (adipic acid, glutaric acid, succinic acid, malonic acid and oxalic acid). The reaction between the active epoxy groups of GMA and the carboxylic group of the dioic acid was catalysed by triphenyl phosphine. the curing kinetics of divinyl ester monomers were studied using benzoyl peroxide as a free radical initiator. The kinetic studies were made by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) using the isothermal method. An explanation for the difference in the kinetic parameters with different monomers is given. A shift in the kinetic model from autocatalytic to nth order was observed in all cases. A reaction mechanism for the radical polymerization is supported by a detailed mathematical derivation and experimental results.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pi.1995.210380206
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal and photo-oxidative degradation of poly-1-butene film in the presence of zinc thiopicoline anilide (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 2509-2518 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The photo-oxidative thermal stability of isotactic poly-1-butene stabilized with zinc thiopicoline anilide (ZTPA) was investigated by means of light scattering, chemical actinometry, and spectrophotometric techniques. The inhibition and the course of the oxidative reaction was determined by measuring weight-average molecular weight, heats of activation, and quantum yield of the photolysis of the polymer film with 253.7-nm light at a temperature range of -40 to +60°C. The changes in mechanical, physical, and chemical properties of irradiated polymer film were also examined. The role of ZTPA is discussed on the basis of the luminescence and UV spectral data. ZTPA behaves both as a thermal and UV stabilizer due to a combination of different kinds of activity in the same molecule.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1981.070260802
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sensitized photodegradation of polyisobutylene film by addition of tris(α-thiopicolinanilide)-cobalt(III) (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 27 (1982), S. 1945-1958 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The photodegradation of polyisobutylene (PIB) film in air at a temperature where volatile formation is negligible was studied by means of light scattering, chemical actiometry, and spectrophotometric techniques. The degradation is accelerated by addition of tris(α-thiopicolinanilide) - cobalt(III) (TPAC). The sensitization and the course of the degradation were determined by weight-average molecular weight, energy of activation, and quantum yield of the photolysis of the polymer film with 254-nm light. The plots of molecular weight, weight-average chain scission, and degree of degradation vs. irradiation time are linear and confirm the random nature of chain scission of the polymer. The unsaturation produced is proportional to the time of irradiation. Ultraviolet and infrared absorption spectra have been employed to substantiate a mechanism of the degradation process which does not involve hydrogen abstraction from the polymer, but direct cleage of the polymer backbone and addition of initiating radicals of TPAC at the sites of scission.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1982.070270608
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyaniline/Polymeric acid composite, a novel conducting rubber (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 40 (1990), S. 1049-1052 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1990.070400536
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of bismaleimide resin on curing kinetics of epoxy-amine thermosets (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 62 (1996), S. 661-671 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: An analysis of the cure kinetics of several formulations composed of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBPA) and aromatic diamines, methylenedianiline (MDA) and diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS), in the absence and presence of 4,4′-bismaleimidodiphenylmethane (BM) was performed. The dynamic differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) thermograms were analyzed with the help of ASTM kinetic software to determine the kinetic parameters of the curing reactions, including the activation energy, preexponential factor, rate constant, and 60 min ½ life temperature. The effects of substitution of one curing agent for another, their concentration, and the absence and presence of BM resin and its concentration on curing behavior, ethalpy, and kinetic parameters are discussed. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modeling of polymerization of melamine and formaldehyde using a functional group approach (1987)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 27 (1987), S. 925-933 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A functional group approach that accounts for the formation of higher oligomers was used in modeling the batch polymerization of melamine and formaldehyde. Five rate constants are required instead of 24 as needed in earlier studies to fit experimental data in the entire range. The model presented allows the formation of higher oligomers even though their formation is small. The batch polymerization of melamine and formaldehyde was studied under a wide variation of reaction parameters to find conditions that would lead to formation of higher oligomers preferentially.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760271302
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The photostabilized degradation of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) films II. Formation of oxygen-containing groups in the presence and absence of zinc diisopropyl dithiophosphate (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 35 (1984), S. 597-600 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die photooxidative Beeinträchtigung der Eigenschaften von Poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylen-oxid)-Filmen (PPO) bei Bestrahlung mit UV-Licht tritt in Gegenwart von Zink-diisopropyl-dithiophosphat (ZnDTP) nach einer Induktionsperiode auf. Verschiedene sauerstoffhaltige Gruppen, wie Hydroperoxid-, Carbonyl- und Hydroxylgruppen, werden sowohl mit als auch ohne ZnDTP in dem Polymer gebildet. Ein Reaktionsschema für die Behinderung des Abbaus wird vorgeschlagen. Die Rolle des ZnDTP wird weiterhin auf der Basis von UV- und Lumineszenz-Spektren diskutiert.
    Notes: Photo-oxidative Deterioration of the properties of poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (PPO) films by UV light in the presence of zinc diisopropyl dithiophosphate (ZnDTP) occurs after an induction period. Various oxygen-containing groups, such as hydroperoxide, carbonyl and hydroxyl groups, are formed in the polymer in presence and absence of ZnDTP. A scheme of the reaction mechanism of the protection against degradation is suggested. The role of ZnDTP is discussed on the basis of UV and luminescence spectroscopic data.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1984.010350906
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