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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrophilic magnetic polymer latexes. 1. Adsorption of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles onto various cationic latexes (1999)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 277 (1999), S. 846-855 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Key words Cationic latexes ; Hydrophilic particles ; Iron oxide ; Adsorption ; Electrostatic interactions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract With a view to preparing monosized hydrophilic functional magnetic latex particles based on a two-step strategy using anionic iron oxide and cationic polymer latexes, the adsorption step was systematically investigated for a better control of the subsequent encapsulation step. The iron oxide nanoparticles were first obtained according to the classical precipitation method of ferric and ferrous chloride salt using a concentrated sodium hydroxide solution, whereas the polystyrene (PS), P(S/N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM)) core–shell and PNIPAM latexes were produced via emulsion and precipitation polymerizations, respectively. The polymer and inorganic colloids were then characterised. The adsorption of iron oxide nanoparticles onto the three types of polymer latexes via electrostatic interaction was studied as a function of iron oxide particle concentration, charge density and the cross-linking density of the hydrophilic layer. The maximum amounts of magnetic nanoparticles adsorbed onto the various latexes were found to increase in the following order: PS 〈 P(S/NIPAM) 〈 P(NIPAM). This significant difference is discussed by taking into account the charge distribution in the hydrogel layer and diffusion phenomena inside the cross-linked hydrophilic shell.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003960050461
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface functionalization of polystyrene latex particles with a liposaccharide monomer (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymers for Advanced Technologies 6 (1995), S. 455-464 
    Details
    ISSN: 1042-7147
    Keywords: liposaccharide monomer ; surface activity ; polystyrene latex ; functionalization ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Emulsifier-free latexes with immobilized carbohydrate residues have been prepared by batch or seed (co)polymerization of styrene in the presence of 11-(N-p-vinylbenzyl)amido undecanoyl maltobionamide (LIMA). The critical micelle concentration and the molecular surface area of LIMA were determined by surface tension and fluorescence measurements. Batch polymerization of LIMA with styrene was first performed using potassium persulfate, proving the efficiency of LIMA as emulsifier. Seed copolymerization was then investigated using polystyrene seed particles with varying experimental conditions (especially the LIMA surface coverage). Material balance of LIMA between aqueous phase and particles was obtained by separating both phases by ultracentrifugation and it was found that the surfaceactive monomer is preferentially on or in the particle (nearly 100% in batch and at most 70% in seed copolymerization). The presence of the carbohydrate residues at the particle surface was directly evidenced by 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance, electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis and electrophoretic mobility.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pat.1995.220060706
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation and characterization of cationic poly(n-isopropylacrylamide) copolymer latexes (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymers for Advanced Technologies 6 (1995), S. 489-496 
    Details
    ISSN: 1042-7147
    Keywords: N-isopropylacrylamide ; 2-aminoethyl methacrylate hydrochloride ; latex ; ionic strength ; colloidal properties ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Cationic poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (NIPAM) copolymer latexes have been prepared at 70°C using methylene-bisacrylamide (MBA) as the crosslinking agent,2-2′-azobis-(2-amidinopropane hydrochloride) (V50) as the initiator and in the presence of 2-aminoethyl-methacrylate hydrochloride (AEM). It was found that the concentration of AEM plays a major role in the polymerization kinetics and particle nucleation. However, too high a concentration (2-5 mol%/NIPAM) caused the latex to be polydispersed together with the production of large amounts of polyelectrolytes. The presence of surface amino groups on the final particles under the protected form was revealed both by an ultraviolet spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance methods. It was indirectly evidenced through the electrophoretic mobility behavior of the latex particles (below and above the lower critical solubility temperature of the poly(NIPAM)) as well as by their stability against a monovalent electrolyte.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pat.1995.220060710
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation and characterization of cationic polystyrene latex particles of different aminated surface charges (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymers for Advanced Technologies 6 (1995), S. 480-488 
    Details
    ISSN: 1042-7147
    Keywords: emulsion polymerization ; functional particles ; shot-growth process ; functionalization ; fluorescamine ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Functionalized polystyrene latex particles were obtained either by seed particle functionalization or by the shot-growth procedure using 2,2′-azobis (2-amidino-propane) dihydrochloride as an initiator and vinylbenzylamine hydrochloride as a cationic monomer. The capabilities of both processes to produce functionalized particles in terms of functionalization yields coming from surface amino group titrations were compared. Different titration methods were performed and a new technique was introduced using fluorescamine.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pat.1995.220060709
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coagulation of antibody-sensitized latexes in the presence of antigen (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymers for Advanced Technologies 6 (1995), S. 541-546 
    Details
    ISSN: 1042-7147
    Keywords: immunoassay ; sensitized latexes ; aggregation kinetics and mechanism ; antibody-antigen reactions ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The paper describes a study of the kinetics and mechanism of the coagulation of two types of immunoassays using sensitized latexes. The positive response to the first test is based on the aggregation of the gamma globulin (IgG)-coated polystyrene latexes in the presence of IgM rheumatoid antigen. The second test is relative to the heteroaggregation of two types of sensitized latexes induced by the presence of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG). In the latter test, two identical polystyrene latexes bearing carboxylic acid surface groups were sensitized by covalent coupling of monoclonal antibodies specific for the αHCG determinant on one type of latex and for the βHCG determinant on the other type. Using the Coulter Counter method, the aggregate size distribution c(n) was determined as a function of the number n of elementary constituents, thus enabling calculation of the number N(t) and weight S(t) average sizes of the aggregates. The temporal variations of the average sizes were compared with typical situtions of reaction-limited aggregation processes in order to characterize the mechanism of aggregation induced by antibody-antigen reactions.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pat.1995.220060716
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